本文關(guān)鍵詞：干旱區(qū)壓砂地微咸水補(bǔ)灌對(duì)土壤水鹽運(yùn)移規(guī)律及西瓜生長(zhǎng)影響的研究　出處：《寧夏大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 微咸水 壓砂地 水鹽運(yùn)移 西瓜產(chǎn)量 品質(zhì)

【摘要】：本文主要以大田試驗(yàn)為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合土柱模擬試驗(yàn),分析了寧夏中部干旱區(qū)微咸水補(bǔ)灌對(duì)壓砂地土壤水鹽分布及西瓜生長(zhǎng)、產(chǎn)量、品質(zhì)和耗水規(guī)律的影響;分析了在沒(méi)有種植西瓜的條件下,不同微咸水灌水量的土壤水鹽運(yùn)移規(guī)律,并對(duì)比分析了在相同灌溉量條件下裸地與覆砂處理的土壤水鹽運(yùn)移特征。結(jié)果表明:(1)微咸水補(bǔ)灌提高了壓砂地西瓜根系分布區(qū)的土壤含水量,同時(shí)西瓜耗水量與微咸水灌水量呈線性增加趨勢(shì)。(2)從西瓜全生育期土壤鹽分變化來(lái)看,不灌水處理基本呈平衡狀態(tài);灌水定額為15 m3/667m2處理,0-100cm 土壤鹽分含量增加了 16.90%,呈累積狀態(tài);而灌水定額為30和45m3/667m2處理,0-100cm 土層土壤鹽分含量分別減少了 9.24%和14.72%,呈淋洗狀態(tài)。從全生育期土壤鹽分離子變化分析,HC03-主要集中在土壤淺層或主根區(qū),并在西瓜全生育期內(nèi)各處理平均減少4.47-24.75%。Cl-、SO42-、Na+含量分布均隨土層深度的增加呈增加趨勢(shì),在灌水15m3/667m2處理下,HCO3-、Cl-、SO42-、Mg2+、Na+尤其在0-40cm 土層含量明顯增加,在灌水定額30和45m3/667m2處理下,上述離子在0-40cm 土層含量減少。Ca2+含量在土層之間波動(dòng)較小,經(jīng)各灌水處理呈減小趨勢(shì)。(3)各灌水處理與不灌水相比,促進(jìn)了西瓜的生長(zhǎng)并提高了西瓜產(chǎn)量,其中15 m3/667m2處理效果最明顯,灌水處理增產(chǎn)幅度在20.2-50.9%之間,但降低了葉綠素含量;西瓜水分利用效率隨著微咸水灌水量的增加呈線性減小趨勢(shì),當(dāng)補(bǔ)灌量為15 m3/667m2時(shí),水分利用效率達(dá)到12.3 kg/m3;西瓜的縱橫徑、Vc含量隨著灌水量的增加呈增加的趨勢(shì),但灌水處理也降低了瓜心和瓜周(陰陽(yáng)面)可溶性固形物含量及瓜液pH值。西瓜總酸度、可溶性糖含量差異性不顯著。(4)從土柱模擬試驗(yàn)中可以發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著灌水時(shí)間的延后,各處理土壤水分穩(wěn)定點(diǎn)上層的土壤水分含量逐漸下滲減小,下層的持續(xù)累積增大,并且灌水量越大,表層(尤其5cm 土層)水分變化越穩(wěn)定;微咸水灌溉覆砂處理土壤鹽分峰值不斷向下推移,表層(尤其5cm土層)鹽分呈減少趨勢(shì)。隨微咸水灌水量增加,濕潤(rùn)鋒、土壤鹽分峰值不斷向下運(yùn)移。通過(guò)獨(dú)立樣本T-檢驗(yàn)分析表明,覆砂處理相比裸地處理具有顯著的保水、抑鹽作用。
[Abstract]:This paper is mainly based on the field experiment, combined with the simulated experiment of soil column, analyzed the drought zone of middle Ningxia brackish water irrigation on the yield pressure distribution of soil water and salt and sand watermelon growth, and affect the quality and law of water consumption; analyzed in the absence of watermelon planting conditions, different saline water irrigation the soil water and salt migration law and comparative analysis under the same irrigation amount under the condition of bare land and sand with soil water and salt transport features. The results showed that: (1) the brackish water irrigation increased pressure sands watermelon root distribution area of soil moisture and water consumption, watermelon and saline water irrigation (increased linearly. 2) from the change of soil salinity in the whole growth period of watermelon, no irrigation in equilibrium; irrigation quota of 15 m3/667m2 treatment, soil salt content of 0-100cm increased by 16.90%, a cumulative state; and the irrigation quota was 30 and 45m3/667m2 Daniel, soil salinity, soil 0-100cm decreased by 9.24% and 14.72%, a state. From the analysis of changes in leaching of soil salt ions in the whole growth period, HC03- mainly concentrated in the shallow layer of soil or root zone, and the watermelon in the whole growth period each treatment to reduce the average 4.47-24.75%.Cl-, SO42-, Na+ content decreased with soil depth increases. The increasing trend in irrigation, 15m3/667m2, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-, Mg2+, Na+, especially increased in 0-40cm soil layer in 30 and 45m3/667m2 in the treatment of irrigation quota, the decrease of.Ca2+ content in soil ion between the fluctuation in the layer of 0-40cm content, after all the irrigation treatments showed decreasing trend. (3) and compared to the irrigation irrigation treatment, promote the growth and improve the yield of watermelon watermelon, of which 15 m3/667m2 treatment had the most obvious effect, irrigation treatment increased in the range of 20.2-50.9%, but reduced the chlorophyll content in the West; Melon water use efficiency decreases linearly with increasing trend of brackish water irrigation, when the irrigation amount was 15 m3/667m2, the water use efficiency reached 12.3 kg/m3; watermelon freely diameter, Vc content increase with the increase of irrigation amount, but irrigation treatment also decreased the heart and melon melon week (yin and yang side) the content of soluble solids and liquid pH value. The total acidity of melon watermelon, the soluble sugar content had not significant difference. (4) in the test can be found from the soil column simulation, with the delay time of irrigation, the soil moisture content of soil water stable layer gradually decreased the infiltration, sustained accumulation of lower increases. And the greater the amount of irrigation, the surface (especially 5cm soil moisture change) more stable; brackish water irrigation in sand soil salt peak downward over the surface (especially 5cm soil) salinity showed a decreasing trend. With the increase of brackish water irrigation, soil wetting front. The results of the independent sample T- test show that the sand cover treatment has a significant water retention and salt suppression effect compared to the bare ground treatment.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：S651;S273.5

