本文選題：疆夜蛾 + 幼蟲齡數(shù)��； 參考：《河南科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：疆夜蛾屬鱗翅目夜蛾科,是河南省洛陽(yáng)市新發(fā)生的一種具有潛在爆發(fā)為害能力的重要農(nóng)業(yè)害蟲。為明確其生物學(xué)特性并為該害蟲的預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)與綜合治理提供理論依據(jù),本試驗(yàn)從疆夜蛾幼蟲齡數(shù)鑒定、生物學(xué)指標(biāo)、生殖行為、不同寄主植物對(duì)其生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育及繁殖的影響等多方面進(jìn)行了研究,研究結(jié)果如下:(1)本研究通過(guò)室內(nèi)人工飼料飼養(yǎng)獲取不同發(fā)育狀態(tài)的疆夜蛾幼蟲,對(duì)其頭殼寬度、體長(zhǎng)及趾鉤數(shù)3項(xiàng)形態(tài)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行測(cè)量,依據(jù)Dyar定律,利用Crosby生長(zhǎng)法則和線性回歸方程,明確疆夜蛾幼蟲頭殼寬度為最佳鑒定齡數(shù)的形態(tài)指標(biāo),腹足趾鉤數(shù)為鑒定中高齡幼蟲齡數(shù)的輔助和驗(yàn)證指標(biāo),體長(zhǎng)變異較大,不宜用于幼蟲齡數(shù)劃分。疆夜蛾幼蟲有6齡,1-6齡幼蟲的頭殼寬度分別為0.20-0.32mm,0.38-0.54 mm,0.70-1.16 mm,1.22-1.64 mm,1.82-2.30 mm,2.64-3.10mm。(2)本試驗(yàn)研究了疆夜蛾在室內(nèi)溫度25±1℃、相對(duì)濕度70%-80%、光周期16L:8D條件下成蟲的羽化、求偶、交配、產(chǎn)卵行為。結(jié)果表明:疆夜蛾羽化行為全天可見(jiàn),歷時(shí)50 min左右,主要集中在19:00-23:00,占整日羽化量的47.30%,雌雄成蟲平均性比為1:1.167;在凌晨0:00-5:00均可觀察到雄蛾明顯的求偶行為,占全天的89.00%。成蟲交配高峰在凌晨3:00-5:00;雌蛾交配與否均可產(chǎn)卵,已交配雌蟲平均產(chǎn)卵量為1552粒(取食人工飼料),顯著高于未交配雌蛾的產(chǎn)卵量673粒,與未交配雌蛾相比,已交配雌蛾的產(chǎn)卵前期顯著縮短,表明交配行為能夠促進(jìn)疆夜蛾產(chǎn)卵;未交配雌蛾、雄蛾平均壽命為11.10 d和10.68 d,與已交配雌蛾與雄蛾壽命12.81 d和10.08 d無(wú)顯著差異,表明交配對(duì)成蟲壽命沒(méi)有顯著影響。(3)本試驗(yàn)在室內(nèi)溫度25℃條件下,研究了馬鈴薯、大豆、小麥、煙草4種寄主植物對(duì)疆夜蛾生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和繁殖的影響。結(jié)果表明,疆夜蛾的生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育以及繁殖在不同寄主之間存在著顯著差異。疆夜蛾的未成熟發(fā)育歷期以小麥種群最短(36.41 d),大豆種群最長(zhǎng)(40.97 d);整個(gè)世代存活率以在大豆上最高(77.27%),在小麥上最低(48.66%);單雌平均產(chǎn)卵量以在煙草上(1283.1粒)最高;在小麥上(659.5粒)最低;通過(guò)對(duì)生命表參數(shù)分析,表明凈生殖率(R0)以大豆種群(357.3)最高,顯著高于其它三個(gè)種群;平均世代歷期(T)則以大豆種群最長(zhǎng)(44.4 d),小麥種群(37.9 d)最短;內(nèi)稟增長(zhǎng)率(rm)則以馬鈴薯種群(0.133)和大豆種群(0.132)最高,小麥種群(0.125)最低。研究結(jié)果表明4種寄主植物中疆夜蛾的適宜寄主依次為大豆、馬鈴薯、煙草、小麥。本研究明確了疆夜蛾幼蟲齡數(shù)鑒定指標(biāo),闡明了疆夜蛾幼蟲生物學(xué)特性及成蟲生殖行為,分析了不同寄主植物對(duì)其生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和繁殖的影響,研究結(jié)果為該蟲的預(yù)測(cè)預(yù)報(bào)與綜合治理提供了理論依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Noctuidae belongs to Lepidoptera, which is an important agricultural pest with potential outbreak ability in Luoyang City, Henan Province.In order to clarify its biological characteristics and to provide theoretical basis for the prediction, prediction and integrated management of the pest, the experiment was conducted to identify the larval age, biological index and reproductive behavior of Spodoptera exigua in Xinjiang.The effects of different host plants on their growth, development and reproduction were studied. The results are as follows: (1) in this study, the larvae of Noctuidae spp.Body length and toe hook number were measured. According to Dyar's law, Crosby growth rule and linear regression equation were used to determine that the width of head shell of Spodoptera exigua larva was the best morphological index of identification age.The number of hooks of abdominal toe is the auxiliary and verification index of the number of instar larva in identification, and the variation of body length is great, so it is not suitable for the division of larval age.The results showed that the emergence behavior of Spodoptera exigua could be seen all day, lasting about 50 min, mainly concentrated in 1900-23: 00, accounting for 47.30% of the whole day's emergence amount, the average sex ratio of female and male adult was 1: 1.167, and the obvious courtship behavior of male moth was observed at 0: 00-5: 00 in the morning, accounting for 89.00% of the whole day.The peak of adult mating was from 3: 00 to 5: 00 in the morning. The average number of eggs laid was 1552 eggs (fed artificial feed), which was significantly higher than that of unmated female moth (673 eggs), compared with that of unmated female moth.The early oviposition period of mated female moth was significantly shortened, which indicated that mating behavior could promote spawning of Noctuidae, while the average life span of male moth was 11.10 days and 10.68 days, but there was no significant difference between female moth and male moth in life span of 12.81 days and 10.08 days.The results showed that mating had no significant effect on adult longevity.) the effects of potato, soybean, wheat and tobacco host plants on the growth and reproduction of Noctuidae were studied at 25 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1738422