本文選題：銅基葉面肥　切入點(diǎn)：硒　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：銅基葉面肥(Copper-based foliar fertilizer)是由山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)土肥資源高效利用國(guó)家工程實(shí)驗(yàn)室研制的具有殺菌和營(yíng)養(yǎng)雙重功效的產(chǎn)品。本文在氫氧化銅的基礎(chǔ)上,添加硒(Se)、碘(I)元素及配方助劑,研制出含硒(CBFF-Se)、碘(CBFF-I)的銅基葉面肥,同時(shí)按照聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織(UN/FAO)和我國(guó)可濕性粉劑質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)對(duì)產(chǎn)品的懸浮性能等相關(guān)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行了評(píng)價(jià)。本文以噴施清水(CK)、傳統(tǒng)波爾多液(BDM)為對(duì)照,選取普通銅基葉面肥(CBFF)、含硒銅基葉面肥(CBFF-Se)、含碘化鉀銅基葉面肥(CBFF-KI)、含碘酸鉀銅基葉面肥(CBFF-KIO)四種銅基葉面肥,設(shè)置1 g/L及2 g/L兩種濃度,利用1季的盆栽試驗(yàn),研究了噴施不同種類及不同濃度銅基葉面肥對(duì)蘿卜產(chǎn)量、農(nóng)藝指標(biāo)、品質(zhì)、植株養(yǎng)分含量及對(duì)土壤微量元素含量的影響;通過(guò)2季的小區(qū)試驗(yàn)研究了噴施不同種類及濃度銅基葉面肥對(duì)生菜產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)、植株養(yǎng)分含量、葉片光合熒光特性、植株養(yǎng)分含量及對(duì)土壤微量元素含量的影響,為生產(chǎn)富硒、富碘蔬菜提供理論依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.利用實(shí)驗(yàn)室用砂磨機(jī)制備普通銅基葉面肥、含硒銅基葉面肥、含碘化鉀銅基葉面肥、含碘酸鉀銅基葉面肥四種產(chǎn)品,其粒徑、p H、懸浮率、潤(rùn)濕性、起泡性、流動(dòng)性、熱貯穩(wěn)定性均符合聯(lián)合國(guó)糧農(nóng)組織(UN/FAO)和我國(guó)可濕性粉劑質(zhì)量標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的要求。四種產(chǎn)品以含碘化鉀銅基葉面肥性能最好,其D50為5.71μm,D97為13.33μm,比表面積為1100.45 m2/kg,p H為8.72,懸浮率為72.88%。2.噴施1 g/L含硒銅基葉面肥較清水處理顯著提高蘿卜的地下部鮮重、肉質(zhì)根橫徑粗及葉片數(shù)分別為53.66%、23.01%及24.07%。噴施2 g/L普通銅基葉面肥及2 g/L含碘化鉀銅基葉面肥均可顯著提高蘿卜地下部干物質(zhì)分別為40.77%、39.87%。2015年噴施1g/L含硒銅基葉面肥生菜地上部鮮重較CK顯著增加28.92%,噴施2 g/L含碘化鉀銅基葉面肥及1 g/L含碘酸鉀銅基葉面肥生菜地上部鮮重較噴施清水分別顯著降低22.47%、22.73%。3.噴施銅基葉面肥較傳統(tǒng)波爾多液顯著降低蘿卜地上部、地下部銅含量為55.67%-91.19%、61.57%-91.24%,降低銅毒害。銅基葉面肥能顯著提高蘿卜地上部中銅含量1.25-3.37倍,其中噴施高濃度銅基葉面肥處理蘿卜的銅含量明顯比噴施低濃度銅基葉面肥處理高。噴施2 g/L含碘化鉀銅基葉面肥和1 g/L含碘酸鉀銅基葉面肥條件下蘿卜肉質(zhì)根可溶性蛋白分別顯著提高37.87%、39.26%。2015年,CBFF1、CBFF2、CBFF-Se2、CBFF-KI1處理生菜Vc含量較CK分別顯著增加18.52%、58.49%、35.28%、22.20%,CBFF1、CBFF-Se1、CBFF-Se2、CBFF-KI2、CBFF-KIO1處理生菜硝酸鹽含量較CK分別顯著降低33.30%、49.10%、58.78%、39.08%、30.24%。2016年CBFF-Se2、CBFF-KI2、CBFF-KIO2處理生菜可溶性糖含量較CK分別顯著提高29.58%、34.36%、39.24%,提高了生菜品質(zhì)。4.噴施含硒銅基葉面肥后蘿卜地上部、地下部硒含量較CK顯著提高。噴施濃度為1 g/L含硒銅基葉面肥及2 g/L含硒銅基葉面肥條件下蘿卜地下部硒含量較其它處理分別提高了20.39%-1.27%、48.80%-74.61%。CBFF-Se2處理肉質(zhì)根中硒含量(鮮重)較CBFF-Se1處理提高23.76%,表明施入高濃度硒元素沒(méi)有抑制植物對(duì)硒的累積。5.噴施不同種類銅基葉面肥可以提高碘元素含量。噴施1 g/L含碘化鉀及1 g/L含碘酸鉀銅基葉面肥條件下蘿卜地下部碘含量較噴施清水分別顯著提高了44.38%及93.41%。2015年噴施1 g/L含碘化鉀銅基葉面肥及2 g/L含碘化鉀銅基葉面肥條件下,生菜地上部碘含量較噴施清水分別顯著增加127.91%、23.35%,且兩種含碘銅基葉面肥不同濃度條件下,生菜地下部碘含量較CK顯著增加25.95%-211.41%。2016年噴施含碘銅基葉面肥處理生菜地上部碘含量較清水處理分別顯著增加24.71-66.20倍。6.蘿卜噴施銅基葉面肥處理土壤中有效銅含量較BDM處理土壤銅含量顯著降低31.69%-54.89%,減少了土壤銅污染的風(fēng)險(xiǎn);銅基葉面肥處理土壤中錳含量降低了7.50%-14.23%。2016年生菜噴施銅基葉面肥處理土壤有效錳含量較噴施清水降低16.72%-44.92%。7.綜合分析噴施不同濃度和種類的含碘銅基葉面肥對(duì)蘿卜產(chǎn)量、農(nóng)藝指標(biāo)、品質(zhì)、養(yǎng)分含量等的影響,對(duì)蘿卜噴施1 g/L含硒銅基葉面肥較CK顯著提高蘿卜硒含量、產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì),噴施2 g/L含硒銅基葉面肥可以提高蘿卜硒含量。噴施1 g/L含碘酸鉀銅基葉面肥對(duì)蘿卜的質(zhì)量無(wú)顯著性影響但顯著提高蘿卜肉質(zhì)根可溶性蛋白及碘含量。對(duì)生菜噴施1 g/L含硒銅基葉面肥可以提高生菜產(chǎn)量及品質(zhì),生菜噴施2 g/L含碘化鉀銅基葉面肥可以提高生菜碘含量及品質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:Copper based foliar fertilizer (Copper-based foliar fertilizer) by Shandong Agricultural University and the efficient use of resources of National Engineering Laboratory developed the double functions of sterilization and nutritional products. In this paper, copper hydroxide on the basis of adding selenium (Se), iodine (I) elements and formula of additives developed selenium (CBFF-Se), iodine (CBFF-I) the copper based foliar fertilizer, and