發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-05 06:28

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：寒露林蛙繁殖生物學(xué)特征及人工馴養(yǎng)初步研究　出處：《中南林業(yè)科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 寒露林蛙 繁殖生物學(xué) 兩性異形 人工馴養(yǎng)

【摘要】：寒露林蛙(Ranahanluica)分布于湖南省及湖南周邊的江西、貴州等省份。國(guó)內(nèi)外關(guān)于寒露林蛙的研究文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道較少。作者于2015年3月至2016年11月,以郴州資興八面山的養(yǎng)殖基地為依托,通過對(duì)寒露林蛙形態(tài)學(xué)指標(biāo)的測(cè)定對(duì)寒露林蛙繁殖生物學(xué)包括繁殖季節(jié)、抱對(duì)個(gè)體的形態(tài)相關(guān)性、個(gè)體大小的兩性異形、雌性繁殖輸出、種群年齡組的劃分、蝌蚪生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育規(guī)律進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)的研究,同時(shí)對(duì)寒露林蛙人工馴養(yǎng)技術(shù)進(jìn)行了初步的研究,主要研究結(jié)果如下:(1)寒露林蛙的繁殖季節(jié)為每年的9月中旬至10月下旬,繁殖期持續(xù)一個(gè)多月,繁殖類型為延長(zhǎng)式繁殖,產(chǎn)卵類型為一次性產(chǎn)卵,并且每年分四個(gè)批次下山產(chǎn)卵,即有四個(gè)繁殖高峰期,在上個(gè)批次產(chǎn)卵結(jié)束后到下個(gè)批次產(chǎn)卵開始前的期間,無寒露林蛙產(chǎn)卵。(2)寒露林蛙的交配模式為體型優(yōu)勢(shì)交配,抱對(duì)產(chǎn)卵成功的雄蛙平均體長(zhǎng)(50.01±0.56mm)顯著大于不成功雄蛙的平均體長(zhǎng)(47.98±0.71mm)(F(1,51)=1.760,P=0.028)。且在抱對(duì)選擇的過程中形成有利于自身的平衡,體型大的雌性寒露林蛙選擇與體型相對(duì)來說較大的雄蛙交配,體型小的雌性寒露林蛙選擇與體型相對(duì)來說小的雄蛙交配。(3)寒露林蛙存在局部形態(tài)的個(gè)體大小兩性異形,且屬雌性偏大的兩性異形模式(U=203.500,Z=-2.115,P0.05),其兩性異形程度為0.065,二者平均體長(zhǎng)的比值為1.069。此外,通過一元線性回歸分析可知,寒露林蛙雌雄兩性的體長(zhǎng)與體重、頭寬、吻長(zhǎng)、體寬、后肢長(zhǎng)、前臂及手長(zhǎng)、脛長(zhǎng)、足長(zhǎng)呈顯著的正相關(guān),均隨自身體長(zhǎng)的變化而變化。(4)寒露林蛙的懷卵量隨著其體長(zhǎng)(r=0.853,P0.001)、體重(r=0.949,P0.001)以及體寬(r=0.797,P0.001)的增大而增加。此外,寒露林蛙在體長(zhǎng)相同時(shí),體重越大,體寬越大的雌性寒露林蛙懷卵量越多;體寬相同時(shí),體重越大,體長(zhǎng)越大的雌性寒露林蛙懷卵量越多;在體重相同時(shí),體長(zhǎng)和體寬的大小對(duì)雌性寒露林蛙懷卵量沒有影響。(5)雌性和雄性的寒露林蛙各自的體長(zhǎng)與體重存在的顯著的冪指數(shù)相關(guān),其中雌性體長(zhǎng)與體重的曲線方程為y=4.579*10-5x3.127;雄性為y=0.001x2.527。雌性寒露林蛙可劃分為5個(gè)年齡組,其中CⅠ年齡組體長(zhǎng)40.40～48.40mm、CⅡ年齡組體長(zhǎng)48.40～50.40mm、CⅢ年齡組體長(zhǎng)50.40～58.40mm、CⅣ年齡組體長(zhǎng)58.40～60.40mm、CV年齡組體長(zhǎng)60.40～64.40mm;雄性寒露林蛙也可劃分為5個(gè)年齡組,其中Ⅺ年齡組體長(zhǎng)41.45～45.45mm、Ⅻ年齡組體長(zhǎng)45.45～49.45mm、ⅩⅢ年齡組體長(zhǎng)49.45～51.45mm、ⅩⅣ年齡組體長(zhǎng)51.45～55.45mm、XV年齡組體長(zhǎng)為 55.45～61.45mm。(6)通過對(duì)寒露林蛙蝌蚪體重、體長(zhǎng)、尾長(zhǎng)、體高、體寬5個(gè)形態(tài)學(xué)指標(biāo)的Logistic、Gompertz和VonBertalanffy三種生長(zhǎng)曲線模型的擬合得出,體重的最優(yōu)擬合生長(zhǎng)曲線模型有 Gompertz 方程 Y=0.857e-7.185exp(-0.025t)和 Von Bertalanffy方程Y=0.896(1-0.609e-0.012t)3這兩種模型;體長(zhǎng)的最優(yōu)擬合生長(zhǎng)曲線模型為Von Bertalanffy方程Y=14.528(1-0.382e-0.041t)3;尾長(zhǎng)的最優(yōu)擬合生長(zhǎng)曲線模型為Von Bertalanffy方程Y=25.525(1-0.363e-0.025t)3;體高的最優(yōu)擬合生長(zhǎng)曲線模型為Von Bertalanffy方程Y=8.146(1-0.355e-0.025t)3;體寬的最優(yōu)擬合生長(zhǎng)曲線模型有Gompertz 方程 Y=10.850e-1.229exp(-0.023t)和 Von Bertalanffy 方程Y=10.912(1-0.347e-0.021t)3 這兩種模型。