發(fā)布時間：2018-04-16 23:39

  本文選題：秈稻和粳稻 + 表油菜素內(nèi)酯　； 參考：《沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：秈稻和粳稻是亞洲栽培稻的兩個亞種,秈粳亞種間的雜種優(yōu)勢強于雜交秈稻和雜交粳稻,秈粳亞種間雜種優(yōu)勢直接利用可大幅度提高水稻產(chǎn)量。但是秈稻花時比粳稻花時早1-3小時,花時不遇限制秈粳亞種間雜種優(yōu)勢利用和秈粳雜交稻的制種產(chǎn)量提高。本試驗探討外源激素調(diào)控水稻花時性狀的效果及秈粳稻對外源激素調(diào)控反應敏感性差異,為解決秈粳雜交花時不遇提供科學依據(jù)。1.表油菜素內(nèi)酯對水稻花時的影響:噴施epi-BR(表油菜素內(nèi)酯)后第一天,各濃度處理對水稻始花時、盛花時都有促進效果;對盛-終時間和始-終時間卻有延遲效果;高濃度處理縮短始-盛時間效果明顯。對于秈稻,中濃度處理(0.1mg·L-1)對花時促進效果最優(yōu);對于粳稻,高濃度處理對花時促進效果最優(yōu)。當日6時噴施對秈稻的始花時、盛花時和終花時促進效果最優(yōu);前日17時噴施對粳稻的始花時、盛花時和終花時促進效果最優(yōu)。噴施epi-BR后第二天,只有高濃度處理對水稻的始花時、盛花時和終花時有促進效果。對噴施時間而言,只有前日17時噴施對水稻花時促進效果最好。噴施epi-BR后第三天,3種濃度處理對大部分品種促進效果不顯著。從花時提前效果來看,處理后第一天噴施epi-BR可以提早水稻的始花時和盛花時25分鐘,其中對于秈稻花時提前程度大小為中濃度高濃度低濃度;對于粳稻花時的提前程度為高濃度中濃度低濃度。處理后第二天,只有高濃度處理可以提早水稻花時10分鐘左右。處理后第三天,三種濃度處理對水稻花時促進效果沒有到達顯著水平。當日6時噴施0.1mg.L-1的epi-BR對秈稻花時促進效果最優(yōu)。前日17時噴施1mg·-1的epi-BR對粳稻花時促進效果最優(yōu)。進一步研究秈稻與粳稻對epi-BR敏感性的差異,發(fā)現(xiàn)秈稻比粳稻對epi-BR響應更敏感。2.水楊酸對水稻花時性狀的影響:噴施SA(水楊酸)后第一天,只有高濃度(50mg·L-1)處理對水稻始花時、盛花時和終花時有促進效果,其它濃度處理對花時影響效果均未達顯著水平。而噴施SA后第二天和第三天,只有部分品種的花時對SA的濃度處理有響應。不同噴施時間處理之間差異大多不顯著。對水稻花時促進的程度看,只有處理后第一天,高濃度處理對水稻花時有5-10min的促進效果。高濃度處理促進秈稻花時效果比促進粳稻花時的效果更明顯。對于秈稻,促進花時提前組合是當日6時噴施50mg.L-1。對于粳稻,促進始花時提前的最佳組合是當日6時噴施50mg.L-1SA;促進盛花時提前的最佳組合是前日17時噴施50mg·L-1SA。進一步研究秈稻比粳稻對SA響應更為敏感。
[Abstract]:Indica rice and japonica rice are two subspecies of Asian cultivated rice. The heterosis between indica and japonica subspecies is stronger than that between indica and japonica hybrid rice. The direct utilization of heterosis between indica and japonica subspecies can greatly improve the yield of rice.However, the flowering time of indica rice was 1-3 hours earlier than that of japonica rice, and the utilization of interspecific heterosis between indica and japonica subspecies and the seed yield of indica and japonica hybrid rice were not restricted.This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous hormones on the regulation of anthesis traits and the sensitivity of indica and japonica rice to exogenous hormones, which provided a scientific basis for solving the inflorescence of indica and japonica hybrids.The effect of epibrassinolide on the flowering time of rice: on the first day after spraying epi-BR1 (epi-BR1), all concentrations of epi-BR1 could promote the flowering of rice, but delayed the growth and ending time of rice.The effect of high concentration treatment on shortening the initial-peak time is obvious.For indica rice, the medium concentration treatment (0.1 mg / L) had the best effect on promoting anthesis, while for japonica rice, the high concentration treatment had the best effect on flowering time.When spraying on indica rice at 6 o'clock on the same day, the effect of full flowering and late flowering was the best, and at 17:00 the day before yesterday, spraying on japonica rice had the best effect at full flowering and late flowering.On the second day after epi-BR was sprayed, only high concentration treatment could promote the beginning, full and final flowering of rice.As for the spraying time, only 17:00 spray had the best effect on rice flowering.On the third day after spraying epi-BR, the effects of three concentrations on most varieties were not significant.According to the effect of anthesis advance, spraying epi-BR on the first day after treatment could advance the flowering time and full flowering time of rice for 25 minutes, especially for indica rice, the early stage of anthesis was medium concentration, high concentration, low concentration;For japonica rice, the early stage of flowering was high, medium and low concentration.On the second day after treatment, only high concentration treatment could advance the flowering time of rice by about 10 minutes.On the third day after treatment, the effect of three concentration treatments on rice flowering was not significant.Epi-BR sprayed with 0.1mg.L-1 at 6 o'clock on the same day had the best effect on flowering of indica rice.Spraying epi-BR of 1mg-1 at 17:00 the day before yesterday was the best effect on the flowering of japonica rice.The difference of epi-BR sensitivity between indica and japonica rice was further studied. It was found that indica rice was more sensitive to epi-BR than japonica rice.Effects of salicylic acid on anthesis characteristics of rice: on the first day after spraying with SA-50 mg L ~ (-1), only 50 mg / L of salicylic acid had a promoting effect on the beginning of anthesis, full flowering and final flowering of rice, but none of the other concentration treatments had significant effect on anthesis.However, on the second and third day after spraying SA, only some cultivars had a response to SA concentration.There were no significant differences between different spraying time treatments.Only on the first day after the treatment, the high concentration treatment had the effect of promoting 5-10min on the flowering time of rice.The effect of high concentration treatment on promoting anthesis of indica rice was more obvious than that of japonica rice.For indica rice, 50 mg 路L ~ (-1) was sprayed at 6 o'clock on the same day.For japonica rice, the best combination was spraying 50 mg 路L -1 SAat at 6 o'clock on the day, and the best combination for promoting the advance of flowering time was spraying 50mg L 1 SAat at 17:00 the day before yesterday.Indica rice was more sensitive to SA than japonica rice.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S511
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本文編號：1761119