本文關(guān)鍵詞：甜葉菊光合特性與糖苷含量動態(tài)變化分析及優(yōu)良品系篩選　出處：《安徽科技學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 甜葉菊 光合生理特性 糖苷 農(nóng)藝性狀 優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)

【摘要】：甜葉菊(Stevia rebaudiannaBertoni)又稱甜菊,屬于菊科多年生短日照植物,是一種新型的天然甜味劑,具有低熱能、高甜度,不參與代謝,安全無毒等特點(diǎn)。本文以前期選定的6個(gè)株系為材料,采用隨機(jī)區(qū)組試驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)(以新品種"惠農(nóng)4號"為對照材料,下文簡稱"惠4"),開展不同基因型甜葉菊光合生理特性、糖苷含量在各生育期動態(tài)變化測定及農(nóng)藝性狀的考察,篩選出高產(chǎn)優(yōu)質(zhì)的甜葉菊品系,為甜菊新品種選育奠定基礎(chǔ),為指導(dǎo)甜葉菊適宜的收獲期提供理論參考。主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.農(nóng)藝性狀考察甜葉菊田間農(nóng)藝性狀與產(chǎn)量性狀有著不同程度的相關(guān)關(guān)系。葉長與干葉產(chǎn)量、莖干產(chǎn)量、鮮株產(chǎn)量呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,與鮮葉產(chǎn)量呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。株高與干葉產(chǎn)量、鮮株產(chǎn)量、莖干產(chǎn)量、鮮葉產(chǎn)量均達(dá)到顯著正相關(guān)水平。生育期長與產(chǎn)量性狀干葉產(chǎn)量、鮮株產(chǎn)量、莖干產(chǎn)量、鮮葉產(chǎn)量均呈負(fù)相關(guān),但不顯著。產(chǎn)量性狀中干葉產(chǎn)量、鮮株產(chǎn)量、莖干產(chǎn)量、鮮葉產(chǎn)量之間均呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。在所參試的7個(gè)株系中,干葉產(chǎn)量從高到低依次排序?yàn)?×2B1-16H7惠4Y13-5-1B13-54+。2.光合生理特性變化對照品種惠4與其他6個(gè)參試株系平均光合速率(Pn)從高到低依次排序?yàn)镠74×2B1-16惠4Y134+B13-5-5-1;不同株系平均蒸騰速率(Tr)大小從高到低依次為惠4H7Y13B13-54+4×2B1-16-5-1;在整個(gè)考察期內(nèi)平均氣孔導(dǎo)度(Gs)從高到低依次排序?yàn)镠74×2B1-16惠44+B13-5Y13-5-1;胞間CO_2濃度(Ci)從高到低依次排序?yàn)?×2B1-16Y13-5-1B13-54+惠4H7。3.糖苷動態(tài)變化(1)不同甜葉菊株系總甙含量的變幅為9.43%-17.75%�；�4、4+、Y13、4×2B1-16、B13-5五個(gè)材料在整個(gè)考察期內(nèi)總苷(GT)含量呈雙峰曲線變化,惠4總苷含量最大值出現(xiàn)在花后期,4+、B13-5、Y13三個(gè)材料總苷含量最大值都出現(xiàn)在生長中期。4×2B1-16總苷含量最大值則出現(xiàn)在花期。-5-1材料的總苷峰值出現(xiàn)在生長中期,H7的總苷含量峰值則出現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)蕾期。不同株系總苷含量最大值從高到低排序?yàn)?B13-54+Y13-5-1H74×2B1-16惠 4。(2)在整個(gè)生育期內(nèi),惠4和B13-5的萊鮑迪苷A(RA)呈下降趨勢,RA苷最大值出現(xiàn)在生長初期,分別為7.44%、11.76%;Y13、4+、-5-1、H7、4×2B1-16等RA含量最高值均出現(xiàn)在生長中期,RA含量分別為9.75%、10.17%、10.14%、8.31%、8.78%;所有參試材料RA含量最高值從高到低依次為B13-54+-5-1Y134×2B1-16H7惠 4。(3)各時(shí)期不同株系甜菊苷(STV)含量的變幅為0.26%～8.45%�；�4、4+、Y13、4×2B1-16、-5-1、H7等6個(gè)材料在整個(gè)考察期內(nèi)STV含量呈直線上升,且峰值出現(xiàn)的時(shí)期相同,都出現(xiàn)在花后期。僅有B13-5例外,在整個(gè)考察期內(nèi)呈現(xiàn)高-低-高趨勢變化,并且最低值出現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)蕾期,與它的總苷最低值出現(xiàn)時(shí)期一致。4.不同時(shí)期光合特性、糖苷、干葉產(chǎn)量相關(guān)分析生長初期,甜葉菊光合生理特性與糖苷和干葉產(chǎn)量之間關(guān)系不大;生長中期甜葉菊光合生理特性與品質(zhì)、產(chǎn)量性狀間相關(guān)性顯著;現(xiàn)蕾期,凈光合速率與蒸騰速率呈極顯著相關(guān),與干葉產(chǎn)量呈正相關(guān)但不顯著,胞間CO_2濃度與總苷和STV/(RA+STV)之間呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與STV苷呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān),與RA/總苷和RA/(RA+STV)呈顯著正相關(guān);花期,甜葉菊蒸騰速率與RA苷之間呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān);花后期,STV苷與RA/GT和RA/(RA+STV)呈極顯著負(fù)相關(guān)關(guān)系,與STV/(RA+STV)呈極顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系,與干葉產(chǎn)量呈顯著正相關(guān)關(guān)系。5.優(yōu)質(zhì)高產(chǎn)品系的確定優(yōu)質(zhì)、高產(chǎn)是選育甜葉菊種源首要條件和追求目標(biāo)。若選擇高RA食用型品種資源,B13-5RA苷含量高達(dá)11.76%,收獲時(shí)間應(yīng)在生長初期至生長中期進(jìn)行采收品質(zhì)最佳。