本文選題：馬鈴薯　切入點(diǎn)：塊莖　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：馬鈴薯塊莖是一種營(yíng)養(yǎng)儲(chǔ)藏器官,其發(fā)育過程及其復(fù)雜,受多種環(huán)境因素和植物激素的調(diào)控。本研究以離體培養(yǎng)的馬鈴薯匍匐莖為試驗(yàn)材料,探究馬鈴薯塊莖經(jīng)過茉莉酸(Jasmonate acid,JA)及茉莉酸抑制劑水楊苷羥肟酸(Salicylhydroxamic acid,SHAM)處理后在形態(tài)學(xué),生理學(xué)和蛋白質(zhì)組學(xué)等方面的變化,這為進(jìn)一步闡明馬鈴薯離體塊莖發(fā)育過程受JA的調(diào)控奠定基礎(chǔ)。本研究的結(jié)果如下:1.JA對(duì)馬鈴薯塊莖在形態(tài)和生理方面的影響。JA處理馬鈴薯匍匐莖后,馬鈴薯塊莖的鮮重、干重、直徑和結(jié)署率與對(duì)照相比均顯著增加,LOX(Lipoxygenase,LOX)的活性反而降低,這揭示了在塊莖發(fā)育中JA有助于貯藏物質(zhì)的積累。以下數(shù)據(jù)說明,JA促進(jìn)了塊莖中單糖轉(zhuǎn)變成淀粉,有利于塊莖中淀粉的積累,JA處理下,隨著JA濃度的增加,淀粉含量先升高再降低,且在0.5μM JA處理下含量最高,為15.6 mg/g,塊莖中先降低再升高的還原糖含量和可溶性糖含量,他們?cè)贘A(0.5μM)處理下含量均最低,分別是0.5 mg/g和2.5mg/g;與對(duì)照相比,在0.5μM JA和不同濃度SHAM共同處理下,淀粉含量先升高后降低,其中0.5μM JA和300μM SHAM共同處理下,淀粉含量最高,為22.8 mg/g,0.5μM JA和700μM SHAM共同處理下淀粉含量最低,為5.5 mg/g;0.5μM JA和SHAM共同處理下,SHAM濃度不斷的增加,塊莖的還原糖含量顯著增加,在5μM JA和SHAM共同處理時(shí),淀粉含量先升高再降低,其中在5μM JA和1μM SHAM共同處理下淀粉含量最高,為25.5 mg/g;與5μM JA相比,塊莖中先降低再升高的還原糖含量,在5μM JA和1μM SHAM共同處理下含量最低,為0.4 mg/g,5μM JA和700μM SHAM共同處理下還原糖的含量最高,為5.9 mg/g;與5μM JA相比,5μM JA和不同濃度(1、300、700μM)的SHAM共同處理下可溶性糖含量逐漸升高。2.分析不同濃度(0、0.5、5μM)的JA或(0.5、5μM)JA和SHAM共同處理的馬鈴薯離體塊莖中表達(dá)的差異蛋白質(zhì),結(jié)果表明不同濃度(0、0.5、5μM)的JA處理下,鑒定到44個(gè)差異蛋白質(zhì)點(diǎn),這些差異蛋白涉及能量和代謝、儲(chǔ)藏和防御、氧化還原、轉(zhuǎn)錄和翻譯、物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)與細(xì)胞結(jié)構(gòu)等功能范疇。JA(0.5μM)和SHAM共同處理下,共鑒定了37個(gè)差異蛋白質(zhì),這些蛋白涉及能量和代謝、儲(chǔ)藏和防御、氧化還原、轉(zhuǎn)錄和翻譯以及物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)等功能范疇。JA(5μM)和SHAM共同處理下塊莖蛋白質(zhì),鑒定到了31個(gè)差異蛋白質(zhì),這些蛋白質(zhì)涉及能量和代謝、儲(chǔ)藏和防御、氧化還原、轉(zhuǎn)錄和翻譯以及物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)等功能范疇。3.研究發(fā)現(xiàn),ADP-葡萄糖焦磷酸酶被JA誘導(dǎo)表達(dá),有助于塊莖發(fā)育中淀粉含量的增加。能量和物質(zhì)代謝中的糖酵解途徑、三羧酸循環(huán)途徑和磷酸戊糖途徑被JA調(diào)控來提供生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育所需的能量,但是JA降低了塊莖發(fā)育過程中物質(zhì)合成的能量消耗。JA通過清除植物體產(chǎn)生的過剩的甲醇、甲醛和甲酸等次生代謝物質(zhì)以及自由基活性氧等物質(zhì)引起塊莖生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育的適應(yīng)性應(yīng)答,提高了塊莖發(fā)育的耐受力和抵抗性。
[Abstract]:Potato tuber is a kind of nutrient storage organ, its development process is complex, and it is regulated by many environmental factors and plant hormones. In this study, potato stolons cultured in vitro were used as experimental materials. To investigate the morphological, physiological and proteomic changes of potato tubers treated with Jasmonate acididine (JAA) and salicylhydroxamic acid (Salicylhydroxamic acidic acid SHAM), a jasmonic acid inhibitor. The results are as follows: 1. The effect of JA on the morphology and physiology of potato tuber. The fresh and dry weight of potato tuber after treated with JA. Compared with the control, both the diameter and the rate of formation increased the activity of LOXLX Lipoxygenase (LOX) decreased, which indicated that JA was beneficial to the accumulation of storage materials during tuber development. The following data indicated that JA promoted the conversion