本文關(guān)鍵詞：湘中地區(qū)矮化香椿施肥技術(shù)研究　出處：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 矮化香椿 不同肥料 生長(zhǎng) 葉片 椿芽產(chǎn)量

【摘要】：本試驗(yàn)通過(guò)在湖南湘鄉(xiāng)地區(qū)的大田實(shí)驗(yàn),研究了復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥對(duì)矮化香椿的生長(zhǎng)、葉片營(yíng)養(yǎng)成分、產(chǎn)量的影響,系統(tǒng)地分析了多項(xiàng)指標(biāo)的動(dòng)態(tài)變化特點(diǎn),優(yōu)選出了適合湘中地區(qū)矮化香椿生長(zhǎng)的肥料施用組合,為湘中地區(qū)矮化香椿的栽培生產(chǎn)中的肥料選用提供依據(jù)。主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥的濃度均對(duì)香椿的地徑增加量影響極顯著,復(fù)合肥和磷酸二氫鉀濃度對(duì)老葉長(zhǎng)度、小葉長(zhǎng)度、小葉數(shù)量影響顯著,氨基酸肥對(duì)老葉長(zhǎng)度、小葉長(zhǎng)度、小葉數(shù)量影響未達(dá)到顯著水平。在所有生長(zhǎng)量方面,復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥的促進(jìn)效果均隨著濃度的增加呈先上升后下降的趨勢(shì);在地徑增加量方面,復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥的所有濃度處理均對(duì)比對(duì)照組顯著提高;在老葉和小葉生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育方面,過(guò)高濃度的磷酸二氫鉀不適合老葉和小葉生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育,對(duì)其有一定抑制作用。(2)復(fù)合肥的所有處理均對(duì)葉片可溶性蛋白質(zhì)含量有明顯的促進(jìn)作用;磷酸二氫鉀濃度在0.5g·L-1～1.5g·L-1范圍內(nèi)對(duì)葉片可溶性蛋白質(zhì)含量有明顯的促進(jìn)作用,濃度為2.0g·L-1時(shí)促進(jìn)效果不顯著;氨基酸肥僅在濃度為1.Og·L-1對(duì)葉片可溶性蛋白質(zhì)含量有明顯的促進(jìn)作用,過(guò)高和過(guò)低濃度都不利于葉片蛋白質(zhì)的積累。(3)不同濃度的復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥均對(duì)香椿葉片可溶性糖含量有差異性影響。復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥對(duì)可溶性糖含量的促進(jìn)效果均隨著濃度的增加呈先上升后下降的趨勢(shì),過(guò)高濃度效果均不顯著,合理的濃度選擇可以增加香椿葉片的光合作用,使光合產(chǎn)物增加,干物質(zhì)的積累增多,進(jìn)而提高可溶性糖含量。(4)合理濃度的復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥均能促進(jìn)香椿葉片對(duì)氮元素的吸收積累,效果大小依次為:復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥。復(fù)合肥的所有濃度處理均與對(duì)照組存在極顯著性差異,在各個(gè)時(shí)期均能明顯提高氮含量;磷酸二氫鉀濃度在0.5g·L-1～1·5g·L-1范圍內(nèi)對(duì)葉片可溶性蛋白質(zhì)含量有明顯的促進(jìn)作用,濃度過(guò)高時(shí)則與對(duì)照組的差異不顯著;當(dāng)氨基酸肥濃度高于1.Og·L-1時(shí)便會(huì)不利于葉片中的氮元素的積累。(5)施用復(fù)合肥和磷酸二氫鉀均能長(zhǎng)期提高并且保持葉片的磷含量,使香椿葉片的磷元素在花期和果期不會(huì)過(guò)多的轉(zhuǎn)移和流失;施用氨基酸肥對(duì)香椿葉片的磷含量沒(méi)有影響,不同濃度處理均與對(duì)照組差異未達(dá)顯著水平,不同濃度之間差異也未達(dá)顯著水平。(6)不同濃度的復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥均對(duì)香椿葉片得鉀含量有影響。施用磷酸二氫鉀能在短期內(nèi)使葉片的鉀含量大幅度提升,隨著時(shí)間提升效果逐漸下降,而復(fù)合肥能長(zhǎng)期提升并保持較高程度的鉀含量;所有濃度的氨基酸肥也能在短期內(nèi)小幅度提升葉片的鉀含量,但隨著時(shí)間提升效果迅速下降,較高濃度的氨基酸肥的鉀含量甚至低于對(duì)照組。(7)復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥混合施用均能在不同程度上提高香椿的生長(zhǎng)量、椿芽的質(zhì)量和產(chǎn)量。使香椿豐產(chǎn)的最佳施用組合是:復(fù)合肥濃度40g·株-1,磷酸二氫鉀濃度1.Og·L-1,氨基酸肥濃度1.5g·LL-1,椿芽產(chǎn)量為31.15g·株-1,比對(duì)照組高77.90%。對(duì)椿芽產(chǎn)量的影響因子的大小依次為:復(fù)合肥、磷酸二氫鉀、氨基酸肥,復(fù)合肥濃度和磷酸二氫鉀濃度的交互項(xiàng)對(duì)椿芽產(chǎn)量表現(xiàn)出很好的顯著性。
[Abstract]:The field experiment in Hunan Xiangxiang area through the test of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer on the growth of dwarf Chinese Toona, leaf nutrients, yield, and systematic analysis of the dynamic characteristics of a number of indicators, optimized fertilization combined growth of Toona sinensis dwarf in the area of Hunan, provide the basis for cultivation production in the area of Hunan in dwarf Chinese Toona fertilizer use. The main results are as follows: (1) compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, concentration of amino acid fertilizer on the diameter increment of Toona sinensis significantly affected, compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration on the leaf length, leaf length, leaf number of leaflet length amino acid fertilizer on the old leaf length, number of leaflets effect did not reach significant level. In all growth, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer promoting effect was increased with the concentration First increased and then decreased; in diameter increment, compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer in all treatments had significantly increased compared with the control group; in the old leaves and lobular growth, high concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate is not suitable for old leaves and lobular growth, has a certain inhibitory effect on it. (2 all) compound fertilizer had obvious promoting effect on