本文選題：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)　切入點(diǎn)：曲軸　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：曲軸是發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)中最重要的零件之一,主要作用是將活塞的往返運(yùn)動(dòng)轉(zhuǎn)換成旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng),并向外輸出全部功率。曲軸工作時(shí)所受到的力是相當(dāng)復(fù)雜的,主軸頸、連桿頸和曲柄臂受力情況各不相同,但它們主要承受反復(fù)彎曲和扭轉(zhuǎn)負(fù)荷,而主軸頸和連桿頸還要承受強(qiáng)烈的摩擦。曲軸的失效形式主要是疲勞引起的斷裂和軸頸的磨損,隨著大功率發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的不斷推出,長(zhǎng)沖程曲軸也隨著出現(xiàn),即增大連桿頸與主軸頸的偏心距,工藝改變引起的問題就是相對(duì)薄弱的連桿頸下止點(diǎn)所受到的彎曲扭矩更大,因此提高曲軸圓角疲勞強(qiáng)度是擺在面前的首要任務(wù)。我公司在曲軸表面熱處理上主要采用曲軸旋轉(zhuǎn)淬火技術(shù),對(duì)主軸頸、連桿頸、法蘭及止推面進(jìn)行表面淬火處理,這種工藝已有二十余年的歷史;隨著科技的進(jìn)步,人們對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的要求也越來(lái)越高,大功率的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)不斷更新,曲軸疲勞斷裂90%以上發(fā)生在連桿頸下止點(diǎn)圓角處,利用Abaqus建模分析后發(fā)現(xiàn)連桿頸下止點(diǎn)圓角處所受應(yīng)力最大�，F(xiàn)在多數(shù)有名的汽車及發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)生產(chǎn)廠已經(jīng)開始對(duì)曲軸進(jìn)行圓角強(qiáng)化,這樣能極大的提高曲軸的壽命及發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)整機(jī)質(zhì)量。本文通過(guò)對(duì)調(diào)質(zhì)鋼(45鋼,42CrMo),非調(diào)質(zhì)鋼(S38MnSiV)曲軸材料從原材料的檢驗(yàn),曲軸毛坯的生產(chǎn)加工,圓角淬火感應(yīng)器的設(shè)計(jì)制作,淬火工藝試驗(yàn)方案的制定及調(diào)整,到成品曲軸淬火硬度、淬火層深測(cè)量以及金相檢驗(yàn),最后的曲軸單拐彎曲疲勞試驗(yàn)的進(jìn)行,對(duì)其檢測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析,最終形成合理科學(xué)的工藝,使得曲軸圓角淬火工藝成為提高曲軸疲勞強(qiáng)度的有效途徑。
[Abstract]:Crankshaft is one of the most important parts in engine. The main function of crankshaft is to convert the reciprocating motion of piston into rotational motion and output the whole power out of the crankshaft. The forces on the connecting rod neck and the crank arm are different, but they are mainly subjected to repeated bending and torsional loads, while the spindle neck and the connecting rod neck are subjected to strong friction. The failure forms of the crankshaft are mainly fatigue induced fracture and wear of the journal. With the continuous introduction of the high-power engine, the long-stroke crankshaft also appears, that is, increasing the eccentric distance between the connecting rod neck and the main journal. The problem caused by the process change is that the relatively weak connecting rod neck has more bending torque. Therefore, it is the most important task to improve the fatigue strength of the crankshaft fillet. In the surface heat treatment of the crankshaft, our company mainly adopts the crankshaft rotation quenching technology, and carries on the surface quenching treatment to the spindle neck, the connecting rod neck, the flange and the thrust surface. With the development of science and technology, people have higher and higher requirements for the engine. The high-power engine is constantly updated, and the fatigue fracture of crankshaft more than 90% occurs at the corner of the bottom of the connecting rod neck. By using Abaqus modeling and analysis, it is found that the stress is the greatest at the corner of the connecting rod neck. Now most famous automobile and engine manufacturers have begun to strengthen the crankshafts. In this way, the life of the crankshaft and the quality of the whole engine can be greatly improved. In this paper, the material of the crankshaft is inspected from the raw materials, the production and processing of the crankshaft blank, the design and manufacture of the round angle quenching inductor by means of quenching and tempering steel 42CrMoO, non-quenched steel S38MnSiV). The formulation and adjustment of quenching process test scheme, including quenching hardness of finished crankshaft, measurement of quenching layer depth and metallographic examination, and finally, analysis of the test results of single bend fatigue test of crankshaft, Finally, a reasonable and scientific process is formed, which makes the crankshaft corner quenching process an effective way to improve the fatigue strength of the crankshaft.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S218.5

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