本文選題：茉莉酸　切入點：馬鈴薯　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：馬鈴薯(Solanum tuberosum L.)作為第四大主要作物,在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)中占據(jù)著重要的地位。馬鈴薯的塊莖即可食用又可用于無性繁殖,因此研究塊莖的的形成和發(fā)育對于提高馬鈴薯的產(chǎn)量和品質具有重要的意義。馬鈴薯塊莖的發(fā)育是一個復雜的過程,其受許多因素的影響,包括光、溫度、營養(yǎng)物質和激素等。茉莉酸在誘導馬鈴薯塊莖形成和發(fā)育方面具有重要的調節(jié)作用。為探明茉莉酸對馬鈴薯塊莖發(fā)育的影響,本研究以二倍體馬鈴薯(DM)試管苗為實驗材料,通過用不同濃度(0、0.5、5、50μΜ)的茉莉酸處理馬鈴薯的莖段,對誘導形成的試管薯進行形態(tài)學和生理學分析,同時研究茉莉酸調控的試管薯差異蛋白質組變化,闡明茉莉酸調控的馬鈴薯塊莖發(fā)育生理和分子機制。在本研究中,獲得如下結果:1、茉莉酸對塊莖在形態(tài)和生理方面的影響。茉莉酸濃度為0.5和5μΜ時,馬鈴薯塊莖體積增大,同時還有利于單薯鮮干重的積累,但是茉莉酸濃度為50μΜ時抑制塊莖體積的增大以及單薯鮮干重的積累。當茉莉素濃度為0.5、5和50μΜ時,馬鈴薯塊莖的結薯率分別為對照的2.6、4.7和5.1倍,塊莖的長寬比較對照分別下降了19.8%、21.9%和27.3%。茉莉酸促進塊莖結薯期提前,在50μΜ茉莉酸處理下,第5天塊莖開始形成。馬鈴薯塊莖中淀粉含量在0.5和5μΜ的茉莉酸處理下較對照分別下降了21.1%和5.4%,而在50μΜ茉莉酸處理下較對照上升了28.3%。經(jīng)0.5、5和50μΜ的茉莉酸處理后,馬鈴薯塊莖的可溶性糖的含量分別是對照的1.9、4.1和2.9倍。馬鈴薯塊莖還原糖的含量在0.5和5μΜ的茉莉酸處理下分別低于對照16.9%和14.2%,而在50μΜ的茉莉酸處理下高于對照6.5%。經(jīng)0.5、5和50μΜ的茉莉酸處理后,馬鈴薯塊莖脂氧合酶活性較對照分別降低了43.0%、78.4%和87.8%。2、茉莉酸調控的馬鈴薯塊莖離體發(fā)育差異蛋白質組學分析。在0、0.5、5和50μΜ的茉莉酸處理下分別檢測到620±13.1、611±19.9、608±3.1和616±10.1個蛋白質點,并且不同處理下檢測到的蛋白質點差異不顯著。在4個處理下總共鑒定出41個差異表達蛋白質點,其中施加外源茉莉酸后有14個誘導產(chǎn)生的新的蛋白質。采用MALDI-TOF/TOF質譜對所鑒定的差異表達的蛋白質點進行分析后并功能分類,可將其分為代謝相關蛋白、儲藏相關蛋白、蛋白翻譯和降解相關蛋白、細胞防御相關蛋白、分子伴侶、通道蛋白和細胞壁相關蛋白。3、研究發(fā)現(xiàn),經(jīng)5μΜ的茉莉酸處理后塊莖中NAD依賴性蘋果酸脫氫酶上調表達,可能通過催化蘋果酸生成草酰乙酸促進三羧酸循環(huán)為塊莖的發(fā)育提供能量。茉莉酸處理后果糖激酶先上調表達再下調表達,說明在離體發(fā)育過程中,茉莉酸可能通過影響果糖激酶的表達來影響馬鈴薯塊莖淀粉含量。茉莉酸處理后果糖二磷酸醛縮酶上調表達,說明茉莉酸可能通過參與糖酵解的過程加速糖類物質代謝。在塊莖的發(fā)育過程中,茉莉酸處理后馬鈴薯塊莖中Kunitz型蛋白酶抑制劑上調表達,表明在塊莖發(fā)育過程中茉莉酸有助于馬鈴薯塊莖儲藏類蛋白的積累。茉莉酸處理后肌動蛋白-7下調表達,可能會通過抑制細胞壁的合成和細胞形狀的維持來影響薯形的變化。
[Abstract]:Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) as the fourth major crops, occupies an important position in agricultural production. The potato tuber can be eaten and can be used for asexual reproduction, the formation and development is of great significance to improve the yield and quality of potato tubers. So the study of potato tuber development is a complex process. It is affected by many factors, including light, temperature, nutrients and hormones. Jasmonic acid has an important regulatory role in the induction of tuber formation and development. In order to investigate the jasmonic acid effect on potato tuber development, based on the diploid potato (DM) seedlings as experimental material, through the use of different concentrations (0,0.5,5,50 UM) stem segments of jasmonic acid to induce the formation of potato, microtuber of morphological and physiological analysis, microtuber differences and jasmonic acid regulation research Proteome, clarify the regulation of jasmonic acid in potato tuber growth physiology and molecular mechanism. In this study, the results obtained are as follows: 1. The effect of jasmonic acid on the morphology and physiology of the tubers. Jasmonic acid concentration of 0.5 and 5 um, potato tuber size, but also conducive to tuber fresh dry weight but the accumulation of jasmonic acid concentration increases suppresses the tuber size 