本文關(guān)鍵詞：豌豆蚜體內(nèi)共生菌對(duì)蚜蟲與寄主互作關(guān)系的影響研究　出處：《甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 豌豆蚜 共生菌 寄主植物 生長發(fā)育 體內(nèi)物質(zhì) 相對(duì)表達(dá)

【摘要】：為了探明Buchnera菌在蚜蟲適應(yīng)寄主植物方面的作用,本文研究了含共生菌和脫共生菌豌豆蚜取食6種常見的寄主植物后,其生長發(fā)育、體內(nèi)物質(zhì)(蛋白質(zhì)、總脂肪、可溶性糖和糖原)含量以及豌豆蚜Buchnera菌16S r RNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量的變化,取得以下主要結(jié)果:1.溫度對(duì)豌豆蚜體型及其內(nèi)共生菌菌胞數(shù)量和大小的影響在16℃-32℃不同溫度條件下,對(duì)豌豆蚜體型大小及其內(nèi)共生菌菌胞數(shù)量和大小的測量結(jié)果表明:共生菌菌胞數(shù)量隨溫度的升高呈現(xiàn)先增多后減少的趨勢,28℃下菌胞數(shù)量最多,紅、綠2種色型豌豆蚜分別達(dá)121.38個(gè)和99.48個(gè),32℃下菌胞數(shù)量顯著減少,與28℃下的紅、綠色型相比減幅分別為44.64%和58.16%,說明高溫對(duì)豌豆蚜內(nèi)共生菌菌胞數(shù)量有抑制作用,且28℃和32℃下的菌胞數(shù)量紅色型顯著高于綠色型,紅色豌豆蚜更適應(yīng)環(huán)境的變化;在25℃、28℃、32℃處理溫度下的共生菌菌胞直徑大于處理溫度16℃、19℃、22℃;豌豆蚜體型隨溫度的升高先增大后減小,最大值出現(xiàn)在22℃;在16℃和28℃條件下,菌胞數(shù)量與體型大小無線性相關(guān)性,19℃、22℃以及25℃下表現(xiàn)出較好的線性相關(guān),而在32℃高溫條件下,沒有表現(xiàn)出相關(guān)性。2.共生菌對(duì)取食不同寄主植物的豌豆蚜生長發(fā)育的影響將含共生菌和脫共生菌豌豆蚜分別在6種寄主植物(蠶豆、豌豆、苜蓿、三葉草、草木樨、紅豆草)上飼養(yǎng),試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:豌豆蚜脫共生菌后若蚜發(fā)育歷期延長、成蚜壽命縮短、若蚜存活率下降、體重減小。在不同寄主植物上同色型脫共生菌與含共生菌豌豆蚜比較,紅、綠色型豌豆蚜若蚜發(fā)育歷期在紅豆草上的延長時(shí)間最長,分別延長2.9倍和2.82倍,三葉草上的延長時(shí)間最短,為1.36倍和1.64倍;在草木樨上成蟲壽命縮短程度最大,紅、綠色型分別縮短38%和44.8%;豌豆上若蚜存活率顯著高于苜蓿和紅豆草;而紅、綠色型豌豆蚜體重下降率在蠶豆上較高,分別下降78.53%和72.20%,苜蓿上較低,分別下降64.06%和58.14%。豌豆蚜共生菌的存在對(duì)宿主蚜蟲生長發(fā)育有促進(jìn)作用,且在寄主植物間存在差異(P0.05)。3.共生菌對(duì)取食不同寄主植物的豌豆蚜體內(nèi)物質(zhì)含量的影響含共生菌和脫共生菌豌豆蚜取食不同寄主植物后,紅、綠2種色型脫共生菌豌豆蚜體內(nèi)蛋白質(zhì)含量均顯著低于同色型含共生菌豌豆蚜21.06%-56.42%,且在苜蓿上蚜蟲蛋白質(zhì)含量的表現(xiàn)最低,紅豆草上下降率最低;紅、綠2種色型脫共生菌豌豆蚜體內(nèi)可溶性糖含量均顯著低于同色型含共生菌豌豆蚜27%-76.37%,在苜蓿上蚜蟲可溶性糖含量的表現(xiàn)最低,草木樨上下降率最低;紅、綠2種色型脫共生菌豌豆蚜體內(nèi)糖原含量均顯著低于同色型含共生菌豌豆蚜25.08%-70.28%,在苜蓿上蚜蟲糖原含量的表現(xiàn)最低,紅豆草上下降率較低;而紅、綠2種色型脫共生菌豌豆蚜體內(nèi)總脂肪含量,除綠色型脫共生菌豌豆蚜在苜蓿和紅豆草上蚜蟲總脂肪含量較同種寄主植物下的含共生菌豌豆蚜略下降外,其余均高于同色型含共生菌豌豆蚜。豌豆蚜脫共生菌后,蚜蟲體內(nèi)可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖以及糖原含量顯著下降,總脂肪含量呈上升趨勢,所取食的寄主植物不同,各物質(zhì)含量的表現(xiàn)不同。4.取食不同寄主植物對(duì)豌豆蚜體內(nèi)共生菌16S r RNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量的影響紅、綠2種色型豌豆蚜取食豌豆、苜蓿、紅豆草、三葉草、草木樨后體內(nèi)共生菌16S r RNA基因的相對(duì)表達(dá)量均不同程度顯著上調(diào)。在紅色型豌豆蚜中,除了取食苜蓿和草木樨的豌豆蚜體內(nèi)Buchnera菌16S r RNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量無顯著差異外,在其余寄主植物上豌豆蚜體內(nèi)Buchnera菌16S r RNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量差異顯著;綠色型豌豆蚜中,取食紅豆草的豌豆蚜體內(nèi)Buchnera菌16S r RNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量顯著高于苜蓿、草木樨、豌豆,而顯著低于三葉草。紅、綠色型均在三葉草上相對(duì)表達(dá)量高,而在豌豆上相對(duì)表達(dá)量較低。同種寄主植物不同色型間比較而言,紅色型豌豆蚜Buchnera菌16S r RNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量高于綠色型豌豆蚜Buchnera菌16S r RNA相對(duì)表達(dá)量,說明紅色型豌豆蚜對(duì)寄主植物的適應(yīng)性更強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:In order to study the Buchnera bacteria adapt to host plants in the role of aphids was studied in this paper including the symbiotic bacteria and removal of symbiotic bacteria of pea aphid feeding 6 common host plants, the growth and development of body material (protein, fat, soluble sugar and glycogen) relative expression content of Buchnera and pea aphid strain 16S R RNA. The main results are as follows: 1. the temperature of pea aphid size and endosymbiotic bacteria cell number and size effect at 16 DEG -32 DEG under different temperature conditions, according to measurement results of pea aphid size and endosymbiotic bacteria cell number and size of the symbiotic bacteria: mycetocytes temperature showed the first increased and then decreased, the number of bacteria up to 28 DEG C, red, green 2 color types of pea aphid were 121.38 and 99.48, the number of bacteria was significantly reduced under 32 DEG C, and 28 degrees red, representing a decrease of 44. compared to the green type 64% and 58.16%, indicating that the high inhibition of pea aphid endosymbiotic bacteria cell number, and 28 degrees and 32 degrees under the mycetocytes red type was significantly higher than that of the green, red pea aphid more adapt to environmental changes; at 25 C, 28 C, 32 C treatment temperature symbiotic bacteria bacteria diameter larger than the processing temperature 16 C, 19 C, 22 C; pea aphid size first increases with the increase of temperature and then decreases, the maximum value appeared at 22 DEG C; in 16 degrees and 28 degrees under the conditions of no linear correlation, mycetocytes and size of 19 C, 22 C and 25 C showed a good linear in 32, the high temperature conditions, showed no correlation of.2. affect