【摘要】：20世紀(jì)80年代末,西方文學(xué)倫理批評(píng)出現(xiàn)回歸熱潮,但這次的復(fù)興不是要回到傳統(tǒng)意義上的批評(píng),也不是對(duì)道德批評(píng)的重申,而是對(duì)形式主義文論的反駁,是對(duì)文學(xué)作為一種認(rèn)知方式的重新定位。到新世紀(jì)初,我國(guó)文學(xué)批評(píng)界也出現(xiàn)了文學(xué)的倫理批評(píng)轉(zhuǎn)向。在發(fā)展的十余年間,它以倫理選擇為理論基礎(chǔ),提出了一系列批評(píng)核心術(shù)語(yǔ)。實(shí)踐運(yùn)用顯著增加,采用該批評(píng)方法為視角分析文學(xué)作品的文章也在逐年遞增。但與其他批評(píng)方法相比,該批評(píng)方法在我國(guó)起步較晚,發(fā)展較慢,顯現(xiàn)出一定的問(wèn)題。例如:倫理批評(píng)與道德批評(píng)概念不清,直接導(dǎo)致批評(píng)實(shí)踐的混用與亂用,標(biāo)榜運(yùn)用了該方法的文章實(shí)際上依舊是傳統(tǒng)道德批評(píng)的產(chǎn)物,而批評(píng)者卻并不自知;倫理和教誨的混淆,使教誨和審美的兩極對(duì)立變成倫理和審美的對(duì)立,使該批評(píng)方法朝向極端方向發(fā)展;批評(píng)實(shí)踐的誤用和過(guò)度闡釋,相似命題的低水平復(fù)制的現(xiàn)象也逐漸顯現(xiàn)。該批評(píng)方法為我國(guó)文學(xué)批評(píng)提供了新視角、新思路,但在未來(lái)的發(fā)展過(guò)程中,我國(guó)學(xué)者和相關(guān)研究者們?nèi)匀恍枰^續(xù)完善理論體系,厘清相關(guān)概念,不斷拓展實(shí)踐運(yùn)用的廣度和深度,處理、解決好該批評(píng)方法出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題。在我國(guó)今后的發(fā)展中,這個(gè)具有多元性和包容性的批評(píng)方法必然會(huì)不斷顯現(xiàn)其強(qiáng)大的生命力與創(chuàng)造性。
[Abstract]:At the end of the 1980s, the western literary ethics criticism returned to the upsurge, but the revival was not to return to the traditional criticism, nor to the reaffirmation of the moral criticism, but to refute the formalism literary theory. It is the reorientation of literature as a cognitive way. At the beginning of the new century, the literary criticism circle also appeared the literary ethics criticism turn. In the ten years of development, it put forward a series of critical core terms on the basis of ethical choice. The use of practice has increased significantly, and the number of articles used to analyze literary works from the perspective of this critical method is increasing year by year. However, compared with other critical methods, this method starts late and develops slowly in our country, showing some problems. For example, the concept of ethical criticism and moral criticism is not clear, which directly leads to the mixed use and misuse of criticism practice, and the articles that claim to use this method are still the product of traditional moral criticism, but the critics do not know themselves; The confusion between ethics and instruction makes the bipolar opposition between education and aesthetics become the opposite of ethics and aesthetics, and makes the method of criticism develop in the extreme direction; the misuse and over-interpretation of criticism practice, The phenomenon of low-level replication of similar propositions also gradually appears. This method of criticism provides a new perspective and a new way of thinking for literary criticism in China. However, in the process of future development, Chinese scholars and related researchers still need to continue to improve the theoretical system and clarify the relevant concepts. Continue to expand the scope and depth of practical use, deal with, and solve the problems arising from this critical method. In the future development of our country, this pluralistic and inclusive criticism method will continue to show its strong vitality and creativity.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：I06

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