50 um and the accumulation of tuber fresh and dry weight. When JA concentration is 0.5,5 and 50 um, Tuberization of potato tuber rate respectively 2.6,4.7 and 5.1 times, the length and width of tuber ratio were decreased by 19.8% 21.9%, 27.3%. and jasmonic acid promote tuber tuber in the period ahead, 50 um jasmonic acid treatment, fifth days begin to form. Tubers of potato starch content in jasmonic acid treatment of 0.5 and 5 um under were decreased by 21.1% and 5.4%, and in 50 um jasmonic acid Treatment increased by 28.3%. by Ja 0.5,5 and 50 m, the soluble sugar content of potato tubers were 1.9,4.1 and 2.9 times. The control of potato tuber reducing sugar content in jasmonic acid treatment of 0.5 and 5 um respectively under 16.9% and 14.2% lower than that of the control, but higher than in jasmonic acid 50 um under the control of 6.5%. by Ja 0.5,5 and 50 um after potato tuber lipoxygenase activity than that of the control were reduced by 43%, 78.4% and 87.8%.2, jasmonic acid regulation of potato tuber in vitro development of proteomic analysis. In jasmonic acid 0,0.5,5 and 50 um. Were detected in 620 + 13.1611 + 19.9608 + 3.1 and 616 + 10.1 protein spots, and different treatments of protein spots detected no significant difference in the 4 treatments. We identified 41 differentially expressed protein spots, including exogenous jasmonic acid There are 14 induced new proteins. By using MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry to the differential expression of the identified protein spots were analyzed and the functions of classification, can be divided into metabolism related proteins, storage related protein, protein translation and degradation of proteins, cell defense related proteins, molecular chaperones, protein and cell wall related protein.3, the study found that by Ja 5 um after tuber NAD dependent malate dehydrogenase expression may promote energy three acid cycle is tuber growth by catalytic malate oxaloacetate. After jasmonic acid treatment to upregulate the expression of fructokinase and down-regulation of expression in vitro development process jasmonic acid, may influence the starch content of potato tuber by influencing the expression of fructokinase. Expression of fructose two phosphate aldolase up-regulated by jasmonic acid, jasmonic acid may explain the mo Through the process of glycolysis accelerated carbohydrate metabolism. In the development process of tuber, the expression of Kunitz type potato protease inhibitors increase after jasmonic acid treatment, showed that the tuber acid contributes to potato tuber storage protein accumulation during the development of Mo Li jasmine. After acid treatment could down regulate the expression of actin -7. To change the shape by maintaining the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and cell shape.

【學位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S532

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本文編號：1591961