發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-23 11:10

  本文選題：馬鈴薯 + 瘡痂病��； 參考：《黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：馬鈴薯瘡痂病(Potato Scab)是由放線菌科鏈霉菌引起的一種土傳病害,目前在我國(guó)發(fā)生普遍,不僅發(fā)病嚴(yán)重程度呈逐年上漲的趨勢(shì),且尚未有有效的化學(xué)防治方法,而培育抗瘡痂病的馬鈴薯品種是徹底解決這一問(wèn)題的最經(jīng)濟(jì)有效的途徑之一�？共∮N的首要任務(wù)是篩選抗瘡痂病的種質(zhì)資源。同時(shí)對(duì)抗性資源間的親緣關(guān)系加以分析,為抗瘡痂病育種中的雜交組合選配提供理論依據(jù)。本研究通過(guò)盆栽接種試驗(yàn),接種瘡痂病致病性病原菌S.scabies,對(duì)108份馬鈴薯種質(zhì)資源進(jìn)行抗性評(píng)價(jià),篩選抗病資源,同時(shí)利用SSR分子標(biāo)記技術(shù)分析抗性資源間的親緣關(guān)系,為馬鈴薯抗瘡痂病育種工作提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)鑒定出馬鈴薯瘡痂病高抗資源9份:Marispeer,-2、L08104-12、鈴田紅美、898006、S、CEG-69.1、88-1-19、R1R2、MEX 750847;馬鈴薯瘡痂病中抗資源11份:墾薯1號(hào)、隴薯14號(hào)、冀張薯8號(hào)、2070(50)、958、393234.2(sh5)、84115 Mariseer、AGB-69-1、REICHE、集農(nóng)958、130,高抗資源和中抗資源統(tǒng)稱抗病資源。(2)從20對(duì)SSR引物中篩選出多態(tài)性好、目的條帶清晰的引物9對(duì),并篩選出這9對(duì)引物相應(yīng)的最適PCR反應(yīng)條件及聚丙烯酰胺凝膠濃度。(3)利用9對(duì)SSR引物對(duì)抗瘡痂病種質(zhì)資源進(jìn)行親緣關(guān)系分析,共擴(kuò)增出167個(gè)多態(tài)性條帶,多態(tài)性條帶百分率達(dá)到94.3%。擴(kuò)增片段在100 bp~2 000 bp。遺傳相似性系數(shù)的變幅為0.5210~0.7904,平均0.6946。經(jīng)聚類分析,在遺傳相似性系數(shù)0.6300處,將供試資源分為3類,從分子水平上揭示了各抗性資源間的親緣關(guān)系。其中馬鈴薯品種鈴田紅美和馬鈴薯品系958的遺傳相似性系數(shù)最高,親緣關(guān)系相對(duì)較近;馬鈴薯品系R1R2和馬鈴薯品系393234.2(sh5)遺傳相似性系數(shù)最低,親緣關(guān)系相對(duì)較遠(yuǎn)。
[Abstract]:Potato scab is a soil-borne disease caused by Streptomyces actinomycetes. At present, it is common in China. Not only the severity of potato scab is increasing year by year, but also there is no effective chemical control method. The cultivation of potato varieties resistant to scab is one of the most economical and effective ways to solve this problem. The primary task of disease resistance breeding is to screen germplasm resources resistant to scab. At the same time, the genetic relationship between resistant resources was analyzed to provide theoretical basis for cross combination selection in callus resistance breeding. In this study, the resistance of 108 potato germplasm resources was evaluated by inoculating S. scabies, a pathogen of scab disease, and the genetic relationship between resistant resources was analyzed by SSR molecular marker technique. To provide theoretical basis for potato breeding for resistance to scab. The main results are as follows: (1) 9 strains of high resistance to potato scab were identified as follows: 1: Marispeer-2Con L08104-12, 88-1-19R1R2MEX 750847, and 11 resistant resources of potato scab were: Kensu 1, Longshu 14, and R1R2MEX 750847. Jizhangshu No. 8, No. 2070, No. 50, No. 998, No. 393234.2H5, Mariseern AGB-69-1, Jimong 958130, Genong 958130, selected polymorphism from 20 pairs of SSR primers, and 9 pairs of primers with clear bands. The optimal PCR reaction conditions of 9 pairs of primers and the concentration of polyacrylamide gel were screened. The genetic relationship of 9 pairs of SSR primers against scab was analyzed. 167 polymorphic bands were amplified. The percentage of polymorphic bands was 94. 3%. The amplified fragment was 100 bp~2, 000 BP. The variation of genetic similarity coefficient was 0.5210 0. 7904, with an average of 0. 6946. By cluster analysis, the tested resources were divided into three groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.6300, and the genetic relationships among the resistant resources were revealed at the molecular level. The genetic similarity coefficient of potato cultivar Lingtian Hongmei and potato strain 958 was the highest and the genetic relationship was relatively close, while the genetic similarity coefficient of potato line R1R2 and potato strain 393234.2 was the lowest and the genetic relationship was relatively far away.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江八一農(nóng)墾大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S435.32

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