本文關(guān)鍵詞： 美人蕉 智能溫室 秸稈 基質(zhì)篩選 綜合評(píng)價(jià)　出處：《安徽科技學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：美人蕉(Canna indica L.)色彩鮮艷,種類豐富,是亞熱帶和熱帶常見的植物,喜溫暖,不耐寒,在我國(guó)均可種植,有很高的觀賞價(jià)值。其根莖可入藥、制棉,葉可提取芳香油,還可造紙。在智能溫室條件下,美人蕉的生長(zhǎng)環(huán)境要求有較高的可調(diào)控性,因此基質(zhì)的篩選就成了美人蕉在智能溫室條件下規(guī)模化生產(chǎn)的關(guān)鍵之一。經(jīng)查閱相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),目前對(duì)美人蕉栽培基質(zhì)配方篩選的研究少見報(bào)道。秸稈是指農(nóng)作物在收獲籽實(shí)之后剩余的植株殘?bào)w。農(nóng)作物在光合作用的影響下,形成的產(chǎn)物和營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)以及各種微量元素在秸稈中有大量的殘留。目前秸稈燃燒仍作為秸稈處理的方法之一,但秸稈焚燒會(huì)造成大氣污染,空氣可吸入顆粒物含量增加等有害情況。作物秸稈若不能及時(shí)處理,會(huì)對(duì)下茬作物的播種產(chǎn)生不良影響。因此,科學(xué)利用秸稈具有較強(qiáng)的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。針對(duì)秸稈利用和處理的現(xiàn)狀,本文以腐熟秸稈作為基質(zhì)原料,以不同的比例進(jìn)行配比,并在智能溫室條件下進(jìn)行盆栽試驗(yàn)。通過對(duì)各處理美人蕉的形態(tài)指標(biāo)、生理指標(biāo)以及基質(zhì)的理化性質(zhì)進(jìn)行分析并進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià),篩選出以腐熟秸稈作為基質(zhì)原料條件下最適合美人蕉生長(zhǎng)的基質(zhì)配方比例。再與泥炭、椰糠、酒糟、木薯渣等以相同比例配比進(jìn)行對(duì)比驗(yàn)證試驗(yàn),篩選出智能溫室條件下美人蕉生長(zhǎng)的最佳基質(zhì)配方。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:1、智能溫室條件下美人蕉基質(zhì)比例篩選研究。用田園土、腐熟秸稈、珍珠巖按照不同比例配制基質(zhì)栽培美人蕉。不同基質(zhì)的理化性質(zhì)不同,對(duì)美人蕉生長(zhǎng)的形態(tài)指標(biāo)和生理指標(biāo)影響也各異。通過對(duì)試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行綜合評(píng)價(jià),結(jié)果顯示:在腐熟秸稈栽培美人蕉基質(zhì)比例篩選試驗(yàn)中,T3(田園土:腐熟秸稈:珍珠巖=7:2:1)、T5(田園土:腐熟秸稈:珍珠巖=5:4:1)美人蕉長(zhǎng)勢(shì)最好。2、智能溫室條件下美人蕉基質(zhì)篩選研究。用腐熟秸稈、木薯渣、酒糟、椰糠、泥炭和珍珠巖等按照一定比例配制成基質(zhì)栽培美人蕉,各處理基質(zhì)理化性質(zhì)和對(duì)美人蕉生長(zhǎng)影響均不同。本試驗(yàn)中,除木薯渣為原料的基質(zhì)配方以外,其他配方栽培的美人蕉均可正常生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育、開花,這可能與木薯渣堿性太強(qiáng)有關(guān)。綜合試驗(yàn)結(jié)果評(píng)價(jià)顯示:D1(田園土:腐熟秸稈:珍珠巖=7:2:1)栽培美人蕉長(zhǎng)勢(shì)最好。因此,在智能溫室條件下,選擇適宜的混合基質(zhì)有利于美人蕉的生長(zhǎng)。本論文研究了以腐熟秸稈作為基質(zhì)原料條件下適合美人蕉生長(zhǎng)的基質(zhì)配方比例;以此為基礎(chǔ),研究了以不同農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物基質(zhì)原料替代腐熟秸稈的基質(zhì)配方對(duì)美人蕉生長(zhǎng)的影響。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:智能溫室條件下,腐熟秸稈作為基質(zhì)原料T3(田園土:腐熟秸稈:珍珠巖=7:2:1)處理栽植美人蕉較為理想;不同基質(zhì)栽植美人蕉D1(田園土:腐熟秸稈:珍珠巖=7:2:1)處理表現(xiàn)出眾,D3(田園土:酒糟:珍珠巖=7:2:1)處理次之。從試驗(yàn)結(jié)果可以看出,用腐熟秸稈作為智能溫室條件下美人蕉的栽培基質(zhì)原料,有利于美人蕉的生長(zhǎng);這也為秸稈在花卉栽培中的應(yīng)用提供了較好的指導(dǎo),對(duì)美人蕉的規(guī)模化生產(chǎn)具有重要參考意義。并為秸稈找到一條經(jīng)濟(jì)性和實(shí)用性更強(qiáng)的再生使用途徑,緩解了秸稈焚燒的壓力。因此,該研究具有較強(qiáng)的應(yīng)用價(jià)值和指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Canna (Canna indica L.) color, variety, is common in subtropical and tropical plants, warm, not cold, can be planted in our country, has a high ornamental value. Its roots can be used as medicine, cotton leaf, aromatic extract oil, also can be in the paper. Intelligent greenhouse conditions. The growth environment of Canna require a higher level of adjustment, so the matrix screening has become one of the key in Canna scale production of intelligent greenhouse conditions. Through reading relevant documents, the present study screening on Canna cultivation matrix formula is rarely reported. Straw refers to plant residues in crop harvest seeds after the rest of the crops. Under the influence of photosynthesis, the formation of products and nutrients and various trace elements has a lot of residual in the straw. The straw burning is still as a way of straw, but the burning of straw will cause Air pollution, air inhalable particles and other harmful content increased. Crop straw if not