本文選題：橡膠樹幼苗　切入點：氮素　出處：《海南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：氮素在作物產(chǎn)量和品質(zhì)形成中起關(guān)鍵作用,不同形態(tài)氮素對植物生長發(fā)育的影響具有較大差異。橡膠樹為多年生喬木,利用傳統(tǒng)氮肥研究方法來明確橡膠樹對氮素的吸收、利用和分配存在很大的實際困難,而橡膠樹利用15N示蹤技術(shù)的相關(guān)研究則鮮見報道。本研究采用盆栽試驗,運用15N示蹤技術(shù)研究銨硝配施下橡膠樹幼苗對不同形態(tài)氮素的吸收、利用和分配,以期為橡膠樹氮素優(yōu)化管理提供依據(jù)。主要結(jié)果如下： (1)混合氮源能顯著促進橡膠樹幼苗的生長。在銨硝比50：50和75：25配施下,橡膠樹幼苗株高、莖圍及生物量的增長均優(yōu)于單施硝態(tài)氮或銨態(tài)氮；同時,銨硝比50：50和75：25配施顯著提高了葉片的光合效率。 (2)施氮后,不同銨硝配施下頂蓬葉的全氮含量變化趨勢大體一致,先增加后減少；穩(wěn)定葉中15N含量基本呈現(xiàn)增加趨勢。而頂蓬葉15N含量卻表現(xiàn)為先增加后趨向平緩,施肥后期標(biāo)記銨態(tài)氮的頂蓬葉的¨N含量要略高于標(biāo)記硝態(tài)氮。 (3)橡膠樹幼苗對肥料氮的吸收與施氮量之間存在很好的相關(guān)性(銨態(tài)氮,R2=0.9687；硝態(tài)氮,R2=0.9711),均隨著施氮量的增加而增加；在銨硝比50：50和75：25配施下,氮肥表觀利用率分別為16.83%和16.69%,顯著高于其他處理。這2種銨硝比配施促進了橡膠樹幼苗對土壤氮的吸收。 (4)銨硝比50：50和75：25配施下氮肥利用率最高,分別為20.47%和18.61%；銨硝比25：75配施下氮肥殘留率最高,約為83%；銨硝比50：50和25：75配施下的氮肥損失率最低,分別為1.95%和2.18%。 綜上所述,盆栽試驗條件下銨硝比50：50和75：25配施促進了橡膠樹幼苗的生長,提高橡膠樹幼苗對氮肥的吸收和利用。
[Abstract]:Nitrogen plays a key role in crop yield and quality formation, and the effects of different forms of nitrogen on plant growth and development are different. There are great practical difficulties in utilization and distribution, but there are few reports on the application of 15N tracer technology in rubber tree. Pot experiment and 15N tracer technique were used to study the nitrogen uptake of different forms of Hevea seedlings under ammonium nitrate application. The main results are as follows: (1) Utilization and distribution, in order to provide the basis for the optimal management of nitrogen in rubber trees. The main results are as follows:. 1) the mixed nitrogen sources could significantly promote the growth of Hevea seedlings. Under the combination of ammonium nitrate ratio of 50: 50 and 75: 25, the growth of plant height, stem circumference and biomass of Hevea vulgaris seedlings was better than that of nitrate nitrogen or ammonium nitrogen application alone, at the same time, Combined application of ammonium nitrate 50: 50 and 75: 25 significantly increased the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves. (2) after nitrogen application, the total nitrogen content of leaves under different ammonium nitrate application was roughly the same, first increased and then decreased, the content of 15N in stable leaves showed an increasing trend, while the content of 15N in leaves increased first and then tended to smooth. The N content of the leaves labeled with ammonium nitrogen was slightly higher than that of labeled nitrate nitrogen at the later stage of fertilization. (3) there was a good correlation between nitrogen uptake and nitrogen application rate of Hevea seedlings (ammonium N = 0.9667, nitrate N = 0.9711C, both increased with the increase of N application rate), and the ratio of ammonium to nitrate was 50: 50 and 7525: 25, respectively, and the ratio of ammonium to nitrate was 50: 50 and 75: 25, respectively, and the ratio of ammonium to nitrate was 50: 50 and 75: 25, respectively. The apparent utilization ratio of nitrogen fertilizer was 16.83% and 16.69 respectively, which was significantly higher than that of other treatments. (4) the ratio of ammonium to nitrate of 50: 50 and 75: 25 was the highest (20.47% and 18.61), the ratio of ammonium to nitrate of 25: 75 was the highest, about 83.The ratio of ammonium to nitrate of 50: 50 and 25: 75 was the lowest, 1.95% and 2.18, respectively. In conclusion, the application of ammonium nitrate ratio of 50: 50 and 75: 25 in pot experiment promoted the growth of Hevea seedlings and increased the absorption and utilization of nitrogen fertilizer in Hevea seedlings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：海南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：S794.1

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1 杜海燕;不同銨硝配施下橡膠樹幼苗對氮素的吸收、利用和分配[D];海南大學(xué);2015年

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本文編號：1625082