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 王喜;譚軍利;;中國(guó)微咸水灌溉的實(shí)踐與啟示[J];節(jié)水灌溉;2016年07期

2 王全九;張繼紅;譚帥;;微咸水入滲下施加PAM土壤水鹽運(yùn)移特性研究[J];土壤學(xué)報(bào);2016年04期

3 張?jiān)?楊勁松;姚榮江;;咸水凍融灌溉對(duì)重度鹽漬土壤水鹽分布的影響[J];土壤學(xué)報(bào);2016年02期

4 王全九;單魚(yú)洋;;微咸水灌溉與土壤水鹽調(diào)控研究進(jìn)展[J];農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械學(xué)報(bào);2015年12期

5 吳蘊(yùn)玉;金星;徐元;王鐵凝;邵孝侯;;秸稈覆蓋條件下微咸水灌溉對(duì)番茄生長(zhǎng)和產(chǎn)量品質(zhì)的影響[J];節(jié)水灌溉;2015年07期

6 徐秉信;李如意;武東波;張燕;曹云娥;;微咸水的利用現(xiàn)狀和研究進(jìn)展[J];安徽農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué);2013年36期

7 趙永敢;逄煥成;李玉義;胡小龍;王婧;高鴻永;;秸稈隔層對(duì)鹽堿土水鹽運(yùn)移及食葵光合特性的影響[J];生態(tài)學(xué)報(bào);2013年17期

8 余根堅(jiān);黃介生;高占義;;基于HYDRUS模型不同灌水模式下土壤水鹽運(yùn)移模擬[J];水利學(xué)報(bào);2013年07期

9 陳麗娟;馮起;王昱;魚(yú)騰飛;;微咸水灌溉條件下含黏土夾層土壤的水鹽運(yùn)移規(guī)律[J];農(nóng)業(yè)工程學(xué)報(bào);2012年08期

10 劉靜;高占義;;中國(guó)利用微咸水灌溉研究與實(shí)踐進(jìn)展[J];水利水電技術(shù);2012年01期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 曹云娥;秸軒生物反應(yīng)堆和堆肥改善微咸水灌溉下設(shè)施土壤和黃瓜生長(zhǎng)的研究[D];中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2016年

2 吳忠東;微咸水畦灌對(duì)土壤水鹽分布特征和冬小麥產(chǎn)量影響研究[D];西安理工大學(xué);2008年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 馬小福;微咸水補(bǔ)灌對(duì)寧夏中部干旱帶壓砂地土壤水鹽分布及西瓜產(chǎn)量的影響[D];寧夏大學(xué);2015年

2 蘇瑩;微咸水地面灌溉試驗(yàn)研究[D];西安理工大學(xué);2006年

，

本文編號(hào)：1378249