發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-12-28 00:34

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：氟唑活化酯防治土傳病害的研究　出處：《沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 氟唑活化酯 土傳病害 誘導(dǎo)抗病性 抗病機(jī)理 生理指標(biāo)

【摘要】：有效的進(jìn)行病害的防治是植物保護(hù)研究的重要內(nèi)容。在農(nóng)業(yè)持續(xù)發(fā)展的前提下,通過誘導(dǎo)因子的誘導(dǎo)處理,使植物得到系統(tǒng)獲得抗性是目前較有前景的誘導(dǎo)抗病手段。土傳病害一直是制約我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的難題,針對(duì)我國(guó)土傳病害嚴(yán)重而無(wú)簡(jiǎn)單有效的防治手段的問題,本文以國(guó)內(nèi)具有自主知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的新型抗病誘導(dǎo)劑氟唑活化酯(2,2,2-三氟乙基苯并[1,2,3]噻二唑-7-甲酸酯,FBT)為研究對(duì)象,探索氟唑活化酯誘導(dǎo)植物抗土傳病害的應(yīng)用技術(shù),采用含毒介質(zhì)法研究氟唑活化酯的離體活性,應(yīng)用室內(nèi)盆栽法研究其施用技術(shù),通過氟唑活化酯誘導(dǎo)黃瓜后過氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、丙二醛(MDA)含量的變化對(duì)其誘導(dǎo)抗病機(jī)理進(jìn)行了研究,同時(shí)以黃瓜為材料對(duì)氟唑活化酯的安全性進(jìn)行了探索,主要研究結(jié)果如下:明確了氟唑活化酯的離體、活體活性。5%氟唑活化酯乳油在離體條件下無(wú)殺菌活性,在有效成分15 mg/L和25 mg/L濃度下,5%氟唑活化酯乳油對(duì)上述水稻立枯病rice seedling blight、黃瓜猝倒病 cucumber damp-off、玉米紋枯病 corn sheath bligh3 類病害的的防治效果分別為31.88%～61.91%、56.52%～88.71%和39.08%～63.22%。試驗(yàn)表明通過噴霧氟唑活化酯可誘導(dǎo)植物抗病,葉面施藥方式為病害防治提供了一條有效途徑。明確了氟唑活化酯的應(yīng)用技術(shù)。通過盆栽試驗(yàn)表明,5%氟唑活化酯乳油在25 mg/L濃度下,間隔7 d施藥3次對(duì)植物誘導(dǎo)抗性最佳,施用氟唑活化酯誘導(dǎo)玉米抗紋枯病結(jié)果表明,其持效期在15 d以上。明確了氟唑活化酯的抗病機(jī)理。黃瓜經(jīng)過氟唑活化酯誘導(dǎo)不接種處理、誘導(dǎo)接種處理、接種對(duì)照處理和清水對(duì)照處理,不同處理后發(fā)現(xiàn),黃瓜誘導(dǎo)接種處理后在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)可使PAL、PPO、POD的活性增加,使黃瓜葉片內(nèi)MDA的含量低于對(duì)照。氟唑活化酯無(wú)論接種與否,都能誘導(dǎo)黃瓜葉片內(nèi)PAL、PPO、POD活性的增加,并能降低MDA的含量,誘導(dǎo)接種處理與接種對(duì)照說(shuō)明接種病原菌可在一定時(shí)間內(nèi)時(shí)PAL、PPO、POD活性增加更加明顯以及使MDA得含量降低更加明顯。說(shuō)明氟唑活化酯可通過提高植物體內(nèi)的防御酶的活性以及降低MAD的含量,從而使黃瓜增強(qiáng)抗病能力。明確了氟唑活化酯的安全性。氟唑活化酯以有效成分15、25和50 mg/L的劑量噴霧和灌根處理,對(duì)黃瓜苗期的株高、節(jié)間距、鮮重和干重均有不同程度的抑制作用;以有效成分15、25 mg/L的劑量噴霧或灌根處理,對(duì)黃瓜苗期莖粗和根冠比有促進(jìn)作用,但50 mg/L的劑量處理則對(duì)莖粗和根冠比表現(xiàn)出抑制作用。試驗(yàn)表明,氟唑活化酯對(duì)黃瓜猝倒病有較好的誘導(dǎo)抗病作用,并對(duì)黃瓜苗期的生理指標(biāo)有一定影響。
[Abstract]:Effective prevention and control of disease is an important part of plant protection research. On the premise of sustainable development of agriculture, it is a promising method to induce resistance by inducer induction treatment, which makes plant system acquired resistance. Soil borne disease is always a difficult problem to restrict the agricultural development of our country, for our land borne diseases seriously and no simple effective way to control problems, a new type of resistance in this paper with independent intellectual property rights of the inducer of fluconazole activated ester (2,2,2- three and [1,2,3] two fluoride ethyl benzene thiophene -7- triazole ester, FBT) as the research object to explore the application of technology of fluorine activated ester induced plant resistance soil borne diseases, the activated ester poison media technique of fluconazole in vitro activity, study the application technology of application of pot culture method, through the activation of fluconazole ester induced cucumber peroxidase (POD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), malondialdehyde (MDA) content changes on the induction of resistance mechanism, and explored with cucumber as the safety of fluoride was activated ester material, the main results are as follows: clear fluconazole active ester In vitro and living activity. 5% fluconazole activated ester EC no bactericidal activity in vitro, the active ingredients in 15 mg/L and 25 mg/L concentration, 5% fluconazole activation control effect of EC on the ester rice seedling rice rhizoctoniarot blight, cucumber damp-off, cucumber Damping off corn sheath bligh3 corn sheath blight disease were 31.88% ~ 61.91%, 56.52% ~ 88.71% and 39.08% ~ 63.22%. The experiment showed that the plant resistance was induced by the spray of fluazolate, and the method of foliar application was an effective way to prevent and control disease. The application technology of fluorazole activated ester was clarified. Pot experiments showed that 5% fluorazol activated ester emulsifiable concentrate had the best resistance to plant induction at 25 mg/L concentration for 7 times and 7 d for 3 times. The results showed that the effective period was 15 d. The resistance mechanism of fluorazole activated ester was clarified. Cucumber after fluconazole induced by active ester without inoculation and inducing inoculation treatment, inoculation control treatment and water control treatment, different treatment showed that cucumber induced after the inoculation in a certain period of time can make PAL, PPO, POD activity increased, the content of cucumber leaves in MDA was lower than control. Fluconazole activated ester whether inoculation or not, can increase cucumber leaves by PAL, PPO, POD activity, and can reduce the content of MDA, inducing inoculation and inoculation of pathogens can be controlled in a certain period of time when PAL, PPO, POD activity increased more obviously and the MDA content significantly decreased. The results showed that the active ester of fluorazole could increase the activity of defense enzymes in plants and reduce the content of MAD, thus enhancing the resistance of cucumber to disease. The safety of fluorazole activated ester was clarified. Fluconazole dose spray activated ester of 15 effective components of 25 and 50 mg/L and root irrigation treatment on cucumber seedling height, internode length, fresh weight and dry weight have different degrees of inhibition; in a dose of 15 effective components, 25 mg/L spraying or pouring root treatment on the cucumber seedling and stem diameter the root shoot ratio of the role, but the dose 50 mg/L of stem diameter and root shoot ratio showed inhibition. The test showed that fluconazole activated ester has good effect on induced resistance of cucumber Damping off disease, and has a certain effect on the cucumber seedling physiological indexes.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：沈陽(yáng)農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S482

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