in accordance with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (UN/FAO) and China's WP quality standard on the related indexes of products suspension performance were evaluated. In this paper, spraying water (CK), the traditional Bordeaux liquid (BDM) as the control, selection of ordinary copper based foliar fertilizer (CBFF), including selenium copper based foliar fertilizer (CBFF-Se), copper based foliar fertilizer containing potassium iodide, potassium iodate (CBFF-KI) containing copper based foliar fertilizer (CBFF-KIO) of four kinds of copper based foliar fertilizer, 1 g/L and 2 g/L two concentration, using pot experiment in the 1 quarter, the spraying of different types and different concentration The degree of copper based foliar fertilizer on radish yield, agronomic traits, quality, nutrient content and the influence on the content of trace elements in the soil; through plot experiment in the 2 quarter on the quality of different types and different concentrations of copper based foliar fertilizer on lettuce yield, nutrient content, Ye Pianguang fluorescence characteristics, nutrient content and influence on the content of trace elements in soil, to provide a theoretical basis for the production of selenium, iodine enriched vegetables. The main results are as follows: 1. using the laboratory preparation of ordinary copper based foliar fertilizer for sand mill, selenium copper based foliar fertilizer containing copper based foliar fertilizer, potassium iodide, potassium iodate containing copper based foliar fertilizer of four kinds of products, its size P, H, suspension rate, wetting, foaming, fluidity, heat storage stability are in line with the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (UN/FAO) and China's WP quality standards. Four kinds of products with the best performance of copper based foliar potassium iodide, D50 5.71 m, D97 13.33 m, the specific surface area is 1100.45 m2/kg, P H 8.72, the suspension rate of 72.88%.2. spraying 1 g/L selenium copper based foliar fertilizer with water treatment significantly increased the root fresh weight of radish, fleshy root transverse diameter and number of leaves were 53.66%, 23.01% and 2 24.07%. of spraying g/L common copper based foliar fertilizer and 2 g/L potassium iodide copper based foliar fertilizer could significantly improve the radish root dry matter weight were 40.77%, 39.87%.2015 years of spraying 1g/L selenium copper based foliar fertilizer upper lettuce fresh weight increased significantly compared with CK 28.92%, 2 g/L spraying potassium iodide copper based foliar fertilizer and foliar potassium iodate containing 1 g/L copper base fertilizer raw vegetable shoot fresh weight were significantly decreased by 22.47% compared with the water spraying, spraying 22.73%.3. copper based foliar fertilizer was significantly lower than the traditional Bordeaux shoot of radish, the copper content of 55.67%-91.19%, 61.57%-91.24%, reduce the toxicity of copper to copper based foliar fertilizer significantly. Improve the copper content in shoot of radish in 1.25-3.37 times, the copper content of spraying high concentration copper based foliar fertilizer radish is more obvious than the low concentration of copper based foliar fertilizer. Radish root soluble protein with 2 g/L of potassium iodide and 1 g/L copper based foliar fertilizer containing potassium iodate copper based foliar fertilizer conditions were significantly improved 