藥用型高STV型甜葉菊應(yīng)選擇H7、4×2B1-16兩個(gè)品系,STV苷含量分別高達(dá)8.45%、7.63%,且兩個(gè)材料干葉產(chǎn)量也比較高,分別比照品種惠4的干葉產(chǎn)量高出169.41kg/hm~2和430.90 kg/hm~2,田間農(nóng)藝性狀佳,可以進(jìn)一步區(qū)域試驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:Stevia rebaudiannaBertoni, also known as stevia, belongs to the perennial short day plant of Compositae. It is a new natural sweetener. It has the characteristics of low heat energy, high sweetness, no participation in metabolism, safety and innocuity. Based on the selected 6 lines as materials, using randomized block design (the new variety "Huinong No. 4" as the control material, hereinafter referred to as the "4 benefits"), to carry out different genotypes of sweet Juguang leaf photosynthetic physiological characteristics, in the study of dynamic changes of glycosides content in each growth period and determination of agronomic traits the screening of high yield and quality of sweet leaf strain, lay the foundation for the breeding of new varieties of Stevia, provide a theoretical reference for the guidance of Stevia suitable harvest period. The main results were as follows: 1. the agronomic characters of the agronomic characters were related to the yield and agronomic traits of Stevia. The leaf length has a very significant positive correlation with the yield of dry leaves, stem yield and fresh plant yield, and has a significant positive correlation with the yield of fresh leaves. There were significant positive correlation between plant height and dry leaf yield, fresh plant yield, stem yield and fresh leaf yield. The growth period was negatively correlated with the yield of dry leaves, the yield of fresh plants, the yield of stem and the yield of fresh leaves, but not significant. There was a very significant positive correlation between the yield of dry leaves, the yield of fresh plant, the yield of stem and the yield of fresh leaves in the yield traits. In the 7 lines of the test, the yield of dry leaf was ranked 4 * 2B1-16H7 4Y13-5-1B13-54+ in order from high to low. 2. photosynthetic characteristics change control varieties Hui 4 and the other 6 tested strains of average photosynthetic rate (Pn) from high to low order H74 * 2B1-16 Hui 4Y134+B13-5-5-1; different strains of the average transpiration rate (Tr) the size of the order from high to low for the benefit of 4H7Y13B13-54+4 * 2B1-16-5-1; the average stomatal conductance the whole study period (Gs) from high to low order H74 * 2B1-16 Hui 44+B13-5Y13-5-1; intercellular CO_2 concentration (Ci) from high to low order 4 * 2B1-16Y13-5-1B13-54+ Hui 4H7. 3. the dynamic changes of glycosides (1) the variation of total glucosides in different strains of chrysanthemum strains was 9.43%-17.75%. Hui 4, 4+, Y13, 4 * 2B1-16, B13-5 five materials in the whole inspection period, the total glycosides (GT) content showed Shuangfeng curve change. Hui 4 total glycoside content appeared in the late flowering stage. 