本文關(guān)鍵詞： 牛場(chǎng)肥水 小麥-玉米輪作 土壤鹽分 離子含量　出處：《天津農(nóng)學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整和農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化的推進(jìn)使中國(guó)規(guī)�；膛ｐB(yǎng)殖得到了迅速發(fā)展。但生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中產(chǎn)生的大量糞污難以處理,不合理的排放容易造成地表水體的富營(yíng)養(yǎng)化,滲漏后污染地下水。本論文通過(guò)2014~2016年在冬小麥-夏玉米輪作田,進(jìn)行不同濃度牛場(chǎng)肥水施用和農(nóng)民習(xí)慣性施肥試驗(yàn),研究牛場(chǎng)肥水施用下土壤鹽分的變化,判斷農(nóng)田土壤鹽漬化水平,對(duì)牛場(chǎng)肥水的合理利用提出依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)。主要試驗(yàn)結(jié)果如下:牛場(chǎng)肥水施用后,農(nóng)田土壤電導(dǎo)率較施用前呈現(xiàn)上升趨勢(shì),表明含有鹽分的牛場(chǎng)肥水施用短期內(nèi)會(huì)導(dǎo)致農(nóng)田土壤一定程度的鹽分積累。在0-200cm范圍內(nèi),牛場(chǎng)肥水處理土壤電導(dǎo)率與不施肥處理CK之間存在顯著差異,但肥水處理下土壤電導(dǎo)率均未達(dá)到鹽漬化水平。農(nóng)民習(xí)慣施肥處理CF土壤電導(dǎo)率高于牛場(chǎng)肥水處理。在0-200cm土壤范圍內(nèi),牛場(chǎng)肥水處理土壤電導(dǎo)率呈現(xiàn)先增加后下降的趨勢(shì),在40-120cm土層范圍內(nèi)出現(xiàn)峰值。牛場(chǎng)肥水施用下,土壤pH較試驗(yàn)前呈現(xiàn)增加的趨勢(shì),不同肥水處理之間土壤pH與肥水的濃度成正相關(guān);施肥處理CF土壤pH呈現(xiàn)降低的趨勢(shì)。在0-200cm范圍內(nèi),土壤pH呈現(xiàn)先上升后下降的趨勢(shì),在40-120cm范圍內(nèi)出現(xiàn)最大值。牛場(chǎng)肥水施用后,Na+、Mg2+含量較施用前增加,K+、Ca2+含量不同時(shí)期規(guī)律不明顯。不同濃度牛場(chǎng)肥水處理下,土壤中可溶性陽(yáng)離子含量與牛場(chǎng)肥水濃度成正相關(guān)。Na+、K+含量在0-200cm土壤中呈現(xiàn)先增加后降低的趨勢(shì),Ca2+、Mg2+含量呈現(xiàn)先降低后增加的趨勢(shì)。牛場(chǎng)肥水施用后,在0-200cm范圍內(nèi)土壤Cl-含量較施用前呈現(xiàn)增加的趨勢(shì),牛場(chǎng)肥水處理下Cl-含量隨著肥水濃度呈正相關(guān)。在降雨和灌溉的作用下,土壤Cl-含量在0-200cm土層范圍內(nèi),呈現(xiàn)上低下高的分布趨勢(shì)。牛場(chǎng)肥水施用下土壤SO42-含量隨時(shí)間呈現(xiàn)降低的趨勢(shì),其在土壤中的分布受到土壤pH的影響,在0-200cm土壤范圍內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)先降低后增加的趨勢(shì)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示,牛場(chǎng)肥水施用農(nóng)田后,短期內(nèi)土壤中鹽分雖然呈現(xiàn)增加趨勢(shì),但鹽分的積累不明顯,鹽漬化風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較低,而對(duì)于長(zhǎng)期施用后土壤鹽漬化的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)仍需繼續(xù)研究。
[Abstract]:The adjustment of agricultural structure and the promotion of agricultural industrialization have made the large-scale dairy cattle breeding in China develop rapidly. However, a large amount of feces produced in the production process is difficult to deal with, and unreasonable discharge can easily lead to eutrophication of surface water. In this paper, by using winter wheat-summer maize rotation field in the winter wheat and summer maize rotation field, the effects of different concentration of fertilizer on cattle farm and farmers' habitual fertilization were studied to study the change of soil salt content under the application of fertilizer water in cattle farm during the period of 14 ~ 2016. In order to judge the salinization level of farmland soil, the basis and guidance for rational utilization of fertilizer and water in cattle farm were put forward. The main results were as follows: after applying fertilizer and water in cattle farm, the electric conductivity of farmland soil showed an upward trend compared with that before application. The results showed that the application of fertilizer and water in cattle farm with salt content would lead to a certain degree of salt accumulation in farmland soil in the short term. In the range of 0-200 cm, there was a significant difference between the electric conductivity of the soil treated with fertilizer water treatment and CK without fertilization. However, the electrical conductivity of soil under fertilizer water treatment did not reach salinization level. The electrical conductivity of CF treated with fertilizer treatment was higher than that of cattle farm treatment. In the range of 0-200 cm soil, the electric conductivity of cattle farm fertilizer water treatment increased first and then decreased. The peak value appeared in the range of 40-120cm soil layer. Under the application of fertilizer and water in cattle farm, the soil pH showed an increasing trend compared with that before the experiment, and there was a positive correlation between the soil pH and the concentration of fertilizer water among different fertilizer water treatments. In the range of 0-200 cm, the pH of CF increased first and then decreased. The maximum value was found in the range of 40-120cm. The content of Na + mg _ 2 was not obvious in different periods after the application of fertilizer water in cattle farm compared with the increase of Ca ~ (2 +) content of K _ (+) K _ (2) in cattle farm with different concentrations of fertilizer water. There was a positive correlation between the content of soluble cations in soil and the concentration of water in cattle farm. The content of Na ~ (2 +) K increased first and then decreased in 0-200cm soil. The content of Ca ~ (2 +) _ (2) mg _ (2) decreased first and then increased. In the range of 0-200cm, the Cl-content of the soil increased compared with that before application, and the Cl-content was positively correlated with the concentration of fertilizer water in the cattle farm. Under the effect of rainfall and irrigation, the Cl-content of the soil was in the range of 0-200cm soil layer. The soil so _ 4 _ 2- content decreased with time, and its distribution in the soil was affected by the soil pH. The results showed that the salt content in the soil increased in the short term, but the accumulation of salt was not obvious, and the risk of salinization was low. The risk of soil salinization after long-term application still needs to be studied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津農(nóng)學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S512.11;S513

