本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于CFD的豬舍內(nèi)外環(huán)境空氣質(zhì)量模擬研究　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 豬舍 濕熱環(huán)境 NH_3 擴(kuò)散 CFD

【摘要】：豬舍內(nèi)氣流流速、溫度、相對(duì)濕度等濕熱環(huán)境及氨氣(NH3)濃度是影響豬只健康及生產(chǎn)性能非常重要的因素,對(duì)這些主要的豬舍內(nèi)環(huán)境參數(shù)進(jìn)行評(píng)估分析能有效地發(fā)現(xiàn)豬舍環(huán)境問題,并提供改善意見及時(shí)減少養(yǎng)殖場經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。同時(shí),隨著養(yǎng)殖場規(guī)模及集約化程度逐漸增加,養(yǎng)殖場向外排放的空氣污染物,已不容忽視,空氣污染物擴(kuò)散模擬方法是目前對(duì)養(yǎng)殖場空氣污染濃度影響評(píng)價(jià)的主要途徑。本研究應(yīng)用計(jì)算流體力學(xué)(CFD)技術(shù)對(duì)豬舍內(nèi)、外環(huán)境質(zhì)量進(jìn)行評(píng)估分析,并模擬對(duì)比了不同清糞方式對(duì)豬舍內(nèi)環(huán)境質(zhì)量的影響和不同主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向?qū)ωi場產(chǎn)生的NH3擴(kuò)散影響。研究結(jié)果可為集約化豬場的選址布局和具體設(shè)計(jì)建造提供理論依據(jù)和指導(dǎo)。本研究選取兩個(gè)規(guī)模豬場分別進(jìn)行豬舍內(nèi)外環(huán)境質(zhì)量研究,以計(jì)算流體力學(xué)為理論基礎(chǔ),采用Navier-stokes和Species transport方程組以及RNG k-ε湍流模型,運(yùn)用GAMBIT 2.4.6和FLUENT 16.0軟件為工具對(duì)中國東南地區(qū)典型的限位飼養(yǎng)模式的懷孕母豬舍內(nèi)氣流流速、溫度、相對(duì)濕度和氨氣濃度進(jìn)行了三維穩(wěn)態(tài)模擬,以及具有代表性的集約化養(yǎng)殖場NH3排放擴(kuò)散模擬,研究結(jié)果如下:1)以限位飼養(yǎng)、水泡糞清糞方式、機(jī)械通風(fēng)的懷孕母豬舍為研究對(duì)象,運(yùn)用FLUENT對(duì)冬季舍內(nèi)環(huán)境最惡劣時(shí)期的氣流流速、溫度、相對(duì)濕度和NH3濃度進(jìn)行模擬。模擬結(jié)果為:該懷孕母豬舍內(nèi)動(dòng)物呼吸帶高度的氣流流速范圍為0～0.83m/s,平均風(fēng)速為0.31m/s;溫度范圍為11.5～25℃,平均17.1℃;相對(duì)濕度范圍為35.3%～51.5%,平均43.6%;NH3濃度范圍為1.5～7.5 mg/m~3,平均NH3濃度為4.72 mg/m~3。舍內(nèi)環(huán)境基本符合冬季懷孕母豬對(duì)環(huán)境的需求,不過存在NH3略高、部分區(qū)域氣流流速過大、分布不均勻以及通風(fēng)死區(qū)的情況。根據(jù)該懷孕母豬舍的現(xiàn)有條件,提出設(shè)計(jì)了 一種采用干濕分離機(jī)械清糞方式的豬舍,對(duì)比兩種豬舍內(nèi)環(huán)境發(fā)現(xiàn),采用干濕分離機(jī)械清糞方式的豬舍氣流流速得以減小,舍內(nèi)NH3濃度也從平均4.72 mg/m~3下降至2.63 mg/m~3,整體環(huán)境比之前有所改善。2)以中國東南地區(qū)一所典型的集約化豬場為研究對(duì)象,檢測并分析其中不同生長階段的豬舍內(nèi)NH3濃度,得出育肥舍、保育舍、懷孕母豬舍和分娩母豬舍內(nèi)NH3濃度分別為 6.91±4.59mg/m~3、5.02±3.13mg/m~3、4.37±2.96mg/m~3 和 3.68±2.68mg/m~3�；谠撛囼�(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),將豬舍作為NH3排放源,運(yùn)用FLUENT軟件模擬了主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向分別為東北風(fēng)、南風(fēng)、北風(fēng)和西南風(fēng)向情況下NH3擴(kuò)散情況,模擬結(jié)果為:當(dāng)校正系數(shù)為0.05～1.38時(shí),可認(rèn)為NH3擴(kuò)散模擬與實(shí)測值吻合度良好,主導(dǎo)風(fēng)向和風(fēng)速是影響NH3擴(kuò)散的主要因素,風(fēng)速越大,NH3擴(kuò)散距離也越遠(yuǎn),冬季最遠(yuǎn)可達(dá)700m。該豬場下風(fēng)向處存在人群密集場所,冬季這些區(qū)域NH3濃度甚至達(dá)到3mg/m~3,對(duì)周圍居民的影響已不容忽視。
[Abstract]:The air velocity, temperature and relative humidity in piggery, hot and humid environment and ammonia (NH3) concentration is an important factor affecting the health and production performance of pigs, analysis and evaluation can effectively find the piggery environment problems of environmental parameters of the main house, and provide improvement suggestions in a timely manner to reduce farm economic loss. At the same time, along with the culture field scale and intensive degree increased gradually, the farm of the emission of air pollutants, can not be ignored, air pollutant diffusion method is present on the evaluation of effect of air pollution concentration farms in the main way. The research and application of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology of Ishane, analyze the external environment quality assessment, and simulation the effects of different methods on environmental quality of pig