timely treatment will have adverse effects on crop planting. Therefore, it has strong practical significance and scientific utilization of straw. In view of the present situation of processing and utilization of straw, the straw rot cooked as matrix material with different ratio the proportion of pot experiment in greenhouse conditions. The intelligent and morphological indexes of each treatment Canna, physiological index and physicochemical properties of the substrate are analyzed and evaluated, selected by rotten straw as the ratio of matrix matrix formula under the condition of raw material is most suitable for the growth of Canna. With peat, coconut husk, lees, cassava dregs were compared in the same proportion test, the optimum matrix formulation of Canna grown intelligent greenhouse conditions screened. The experimental results show that: 1, intelligent temperature Study on screening ratio under laboratory conditions. The matrix with Canna garden soil, rotten straw, perlite according to different proportion matrix cultivation Canna. The physicochemical properties of different substrates of different influence on morphologic and physiological indexes of Canna growth are also different. Based on the experimental data for the comprehensive evaluation, the results show that: in the rotten straw the proportion of cultivated Canna matrix screening test, T3 (garden soil: Perlite: rotten straw =7:2:1 (T5), garden soil: rotten straw: Perlite =5:4:1) Canna grow best.2, screening of Canna matrix intelligent greenhouse conditions. By composting straw, cassava dregs, lees, coconut chaff, peat and perlite according to a certain proportion of matrix cultivated Canna, the matrix and physicochemical properties of Canna growth effects are different. In the test, in addition to cassava residue as raw material to matrix formula, other formula cultivation of beauty One banana can be normal growth and flowering, which may be related to the cassava dregs too alkaline. The comprehensive evaluation of test results showed that: D1 (garden soil: Perlite: rotten straw =7:2:1) cultivated Canna grow best. Therefore, in intelligent greenhouse conditions, choose mixed matrix suitable for the growth of Canna indica. The Research on rotten straw as the proportion of raw material conditions for matrix matrix formulation of Canna growth; on this basis, studied the effect of matrix formulation with raw materials of different agricultural waste matrix to replace rotten straw on growth of Canna. Test results show that the intelligent greenhouse conditions, rotten straw as the matrix material of T3 (garden soil: rotten straw: Perlite =7:2:1) processing Planting Canna ideal; different matrix planting Canna D1 (garden soil: Perlite: rotten straw =7:2:1) treatment is superior, D3 (garden soil: lees: Jane Pearl rock =7:2:1) processing times. The test results show that using composting straw as substrate materials for intelligent greenhouse conditions of Canna, is conducive to the growth of Canna indica; it also provides a good guidance for the application of straw in cultivation of flower, has important significance for large-scale production of Canna. Regeneration and a economical and practical way to find more use for straw, straw burning to ease the pressure. It has strong application value and significance of the research.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S682.22

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