of monosaccharide into starch in tuber. The starch content increased and then decreased with the increase of JA concentration in tuber, and the highest content was 15.6 mg / g under 0.5 渭 M JA treatment. The content of reducing sugar and soluble sugar in tuber decreased first and then increased with the increase of JA concentration. Under JA(0.5 渭 M treatment, the content of starch was the lowest, 0.5 mg/g and 2.5 mg / g, respectively. Compared with the control, the starch content increased first and then decreased under the combination of 0.5 渭 M JA and different concentration of SHAM, and the starch content was the highest under the combined treatment of 0.5 渭 M JA and 300 渭 M SHAM. The starch content was the lowest under the treatment of 22.8 mg / g 0.5 渭 M JA and 700 渭 M SHAM, which was 5.5 mg / g 0.5 渭 M JA and SHAM, and the reducing sugar content of tuber increased significantly. When treated with 5 渭 M JA and SHAM, the starch content increased first and then decreased. The starch content was the highest at 5 渭 M JA and 1 渭 M SHAM, 25.5 mg / g. Compared with 5 渭 M JA, the content of reducing sugar in tubers decreased first and then increased, and the lowest in 5 渭 M JA and 1 渭 M SHAM. The content of reducing sugar was the highest under the co-treatment of 0.4 mg / g 5 渭 M JA and 700 渭 M SHAM. Compared with 5 渭 M JA and 1 300 700 渭 M of different concentrations of SHAM, the soluble sugar content increased gradually. 2. The differential protein expression in potato tubers treated with 5 渭 M JA or 0.5 渭 M)JA and SHAM was analyzed. The results showed that 44 different protein spots were identified under different concentrations of JA (0.5 渭 M). These differential proteins were involved in energy and metabolism, storage and defense, redox, transcription and translation. A total of 37 differentially expressed proteins were identified by co-treatment of substance transport and cell structure with SHAM. These proteins are involved in energy and metabolism, storage and defense, and redox. In combination with SHAM, 31 differential proteins were identified, which were involved in energy and metabolism, storage and defense, and redox. The expression of ADP- glucose pyrophosphatase induced by JA is beneficial to the increase of starch content in tuber development and the glycolysis pathway in energy and substance metabolism. The tricarboxylic acid cycle pathway and the pentose phosphate pathway are regulated by JA to provide energy for growth and development, but JA reduces the energy consumption of substance synthesis during tuber development. JA removes excess methanol from plants. Secondary metabolites such as formaldehyde and formic acid as well as free radical reactive oxygen species caused adaptive responses to tuber growth and development and increased tolerance and resistance to tuber development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S532

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