4+, B13-5 and Y13 three materials total glucoside content maximum appeared in the middle growth stage. The maximum content of total glycosides of 4 x 2B1-16 appeared at the flowering stage. The peak of total glycosides of -5-1 appeared in the middle growth period, and the peak of total glycosides of H7 appeared at the bud stage. The maximum content of total glycosides of different strains from high to low was B13-54+Y13-5-1H74 * 2B1-16 Hui 4. (2) in the whole growth period, the benefits of 4 and B13-5 of rebaudioside A (RA) RA was decreased, the maximum appeared in the initial stage of growth, respectively 7.44%, 11.76%; Y13, 4+, -5-1, the highest H7, 4 * 2B1-16 RA content values appeared in the middle growth stage, the content of RA were 9.75%, 10.17%, 10.14%, 8.31%, 8.78%; all the tested materials. The content of RA was the highest value from high to low is B13-54+-5-1Y134 * 2B1-16H7 4. (3) the variation of the content of stevioside (STV) in different strains of different strains was 0.26% ~ 8.45% in different periods. Hui 4, 4+, Y13, 4 * 2B1-16, -5-1, H7 and other 6 materials in the whole inspection period, STV content increased linearly, and the peak value appeared in the same period, all appeared in the late flowering stage. Only B13-5 exceptions showed high - low - high trend changes during the entire period, and the lowest value appeared at the bud stage, which was consistent with the period of the lowest total glycosides. 4. different periods of photosynthetic characteristics, glycosides, correlation analysis of dry leaf yield in early growth period, leaf photosynthetic physiological characteristics of sweet Juguang and glucoside and dry leaf yield little relation between growth period; Juguang sweet leaf photosynthetic physiological characteristics and quality and yield traits were significantly correlated; the budding stage, net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate was significant related, related to stem leaf yield was positive but not significant, and the intercellular CO_2 concentration of total glycosides and STV/ (RA+STV) have a significantly negative correlation, and negative correlation with STV and RA/ glycosides, glycosides and RA/ (RA+STV) showed a significant positive correlation between Stevia; florescence, transpiration rate and RA glycoside a significant negative correlation; flower stage, with RA/GT and STV in RA/ (RA+STV) showed a significant negative correlation, and STV/ (RA+STV) showed a very significant positive correlation between stem and leaf yield was positively correlated. The determination of quality and high yield of 5. high quality and high quality products is the primary condition and goal for the breeding of Stevia. If the content of high RA edible varieties was selected, the content of B13-5RA glucoside was as high as 11.76%, and the harvest time should be the best in the early growth period to the middle growth stage. Medicinal type high STV Stevia should be 4 * 2B1-16 two strains H7, STV, anthocyanin content were as high as 8.45%, 7.63%, and two material dry leaf yield is relatively high, with 4 of the varieties were favored dry leaf yield is higher than 169.41kg/hm~2 and 430.90 kg/hm~2, agronomic traits, can be further regional test.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽科技學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：S566.9

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