the growth of symbiotic bacteria on the pea aphid feeding on different host plants will contain symbiotic bacteria and fungi were aposymbiosis pea aphids on 6 host plants (beans, peas, alfalfa, clover, clover, sainfoin) on feeding. The test results show that: After removal of the pea aphid symbionts nymph developmental duration, adult aphids shortened lifespan, nymphal survival rate decreased, body weight decreased. In the same color on different host plants from symbiotic bacteria and bacteria containing symbiotic, pea aphids red, green pea aphid nymph developmental duration in Sainfoin on time the longest extension of 2.9 times and 2.82 times respectively, the clover on the extension of the shortest time is 1.36 times and 1.64 times; in Melilotus on adult longevity shortened the maximum, red, green type was reduced by 38% and 44.8%; if the pea aphid survival rate was significantly higher than that of alfalfa and sainfoin; red, weight the green pea aphids decreased in a higher rate of faba bean, decreased by 78.53% and 72.20% respectively, alfalfa is lower, respectively, decreased in the presence of host aphids promote growth of 64.06% and 58.14%. of pea aphid symbionts, and differences in host plants (P0.05).3. symbiotic bacteria feeding on different send The influence of main plant of the pea aphid substance content containing symbiotic bacteria and removal of symbiotic bacteria of pea aphid feeding on different host plants, red, green 2 color types and the content of the protein in the symbiotic bacteria of pea aphid were significantly lower than those of the same color with symbiotic bacteria 21.06%-56.42% in pea aphid, and alfalfa aphid protein content showed the lowest the lowest rate of decline, sainfoin; red, green 2 color types and the symbiotic bacteria of soluble sugar contents in pea aphid were significantly lower than those of the same color containing symbiotic bacteria of pea aphid 27%-76.37%, soluble sugar content in Alfalfa on aphids showed the lowest, the lowest rate of decline on sweet clover; red, green 2 color types aposymbiosis the content of glycogen in the pea aphid bacteria were significantly lower than those of the same color containing symbiotic bacteria of pea aphid 25.08%-70.28% in alfalfa aphids on glycogen content showed the lowest, sainfoin drop rate is low; and the red, green 2 color types and symbiotic bacteria of pea aphid in total The fat content, besides the green removal of symbiotic bacteria containing pea aphids decreased slightly outside the total fat content in alfalfa and sainfoin on aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum in bacteria with host plant, the rest were higher than those of the same color with symbiotic bacteria. The pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum and symbiotic bacteria, aphids, soluble protein, soluble sugar and the glycogen content decreased significantly, total fat content increased, feed on different host plants, bacteria 16S R RNA relative expression of the effect of red content of each material has different.4. feeding on different host plants of pea aphid in symbiosis, green 2 color types of pea aphid feeding on pea, alfalfa, sainfoin, clover. The relative expression of RNA gene of R strain 16S were significantly increased in different degrees. In the red clover symbiosis type of pea aphid, in addition to the feeding of alfalfa and sweet clover of the pea aphid Buchnera r in bacteria 16S RNA relative expression had no significant difference Therefore, in the rest of the host plant in the pea aphid Buchnera bacteria 16S R RNA relative expression was significantly different; green pea aphids in the pea aphid feeding of sainfoin in Buchnera r strain 16S RNA expression was significantly higher than that of alfalfa, clover, pea, but significantly lower than that of clover. Red, green type were in the clover the grass on the relatively high expression level in pea had relatively low expression levels. The same host plants of different color type comparison, red pea aphid strain 16S R type Buchnera RNA relative expression was higher than that of green pea aphid Buchnera r strain 16S RNA relative expression, that pea aphids red type is more adaptive to the host plants.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：甘肅農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S433

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