manure removal in different dominant wind direction of the farm produce and the influence of NH3 diffusion. The results can be used for intensive pig farms The layout of the site and the specific design and construction to provide a theoretical basis and guidance. This study selected two pig farms were studied the internal and external environment of pig, based on theory of computational fluid dynamics, using Navier-stokes and Species transport equations and RNG k- turbulence model, using GAMBIT 2.4.6 and FLUENT 16 software flow of pregnant sows limit the typical region in the Southeast China bit feeding mode of the flow velocity, temperature, relative humidity and ammonia concentration of the three-dimensional steady state simulation, and the intensive farms NH3 representative emission diffusion simulation, the results are as follows: 1) to stop feeding, vesicular droppings dung cleaning, mechanical ventilation of pregnant sows to study the object, using the air flow, the worst winter indoor environment FLUENT temperature, relative humidity and NH3 concentration were simulated. The simulation results for the pregnant sows Can animal breathing zone air velocity height range is 0 ~ 0.83m/s, the average wind speed is 0.31m/s; the temperature range of 11.5 to 25 DEG C, average 17.1 DEG C; relative humidity ranges from 35.3% to 51.5%, average 43.6%; NH3 concentration range of 1.5 ~ 7.5 mg/m~3, the average NH3 concentration of 4.72 mg/m~3. shed environment accords with the winter pregnant sows needs of the environment, but there is a slightly higher NH3, part of the regional air velocity is too large, uneven distribution of ventilation and dead zone. According to the existing conditions of the pregnant sow house, put forward a design method of pig manure removal by dry separation machine, a comparison of two in piggery environment, pig airflow velocity the mechanical separation of wet and dry dung cleaning mode can be reduced, indoor NH3 concentrations from an average of 4.72 mg/m~3 down to 2.63 mg/m~3, the overall environment has improved than before.2) in intensive southeast region of a typical China Pig farm as the research object, the detection and analysis of different growth stages in the piggery NH3 concentration, the fattening of homes, nursery, pregnancy and childbirth parent homes NH3 concentration were 6.91 sows in piggery + 4.59mg/m~3,5.02 + 3.13mg/m~3,4.37 + 2.96mg/m~3 and 3.68 + 2.68mg/m~3. of the test data will be based on pig as NH3 emission source, using FLUENT software simulation of the dominant wind direction respectively, northeast, South, North and southwest wind NH3 diffusion case, simulation shows: when the correction coefficient is 0.05 ~ 1.38, can think of the NH3 diffusion simulation and measured values in good agreement, the dominant wind direction and wind speed are the main factors affecting the diffusion of NH3, the greater the wind speed, the diffusion of NH3 the distance is far, far away as the winter 700m. farms leeward existence of crowded places, the concentration of NH3 in winter and even reached 3mg/m~3, the impact on the surrounding residents have been ignored.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S828

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