本文選題：西葫蘆　切入點：白粉病　出處：《河北工程大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：白粉病是瓜類作物普遍發(fā)生的世界性真菌病害,流行性強,而且頻繁侵染植物,其潛育周期較短。在西葫蘆的生產(chǎn)上,因感染白粉病常常造成極大的經(jīng)濟損失。學者專家們也多次研究防治白粉病的方法,傳統(tǒng)上多采用化學藥劑防治白粉病,但化學藥劑對環(huán)境造成極大的污染,并且成本也高,尤其是還會影響西葫蘆的品質(zhì),食用安全性降低。因此,選育具有白粉病抗性的西葫蘆品種是至關重要的。本研究以具有抗性的西葫蘆自交系BS6(P1)和感病自交系BS11(P2)為親本構(gòu)建六世代遺傳分離群體(F_1、F_2、BC1P1、BC1P2),通過對各群體單株進行白粉病抗性分析,明確西葫蘆白粉病抗性遺傳規(guī)律,并對抗病基因進行了遺傳定位。研究結(jié)果如下:(1)根據(jù)鑒定結(jié)果對西葫蘆抗白粉病基因進行遺傳分析,結(jié)果顯示BS6×BS11的F_1均表現(xiàn)為抗病,在F_2群體中,抗病與感病植株的分離比例符合3:1;BC1P1群體60株,均表現(xiàn)為抗病性,在BC1P2群體中,抗病與感病植株的分離比例符合1:1。表明,西葫蘆白粉病抗性由一對顯性抗病基因控制,命名為Pm-1。(2)利用743對SSR標記篩查親本間多態(tài)性分子標記,其中有68對在雙親間表現(xiàn)出多態(tài)性,結(jié)合BSA方法,在抗、感病基因池間有5對標記表現(xiàn)為多態(tài)性。(3)進一步利用F_2群體的抗性鑒定結(jié)果,對獲得的5對分子標記進行分析,其中分子標記SSR14和SSR237與抗病基因連鎖最為緊密,抗病基因Pm-1被定位在標記SSR14和SSR237之間,距離兩側(cè)翼標記的遺傳距離分別是8.7和5.2cM。(4)為進一步驗證遺傳定位結(jié)果,以F_1與抗病親本回交獲得BC1P2群體為試驗材料,應用分子標記SSR237進行基因分析,分子標記的基因型結(jié)果與單株的抗性表型結(jié)果非常符合,表明SSR237與抗病基因緊密連鎖,可以用于分子標記輔助選擇育種。
[Abstract]:Powdery mildew is a worldwide fungal disease commonly occurring in melon crops. It is highly epidemic and infects plants frequently, and its latent breeding period is relatively short. In the production of zucchini, Since powdery mildew infection often causes great economic losses, scholars and experts have also studied the methods of preventing powdery mildew many times. Traditionally, chemical agents have been used to control powdery mildew, but chemical agents have caused great pollution to the environment, and the cost is also high. In particular, it will affect the quality of zucchini and reduce the food safety. The breeding of squash varieties with powdery mildew resistance is very important. In this study, we constructed a six-generation genetic segregated population of Cucurbita squash (BS6P1) and susceptible inbred line BS11P _ 2 (BS11P _ (2)) to construct a six-generation genetic segregated population, which was constructed by means of single plant of each population. Analysis of powdery mildew resistance, The genetic rules of resistance to powdery mildew of squash were clarified and genetic mapping of resistance genes was carried out. The results were as follows: 1) genetic analysis of powdery mildew resistance genes of squash was carried out according to the identification results. The results showed that F1 of BS6 脳 BS11 showed resistance to powdery mildew. In FStu2 population, the segregation ratio of resistant and susceptible plants was consistent with that of 3: 1 BC1P1 population (60 plants). In BC1P2 population, the segregation ratio of disease-resistant and susceptible plants was 1: 1.The results showed that the segregation ratio of disease-resistant and susceptible plantlets was 1: 1.The results showed that the segregation ratio of disease-resistant and susceptible plants was 1: 1. The resistance of squash powdery mildew was controlled by a pair of dominant resistance genes, named Pm-1.2.) 743 pairs of SSR markers were used to screen polymorphic molecular markers among parents, 68 of which showed polymorphism between parents. Five pairs of markers among susceptible gene pools were polymorphic. (3) five pairs of molecular markers were analyzed by using the results of F-2 population resistance identification. The molecular markers SSR14 and SSR237 were most closely linked to disease resistance genes. The resistance gene Pm-1 was located between the marker SSR14 and SSR237, and the genetic distance between the two flanking markers was 8.7 and 5.2 cm. 4) in order to further verify the genetic location results, the BC1P2 population was obtained by backcrossing FAP1 with disease-resistant parents. The results of genetic analysis with molecular marker SSR237 showed that the genotypes of molecular markers were in good agreement with the results of resistance phenotypes of individual plants, indicating that SSR237 was closely linked to resistant genes and could be used in molecular marker-assisted selection breeding.
【學位授予單位】：河北工程大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S436.429

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