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  本文選題：側(cè)深施肥裝置　切入點：結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計　出處：《浙江理工大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國水稻種植過程中,各個施肥環(huán)節(jié)多數(shù)沿用傳統(tǒng)的人工手撒表層性施肥方式,這種施肥方式的用量很大,不僅容易造成水稻秧苗吸收肥量不均,還對水田周邊水系造成污染。所以,化肥深施技術(shù)成為目前水稻生產(chǎn)機械化研發(fā)的重點。本文結(jié)合水稻側(cè)深施肥技術(shù),開展水稻側(cè)深施肥裝置的研究,本文的主要研究內(nèi)容和結(jié)論如下:(1)研究了國內(nèi)外施肥機械的發(fā)展,著重分析了水稻側(cè)深施肥機械的技術(shù)現(xiàn)狀,提出了氣吹式外槽輪排肥器的技術(shù)方案。(2)以水稻種植過程中常用的兩種復合肥作為樣本,分別對其三維尺寸及粒徑分布、千粒重、堆積密度及真實密度、休止角等物理特性和靜摩擦系數(shù)、碰撞恢復系數(shù)等力學特性進行實驗研究,為后續(xù)外槽輪、肥箱等部件的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計提供依據(jù),并為排肥器排肥過程的EDEM仿真提供基礎(chǔ)參數(shù)。(3)對側(cè)深施肥裝置的主要部件進行設(shè)計,包括氣吹式外槽輪排肥器、肥箱、機架以及傳動方式和控制系統(tǒng)。在完成第一輪樣機研制和試驗的基礎(chǔ)上,又進行了第二輪樣機的研制,把外槽輪的直接驅(qū)動改為間接驅(qū)動,采用上翻式排肥器結(jié)構(gòu),解決了目前水稻側(cè)深施肥裝置對外槽輪以及排肥系統(tǒng)難以清掃的問題。(4)利用Fluent對排肥器下殼體參數(shù)進行優(yōu)化,分析了排肥器下殼體在不同結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)下的流場特性;利用EDEM對排肥器排肥過程進行仿真,分析了外槽輪結(jié)構(gòu)參數(shù)、運動參數(shù)、排肥量調(diào)節(jié)擋片和施肥刷等對排肥過程的影響。(5)對第一輪樣機的排肥器單元和和第二輪樣機整機分別進行了驗證試驗和性能試驗。驗證了本文提出的排肥器設(shè)計和EDEM仿真方法的正確性;通過性能試驗,得到研發(fā)的水稻側(cè)深施肥裝置各行排肥量一致性變異系數(shù)為3.04%,排肥穩(wěn)定性變異系數(shù)為2.32%,排肥均勻性變異系數(shù)為34.3%,斷條率為零,符合施肥機械國家標準。
[Abstract]:In the process of rice planting in China, most of the fertilization links follow the traditional artificial hand sprinkling surface layer fertilization method. The amount of fertilizer applied in this way is very large, which not only results in uneven absorption of fertilizer in rice seedlings. It also pollutes the water system around the paddy field. Therefore, chemical fertilizer application technology has become the focus of mechanization research and development of rice production at present. In this paper, combining with rice side deep fertilization technology, the research of rice side deep fertilization device is carried out. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the development of fertilization machinery at home and abroad has been studied, and the technical status of rice side deep fertilization machinery has been emphatically analyzed. In this paper, the technical scheme of gas-blown external groove wheel fertilizer drainers is proposed. The two kinds of compound fertilizers commonly used in rice planting are used as samples. The three-dimensional size and particle size distribution, 1000-grain weight, packing density and real density are respectively analyzed. The physical properties such as angle of repose, static friction coefficient, collision recovery coefficient and other mechanical properties are studied experimentally, which provides the basis for the structural design of the components such as the outer groove wheel and the fertilizer box, etc. The main components of the side deep fertilization device are designed for the EDEM simulation of the fertiliser discharge process, including the gas blowing type external groove wheel fertiliser, the fertiliser box, and so on. The frame, transmission mode and control system. On the basis of the development and test of the first wheel prototype, the second wheel prototype was also developed. The direct drive of the outer groove wheel was changed to indirect drive, and the structure of the upturned fertiliser was adopted. This paper solves the problem that it is difficult to clean the external grooves and fertilizer drainage system of the rice side deep fertilization device at present. Using Fluent to optimize the parameters of the lower shell of the fertiliser, the flow field characteristics of the shell under the different structural parameters are analyzed. The process of fertiliser discharge is simulated by EDEM, and the structural parameters and motion parameters of the outer groove wheel are analyzed. The effect of adjusting the amount of fertilizer and the fertilizer brush on the process of fertiliser discharge. 5) the experiment of the first prototype unit and the second prototype unit and the performance test were carried out, respectively. The design of the fertiliser proposed in this paper was verified. And the correctness of EDEM simulation method; Through the performance test, the consistency coefficient of variation of fertilizer discharge in each row of the rice side depth fertilization plant was 3.04, the coefficient of variation of the stability of fertilizer discharge was 2.32, the coefficient of variation of homogeneity of fertilizer discharge was 34.3and the broken rate of strip was zero, which was in line with the national standard of fertilization machinery.
【學位授予單位】：浙江理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S224.2

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