本文選題：花生 + 脫殼部件��； 參考：《吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：針對目前花生脫殼機的現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展趨勢以及存在的問題,本論文選擇兩個品種的花生作為試驗材料,進行了花生莢果及花生仁的物理特性測量、力學特性測試及脫殼試驗,并對花生仁的破損率、花生脫殼機的脫凈率進行了分析。花生莢果及花生仁物理特性測量主要是測量花生莢果及花生仁的三軸尺寸,得到四粒紅花生與白沙花生三軸尺寸的主要集中范圍,確定了花生脫殼機擊打部件-凹板篩間距分別為12mm和17mm左右,凹板篩間隙為9mm和11mm左右;含水率測量結(jié)果表明當調(diào)濕比例增加到100:25時達到飽和;百粒重及殼厚的測量得到白沙花生莢果及花生仁均大于四粒紅花生;白沙花生的花生殼及花生仁的彈性模量均大于四粒紅花生;花生仁的彈性模量均小于花生殼。花生莢果及花生仁力學特性試驗主要是靜態(tài)壓縮試驗、剪切試驗、沖擊試驗。結(jié)果得到:三種放置方式下,花生莢果破裂力及花生仁破損力側(cè)放最大、正放次之、立放最小;隨著調(diào)濕比例的增加,花生莢果的剪切強度先減小后增大;隨著花生莢果的厚度和寬度的增加,其剪切強度呈增大趨勢;花生莢果正放時的剪切強度比其側(cè)放時要小;正放時,兩個品種花生莢果的剪切強度沒有很大差別,側(cè)放時,四粒紅剪切強度略大于白沙花生,但并不明顯;花生莢果的沖擊強度先減小后增大;隨著花生莢果寬度和厚度的增加花生莢果所能承受的沖擊強度呈增大的趨勢;兩品種的花生莢果正向沖擊強度均小于側(cè)向沖擊強度。設計5種擊打部件:光滑式鐵質(zhì)擊打部件、光滑式橡膠擊打部件、光滑式尼龍擊打部件、凹槽式尼龍擊打部件d=20mm和d=30mm;由單因素試驗得到,光滑式橡膠擊打部件、凹槽式尼龍擊打部件d=20mm和d=30mm三種擊打部件脫殼效果最佳;轉(zhuǎn)速在368r/min時破損率最大,在352r/min脫凈率最好,故花生脫殼機轉(zhuǎn)速應選在350r/min左右。用Design-expert設計試驗方案,結(jié)果得到:四粒紅和白沙花生仁破損率及花生脫殼機脫凈率最優(yōu)組合為凹槽式尼龍擊打部件(d=30mm)、轉(zhuǎn)速分別為351.59r/min和345r/min,凹板篩-擊打部件間距分別為11mm和16.5mm,凹板篩間隙分別為8mm和11.75mm,此時花生仁的破損率分別為1.19%和1.01%,花生脫殼機的脫凈率為99.07%和99.13%。
[Abstract]:In view of the present situation, development trend and existing problems of peanut sheller, this paper selected two varieties of peanut as experimental materials to measure the physical properties, mechanical properties and dehulling of peanut pods and peanut kernels.The breakage rate of peanut kernel and the removal rate of peanut sheller were analyzed.The measurement of physical properties of peanut pod and peanut kernel is mainly to measure the triaxial size of peanut pod and peanut kernel, and the main concentration range of triaxial size of four red peanut and white sand peanut is obtained.The spacing between the hitting parts and the plate sieve of the peanut sheller is determined to be about 12mm and 17mm respectively, and the gap between the concave plate and screen is about 9mm and 11mm, and the moisture content measurement results show that the moisture content reaches saturation when the moisture adjusting ratio increases to 100: 25.The measurement of 100 kernel weight and shell thickness showed that the elastic modulus of white sand peanut pod and peanut kernel were higher than that of four red peanut, the elastic modulus of white sand peanut shell and peanut kernel were higher than that of four red peanut, and the elastic modulus of peanut kernel were lower than peanut shell.The mechanical properties of peanut pod and peanut are mainly static compression test, shear test and impact test.The results showed that the rupture force of peanut pod and the breaking force of peanut kernel were the largest, the second and the lowest, and the shearing strength of peanut pod decreased first and then increased with the increase of humidification ratio.With the increase of the thickness and width of peanut pods, the shear strength of peanut pods increased; the shearing strength of peanut pods was smaller when it was in the right position than when the pods were on the side, and the shearing strength of the two varieties of peanut pods had no great difference when the pods were placed on the side.The shear strength of four red grains was slightly higher than that of white sand peanut, but not obvious. The impact strength of peanut pod decreased first and then increased, and the impact strength of peanut pod increased with the increase of peanut pod width and thickness.The positive impact strength of peanut pods of both cultivars was lower than that of lateral impact.Five kinds of batting parts are designed: smooth iron batting parts, smooth rubber batting parts, smooth nylon batting parts, d=20mm and dan30mm groove type nylon batting parts, which are obtained from single factor test, smooth rubber batting parts,The three kinds of impact parts, d=20mm and d=30mm, had the best shelled effect, and the breakage rate was the largest in 368r/min and the best in 352r/min, so the rotation speed of peanut sheller should be chosen at 350r/min or so.Design the test scheme with Design-expert,The results showed that the optimum combination of the breakage rate of four red and white sand peanut kernel and the depuration rate of peanut sheller was as follows: the groove type nylon impact part was 30 mm / m, the rotational speed was 351.59r/min and 345r / min, the spacing between the crimping and hitting parts was 11mm and 16.5 mm, respectively, and the gap between the concave plate screen and the punching part was 16.5 mm.The damage rate of peanut kernel was 1.19% and 1.01%, respectively, and that of peanut sheller was 99.07% and 99.13%, respectively.
【學位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S226.4

