本文選題：奶牛 + 舔磚　； 參考：《內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本論文旨在研究礦物質(zhì)微量元素營養(yǎng)舔磚對奶牛生產(chǎn)性能和健康的影響。試驗(yàn)選取年齡、胎次、產(chǎn)奶量和泌乳期相近的健康荷斯坦奶牛500頭,隨機(jī)分為兩組,每組250頭,并從兩組中各選取產(chǎn)奶量、泌乳期一致的5頭奶牛作為采樣對象。在正常牧場生產(chǎn)管理?xiàng)l件下,試驗(yàn)組補(bǔ)飼礦物質(zhì)微量元素營養(yǎng)舔磚,對照組補(bǔ)飼普通舔磚,試驗(yàn)持續(xù)105 d,其中預(yù)飼期15 d和正式試驗(yàn)期90 d,預(yù)飼期和試驗(yàn)期的日常管理一致。自正式試驗(yàn)期第0 d開始每隔30 d采集一次日糧樣品,用于飼料常規(guī)營養(yǎng)成分檢測;每隔15d采集一次血液樣品,用于測定血液中的相關(guān)的常量和微量元素、免疫、抗氧化及激素指標(biāo);每天早中晚分別采集兩組奶牛的混合奶樣,將早中晚采集的奶樣按照3:3:4比例均勻混合后用于測定乳成分;每天記錄兩舍奶牛的產(chǎn)奶、采食、配種、流產(chǎn)、患病和病牛治愈等信息。結(jié)果表明:(1)奶牛補(bǔ)飼礦物質(zhì)微量元素營養(yǎng)舔磚后提高了其乳中的乳蛋白、乳脂、固形物的含量(P0.01),減少了體細(xì)胞數(shù)的數(shù)量(P0.01),但對其產(chǎn)奶量和DMI沒有影響(P0.05)。(2)試驗(yàn)組奶牛血清中CAT活性極顯著高于對照組(P0.01),GSH-PX、SOD活性顯著高于對照組(P0.05),MDA含量顯著低于對照組(P0.05),T-AOC無顯著變化(P0.05)。(3)試驗(yàn)組奶牛血清中ALB、IgG含量極顯著高于對照組(P0.01),TP、T4含量顯著高于對照組(P0.05),但對ALB/GLB、IL-6、UREA、T3無顯著影響(P0.05)。(4)試驗(yàn)組血清中Ca、Co含量極顯著高于對照組(P0.01),P、Mg、Fe、Mn、Zn、Se、I都顯著高于對照組(P0.05)。(5)礦物質(zhì)微量元素繁殖方面營養(yǎng)舔磚僅對配種次數(shù)有積極影響(P0.05),而對流產(chǎn)率、配種率并沒有顯著影響(P0.05)。(6)補(bǔ)飼礦物質(zhì)微量元素營養(yǎng)舔磚增強(qiáng)了奶牛的抗病能力及病后恢復(fù)能力,對奶牛的健康情況有所改善(P0.05)。根據(jù)本試驗(yàn)的結(jié)果可知,補(bǔ)飼礦物質(zhì)微量元素營養(yǎng)舔磚可以提高奶牛乳品質(zhì),增強(qiáng)奶牛抗病和患病后的恢復(fù)能力,并能改善奶牛的繁殖性能。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the effect of mineral trace element nutrition licking brick on production performance and health of dairy cows. 500 healthy Holstein cows with similar age, birth number, milk yield and lactation period were randomly divided into two groups, 250 in each group, and 5 dairy cows with the same lactation period and milk yield were selected from the two groups. Under the condition of normal pasture production and management, the test group was supplemented with mineral and trace elements nutrition licking brick, and the control group with ordinary licking brick. The experiment lasted 105 days. The pre-feeding period was 15 days and the formal test period was 90 days. The daily management of the pre-feeding period was the same as that of the experimental period. Dietary samples were collected every 30 days from the first day of the formal trial period, and blood samples were collected every 15 days for the determination of the relative constants and trace elements in the blood. Antioxidant and hormone indexes: the milk samples of the two groups were collected in the morning and the middle evening respectively, and the milk samples collected from the morning, the middle and the evening were mixed evenly according to the 3:3:4 proportion for the determination of milk composition; the milk production, feeding, breeding and abortion of the cows were recorded every day. Information such as illness and cure of sick cattle. The results showed that the milk protein and fat of dairy cow were increased after feeding mineral trace element nutrition and licking bricks. The content of solid substance (P0.01C) decreased the number of somatic cells (P0.01N), but had no effect on milk yield and DMI.) the activity of CAT in serum of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P 0.01) GSH-PXO SOD activity was significantly higher than that of the control group (P 0.05) MDA content was significantly lower than that of the control group. There was no significant change in T-AOC in the test group. (P0.05. 3) the level of serum ALBN IgG in the test group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P 0.01) and TPN T4 in the control group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P 0.05), but there was no significant effect on ALB / GLB, IL-6 and UREAA T 3 (P 0.05. 4) in the test group, the content of CaO Co in serum was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01). In the reproduction of mineral trace elements, the nutritional licking brick only had a positive effect on the number of breeding, but had a positive effect on the abortion rate. The rate of breeding did not significantly affect the feeding of mineral trace element nutrition licking brick to enhance the disease resistance and recovery ability of dairy cows, and to improve the health of dairy cows P0.05. According to the results of this experiment, supplementation of mineral and trace elements nutrition licking brick can improve milk quality, enhance the recovery ability of dairy cows after disease and disease, and improve the reproductive performance of cows.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S823.5

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本文編號：1802274