本文關(guān)鍵詞：不同改良劑對(duì)黔西地區(qū)板結(jié)黃壤的改良效果研究　出處：《江蘇師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 土壤板結(jié) 土壤理化性質(zhì) 植物生物量和品質(zhì) 改良效果 貴州黃壤

【摘要】：由于自身土壤特性及其不合理的農(nóng)業(yè)管理措施,貴州黃壤的板結(jié)問題較為突出,嚴(yán)重影響了作物生長(zhǎng)發(fā)育和經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。近些年,有關(guān)板結(jié)土壤的改良研究取得了一些進(jìn)展,但關(guān)于不同改良劑對(duì)板結(jié)黃壤的改良效果的對(duì)比研究還較少。鑒于此,本研究選擇貴州省畢節(jié)市黔西地區(qū)的黃壤為研究對(duì)象,采用溫室大棚試驗(yàn)與大田試驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的方法,通過添加不同數(shù)量的黃腐酸鉀、泡沫砂和竹炭等土壤改良劑,研究不同改良劑及其添加量對(duì)貴州板結(jié)黃壤的改良效果,主要研究結(jié)果如下:1.在溫室大棚試驗(yàn)中,各改良劑均不同程度地降低土壤容重。其中,摻入泡沫砂對(duì)土壤物理屬性的改良效果最為突出。摻入0.23 kg泡沫砂、0.45 kg泡沫砂和0.68 kg泡沫砂處理改良后的土壤容重分別下降了1.85%、5.7%和6.6%。在土壤通氣孔隙和持水孔隙方面,泡沫砂的改良效果較好,這和泡沫砂本身的無機(jī)多孔特性有關(guān)。在大田試驗(yàn)試驗(yàn)中,添加有機(jī)肥與泡沫砂對(duì)土壤孔隙度和持水孔隙均有較好的改良效果。2.在土壤化學(xué)性質(zhì)的改良中,黃腐酸鉀對(duì)土壤堿解氮含量的改良效果最為突出,摻入14 g黃腐酸鉀和21 g黃腐酸鉀處理后的土壤堿解氮含量分別增加了10%和17%;竹炭對(duì)土壤速效磷和土壤速效鉀含量的改良效果最好。3.在溫室大棚試驗(yàn)中,添加黃腐酸鉀對(duì)于蔬菜的生物量的增加具有突出改良效果。在蔬菜營養(yǎng)元素的改良中,添加泡沫砂的改良效果最為穩(wěn)定。在大田試驗(yàn)中,泡沫砂能有效提高煙葉的產(chǎn)量,在煙葉品質(zhì)方面,泡沫砂與有機(jī)肥都有較好的改良效果。4.土壤改良劑黃腐酸鉀對(duì)土壤全砷和全鎘含量均有較好的改良效果,降低了土壤中全砷含量的6.4%,全汞含量的5.3%。摻入14g黃腐酸鉀處理改良效果最為突出。竹炭對(duì)土壤全汞和有效鎘都具有較好的改良效果,降低了土壤全汞含量的20.5%,有效鎘的9.8%。泡沫砂對(duì)土壤全鎘有效鎘和土壤全汞含量的降低效果較差,但對(duì)土壤有效鉛的降低效果十分明顯。
[Abstract]:Because the agricultural management measures its soil characteristics and unreasonable, Guizhou yellow soil compaction problem is more prominent, seriously affected the growth and development of economic crops. In recent years, some progress was made on the improvement of soil compaction, but the comparative study on improvement effect of different modifiers on yellow soil compaction is less. In view of this, this research chooses Qianxi area of Guizhou Province, Bijie city yellow soil as the research object, using the method of greenhouse experiment and field experiments, the fulvic acid potassium, adding different amounts of foam sand and charcoal and other soil amendments of different modifier and improvement effect of the adding amount of Guizhou yellow soil compaction and the main results are as follows: 1. in greenhouse experiment, the modifier decreased significantly soil bulk density. Among them, the improvement effect of foamed sand on soil physical properties is the most prominent. The soil bulk density of the soil treated with 0.23 kg foam sand, 0.45 kg foam sand and 0.68 kg foam sand decreased by 1.85%, 5.7% and 6.6% respectively. In the aspect of soil aeration and water holding pores, the improved effect of foam sand is better, which is related to the inorganic porous properties of the foam sand itself. In the field test, the addition of organic fertilizer and foam sand have better effect on soil porosity and water holding porosity. 2. in the improvement of soil chemical properties, improved effect of fulvic acid potassium nitrogen content of soil alkali is most prominent, the soil mixed with alkali acid potassium 14 g fulvic acid potassium and 21 g fulvic after 10% and 17% increase in nitrogen content respectively; bamboo improvement effects on soil available phosphorus and the best soil available potassium content. 3. in greenhouse experiment, the addition of potassium fulvate has an outstanding effect on the increase of the biomass of vegetables. In the improvement of vegetable nutrient elements, the improved effect of adding foam sand is the most stable. In the field test, foam sand can effectively improve the yield of tobacco leaves. In the quality of tobacco, the foam sand and organic fertilizer have better improvement effect. 4. the soil modifier, potassium fulvate, has a better effect on the total arsenic and total cadmium content in the soil, which reduces the total arsenic content in the soil by 6.4%, and the total mercury content is 5.3%. The improvement effect of 14g with potassium fulvate was the most outstanding. Bamboo charcoal has a good improvement effect on all mercury and effective cadmium in soil, which reduces the total mercury content by 20.5% of the soil and 9.8% of the effective cadmium. The effect of foam sand on the reduction of total Cd and total mercury content in soil is poor, but the effect of reducing soil available lead is very obvious.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：S156.2

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