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 申江濤;高鄧升;慕軍營;;擠壓揉搓式花生脫殼機專利技術(shù)綜述[J];農(nóng)業(yè)與技術(shù);2016年22期

2 趙Zs;王濤;何焯亮;;橡膠果脫殼裝置的設計[J];食品與機械;2016年03期

3 張怡;;農(nóng)戶花生生產(chǎn)行為分析——基于河南、山東兩省44縣(市)731份農(nóng)戶調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)[J];農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟;2015年03期

4 王建楠;謝煥雄;胡志超;劉敏基;;復式花生脫殼機振動分選裝置試驗及參數(shù)優(yōu)化[J];江蘇農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2015年02期

5 張怡;;中國花生生產(chǎn)布局變動解析[J];中國農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟;2014年11期

6 陳菁;;兩種花生脫殼機結(jié)構(gòu)與原理對比研究[J];農(nóng)業(yè)科技與裝備;2014年05期

7 車硯名;;花生脫殼機械發(fā)展研究[J];農(nóng)業(yè)科技與裝備;2014年04期

8 陳明娜;遲曉元;潘麗娟;陳娜;楊珍;王通;王冕;禹山林;;中國花生育種的發(fā)展歷程與展望[J];中國農(nóng)學通報;2014年09期

9 厲廣輝;張昆;劉風珍;劉丹丹;萬勇善;;不同抗旱性花生品種的葉片形態(tài)及生理特性[J];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2014年04期

10 陳迪;王一茹;;中國花生產(chǎn)業(yè)國際競爭力影響因素分析——基于生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)指標的實證分析[J];農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟;2013年11期

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前4條

1 張怡;中國花生生產(chǎn)布局變化研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2015年

2 周建華;我國花生產(chǎn)業(yè)供求、價格與利益分配研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院;2012年

3 丁小霞;中國產(chǎn)后花生黃曲霉毒素污染與風險評估方法研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院;2011年

4 肖嶸;中國花生產(chǎn)品國際競爭力研究[D];華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2010年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前5條

1 蔡智勇;亞麻籽脫殼設備開發(fā)及關(guān)鍵技術(shù)研究[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)機械化科學研究院;2014年

2 張U_;出口脫皮花生仁加工與貯藏研究[D];江西農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2012年

3 高學梅;打擊揉搓式花生脫殼試驗研究與關(guān)鍵部件優(yōu)化設計[D];中國農(nóng)業(yè)科學院;2012年

4 李建東;花生脫殼裝置的試驗研究[D];青島農(nóng)業(yè)大學;2007年

5 張浩;涂膜抑制花生仁貯藏過程中黃曲霉毒素含量的研究[D];合肥工業(yè)大學;2007年

，

本文編號：1745934