(7)通過對(duì)喂食前各組寒露林蛙蝌蚪的體重、體長(zhǎng)、體寬的差異性分析以及對(duì)其中兩組喂食后各組完成變態(tài)后幼蛙體重、體長(zhǎng)、體寬的差異性分析發(fā)現(xiàn),同一時(shí)期孵化出的蝌蚪能通過喂食提高其變態(tài)完成期幼蛙的體重、體長(zhǎng)、體寬,而在自然條件下完成變態(tài)的幼蛙,其體型大小不一。
[Abstract]:The dew of the forest frog (Ranahanluica) distributed in Hunan province and around Hunan, Jiangxi, Guizhou and other provinces. Reported less about R. hanluica at home and abroad. The author from March 2015 to November 2016 in Chenzhou Zixing eight mountains of breeding bases, through the cold Lulin morphological index determination on the reproduction of Rana chensinensis dew biology including the breeding season, with morphological correlation of individuals, sexual dimorphism in body size, female reproductive output, divide the population age groups, development of tadpoles were studied systematically, and the dew of forest frog artificial breeding technology were studied, the main results are as follows: (1) the dew of the breeding season the forest frog for the annual mid September to late October, breeding period lasted more than a month, to extend the breed type of breeding, spawning for one-time spawning, and each year is divided into four group That is four down spawning, breeding peak in batches after spawning to the next batch of eggs before the start of the period, no dew forest frog spawn. (2) mating patterns of forest frog is dew size advantage mating, males hold on average body spawning success long (50.01 + 0.56mm) significantly not greater than the average body length of male frog success (47.98 + 0.71mm) (F (1,51) =1.760, P=0.028). And the balance in favor of its own in the form of holding the selection process, large female R. hanluica selection and relatively large size male frog Rana mating, female dew selection and size the small size of the relatively small frog mating. (3) the size of individual sexual dimorphism exists in the local form of cold dew forest frog and sexual dimorphism, female model is too large (U=203.500, Z=-2.115, P0.05), the degree of sexual dimorphism is 0.065 and the ratio of the two average body length was 1.069. in addition, through a 鍏冪嚎鎬у洖褰掑垎鏋愬彲鐭，

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