本文選題：水安全　切入點：農(nóng)田水資源配置　出處：《河北工程大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在新時期治水思路下,水資源的利用和管理不僅要滿足生產(chǎn)生活需求,同時也要滿足生態(tài)環(huán)境修復和改善的最低紅線。這也是實現(xiàn)我國綠色可持續(xù)發(fā)展的必然選擇。目前,我國生產(chǎn)生活用水和生態(tài)環(huán)境用水矛盾突出,尤其是在干旱缺水的西北地區(qū)。西北地區(qū)干旱少雨、生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱,加劇了生產(chǎn)生活與生態(tài)環(huán)境用水的矛盾,這是困擾干旱缺水地區(qū)的一個重大難題。為此,本文選擇石嘴山灌區(qū)作為研究區(qū),開展了以下研究:(1)基于“引溝濟渠”模式的農(nóng)田分區(qū)水資源配置:因石嘴山生產(chǎn)生活用水與生態(tài)環(huán)境用水矛盾突出,制約該區(qū)域的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。經(jīng)現(xiàn)狀分析發(fā)現(xiàn),農(nóng)業(yè)是最大的用水戶,且具有很大的節(jié)水潛力。因此,本文將農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)水作為解決當前用水矛盾的突破口,并進行了論證研究。本文以“自然—社會”二元水循環(huán)為理論基礎(chǔ),深入研究石嘴山灌區(qū)農(nóng)田水循環(huán),結(jié)合現(xiàn)有灌溉系統(tǒng)格局,提出將灌溉渠水和農(nóng)田排水摻混作為農(nóng)田灌溉的方案,即“引溝濟渠”模式。該模式的提出,一方面增加農(nóng)田灌溉用水的同時還能節(jié)約一部分水用于生態(tài)環(huán)境用水,另一方面緩解農(nóng)田排水污染問題,農(nóng)田排水含有一些農(nóng)作物生長所需營養(yǎng)物質(zhì),同時,農(nóng)田土壤還能對農(nóng)田排水進行過濾和凈化。為驗證“引溝濟渠”模式的可行性,本文選取惠農(nóng)渠和唐徠渠,進行案例分析和論證。(2)基于水系連通的水資源空間配置:基于上一步的研究工作和基礎(chǔ),依托石嘴山現(xiàn)有湖庫濕地工程,進行水系連通方案設置。結(jié)合農(nóng)田灌溉制度,以增加各連通要素的水動力條件為目標,進行月尺度的分段水量配置及路線設計。實現(xiàn)石嘴山西部山前的湖庫濕地連通與山前生態(tài)廊道的建設。
[Abstract]:Under the idea of water control in the new period, the utilization and management of water resources should not only meet the needs of production and living, but also meet the minimum red line for the restoration and improvement of ecological environment. This is also an inevitable choice for the realization of green and sustainable development in China. The contradiction between production and living water and ecological environment water is prominent in China, especially in the arid and water-short northwest region, which is characterized by drought and little rain and fragile ecological environment, which exacerbates the contradiction between production and living and ecological environment water use. This is a major problem for arid and water-short areas. Therefore, Shizuishan Irrigation District is chosen as the research area. The following research is carried out: (1) the allocation of water resources in farmland zonation based on the model of "diversion ditch": because of the prominent contradiction between the water used for production and living in Shizuishan and the water use for the ecological environment, the sustainable development of the region is restricted by the analysis of the present situation. Agriculture is the largest water user and has great water saving potential. Therefore, this paper regards agricultural water saving as the breakthrough point to solve the contradiction of water use, and makes a demonstration and research. This paper takes the dual water cycle of "nature and society" as the theoretical basis. In this paper, the water circulation of farmland in Shizuishan irrigation area is studied in depth. Combining with the existing irrigation system pattern, the mixing of irrigation canal water and farmland drainage is put forward as the scheme of farmland irrigation, that is, the model of "diversion gully and economic canal". On the one hand, increasing irrigation water in farmland can also save some water for the ecological environment, on the other hand, to alleviate the problem of farmland drainage pollution, farmland drainage contains some nutrients needed for the growth of crops, and at the same time, In order to verify the feasibility of the model of "diversion ditch and economic canal", this paper selects Huinong canal and Tanglai canal, Case analysis and demonstration. 2) based on the water system connectivity spatial allocation: based on the previous research work and foundation, relying on the existing lake and reservoir wetland project in Shizuishan, the water system connectivity scheme is set up, combined with the farmland irrigation system, With the aim of increasing the hydrodynamic condition of each connected element, the monthly water allocation and route design are carried out to realize the connection of lake and reservoir wetland in the west of Shizuishan and the construction of ecological corridor in front of the mountain.
【學位授予單位】：河北工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S274

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