37.87%, 39.26%.2015, CBFF1, CBFF2, CBFF-Se2, CBFF-KI1, Vc content of lettuce were significantly increased compared with CK 18.52%, 58.49%, 35.28%, 22.20%, CBFF1, CBFF-Se1, CBFF-Se2, CBFF-KI2, CBFF-KIO1 and nitrate content in lettuce with CK were significantly decreased by 33.30%, 49.10%, 58.78%, 39.08%, 30.24%.2016 CBFF-Se2, CBFF-KI2, soluble CBFF-KIO2 the sugar content of lettuce were significantly increased compared with CK 29.58%, 34.36%, 39.24%, improve the spraying quality of lettuce.4. selenium copper based foliar fertilizer after the shoot of radish, the selenium content increased significantly in comparison with CK. The concentration for radish underground selenium content of selenium containing 1 g/L copper based foliar fertilizer and 2 g/L selenium copper based foliar fertilizer conditions than other treatments were increased by 20.39%-1.27% treatment, 48.80%-74.61%.CBFF-Se2 selenium content of fleshy root (fresh weight) compared with the CBFF-Se1 treatment increased 23.76%, showed that the application of high concentration of selenium did not inhibit the accumulation of.5. spraying plant of Selenium of different types of copper based foliar fertilizer can improve the iodine content. The application of 1 g/L and 1 g/L of potassium iodide containing potassium iodate copper based foliar fertilizer under the condition of radish underground iodine content of spraying water is significantly increased by 44.38% and 93.41%.2015 by 1 g/L of potassium iodide copper based foliar fertilizer and 2 g/L potassium iodide containing copper based foliar fertilizer conditions, shoot iodine content than spraying water were significantly increased by 127.91%, 23.35%, and two iodine containing copper based foliar fertilizer under different concentration conditions, the iodine content of lettuce roots than CK significantly With the increase of 25.95%-211.41%.2016 spraying iodine copper based foliar fertilizer processing shoot iodine content is water treatment were significantly increased 24.71-66.20 times.6. radish spraying copper based foliar fertilizer treatment in soil available copper content is BDM copper content in the soil decreased significantly reduce the risk of 31.69%-54.89%, less soil copper contamination; manganese content of copper based foliar fertilizer processing of soil in the lower 7.50%-14.23%.2016 lettuce spraying copper based foliar fertilizer treatment decreased soil available Mn content 16.72%-44.92%.7. comprehensive analysis of spraying different concentrations and kinds of iodine containing copper based foliar fertilizer on radish yield, agronomic traits, quality than spraying water, affect the nutrient content of radish, spraying 1 g/L selenium copper based foliar fertilizer significantly increased compared with CK radish selenium content, yield and quality, spraying 2 g/L selenium copper based foliar fertilizer can improve the selenium content of radish. Spraying 1 g/L containing potassium iodate copper base leaves Fertilizer on radish quality had no significant effect but significantly increased radish root soluble protein and iodine content of lettuce. Spraying 1 g/L selenium copper based foliar fertilizer can improve the yield and quality of lettuce, lettuce with 2 g/L of potassium iodide copper based foliar fertilizer can improve the iodine content and quality of lettuce.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S631.1;S636.2

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