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 沈仕洲;王風(fēng);薛長(zhǎng)亮;張克強(qiáng);;沼液灌溉對(duì)冬麥田CO_2、N_2O排放及土壤因子的影響[J];節(jié)水灌溉;2015年07期

2 YuGe ZHANG;Shan YANG;MingMing FU;JiangPing CAI;YongYong ZHANG;RuZhen WANG;ZhuWen XU;YongFei BAI;Yong JIANG;;Sheep manure application increases soil exchangeable base cations in a semi-arid steppe of Inner Mongolia[J];Journal of Arid Land;2015年03期

3 萬(wàn)蕾;張曼玉;陸晟;胡凱;;污染水灌溉對(duì)土壤影響的研究進(jìn)展及問(wèn)題分析[J];生態(tài)環(huán)境學(xué)報(bào);2015年05期

4 魯天文;王勤禮;許耀照;呂彪;閆芳;;沼液追肥對(duì)制種玉米產(chǎn)量與土壤化學(xué)性質(zhì)的影響[J];中國(guó)沼氣;2015年02期

5 姜超強(qiáng);鄭青松;祖朝龍;;秸稈還田對(duì)土壤鉀素的影響及其替代鉀肥效應(yīng)研究進(jìn)展[J];生態(tài)學(xué)雜志;2015年04期

6 李淑玲;楊建國(guó);王曉靜;石欣;宋澤萍;;銀北鹽化土壤交換性陽(yáng)離子與水溶鹽離子特征的研究[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2014年32期

7 肖輝;潘潔;程文娟;王立艷;;不同有機(jī)肥對(duì)設(shè)施土壤全鹽累積與pH值變化的影響[J];中國(guó)農(nóng)學(xué)通報(bào);2014年02期

8 楊靜;徐秀銀;;施用沼液對(duì)生菜產(chǎn)量及土壤質(zhì)量的影響[J];中國(guó)沼氣;2013年06期

9 孟紅旗;劉景;徐明崗;呂家瓏;周寶庫(kù);彭暢;石孝均;黃慶海;王伯仁;;長(zhǎng)期施肥下我國(guó)典型農(nóng)田耕層土壤的pH演變[J];土壤學(xué)報(bào);2013年06期

10 靳紅梅;常志州;;追施沼液對(duì)不同pH土壤CH_4和N_2O排放的影響[J];農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2013年08期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 馮潔;沼液農(nóng)用對(duì)土壤和小麥—玉米系統(tǒng)氮平衡的影響[D];中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)院;2016年

，

本文編號(hào)：1551232