soluble protein content; potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration in the 0.5g - L-1 - 1.5g - L-1 range of soluble protein content in leaf was promoted. The concentration of 2.0g - L-1 effect is not significant; amino acid fertilizer only in the concentration of 1.Og and L-1 have obvious effect on soluble protein content, high and low concentrations are not conducive to the accumulation of leaf protein. (3) different concentrations of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer on leaves of Toona sinensis Soluble sugar content difference. Effect of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, promote the effect of amino acid fertilizer on the soluble sugar content increased with the increased first and then decreased by increasing the concentration, high concentration effects were not significant, the reasonable concentration can increase the photosynthesis of Toona sinensis leaves, increase photosynthetic yield, dry matter the accumulation, and increase the content of soluble sugar. (4) the reasonable concentration of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer could promote the absorption of nitrogen accumulation in leaf of Toona sinensis, the effect size is as follows: compound fertilizer, potassium hydrogen phosphate, two amino acid fertilizer. All concentrations of compound fertilizer and control group was significantly the difference, can significantly increase the nitrogen content in each period were 0.5g L-1; potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration in the - 1 - 5g - L-1 range of soluble protein content in leaf was promoted. The concentration is too high and The control group had no significant difference; when the concentration is higher than that of 1.Og and L-1 amino acid fertilizer is not conducive to the accumulation of nitrogen in the leaves. (5) compound fertilizer and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can improve and maintain long-term phosphorus content in leaves, the phosphorus in leaf of Toona sinensis in flowering and fruit will not transfer too much and loss; did not affect the application of amino acid fertilizer on phosphorus content of Toona sinensis leaves, different concentrations compared with control group, the differences were not significant, differences between different concentrations did not reach significant level. (6) different concentrations of compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer on leaf of Toona sinensis have effect of potassium content. The application of potassium dihydrogen phosphate in the short term can greatly enhance leaf potassium content, as the time to enhance the effect of decreased gradually, and the long-term fertilizer can enhance and maintain a high degree of amino acid content of potassium fertilizer; all concentrations can also be in the short term To enhance the potassium content in leaves of small amplitude, but with time to enhance the effect of potassium content decreased rapidly, high concentration of amino acid fertilizer and even lower than the control group. (7) compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer application could improve the growth of Toona sinensis in different extent, the quality and yield of Chinese toon sprouts. The best combination of application toon yield are: compound fertilizer concentration of 40g strains -1, 1.Og and L-1 concentration of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer concentration 1.5g / LL-1, the output of Chinese toon sprouts of 31.15g strain -1, were compared to the control factor of the influence on the output of Chinese toon sprouts group: high 77.90%. compound fertilizer, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, amino acid fertilizer, compound fertilizer and concentration the interaction of potassium dihydrogen phosphate concentration showed that the yield of Chinese toon bud is very good.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S644.4
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本文編號(hào)：1384711