本文選題：心理療法 + 超驗(yàn)��； 參考：《華東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：《雨王亨德森》是索爾·貝婁最為精彩的作品之一,展現(xiàn)了作家豐富的想象力、對人之生存的深切關(guān)懷。本文致力借助賴希式心理療法和愛默生式超驗(yàn)思想詮釋主人公尤金·亨德森從異化到平和的四階段非洲精神之旅:在美國對死亡感到恐懼,在阿內(nèi)維部落試圖充當(dāng)死神來掌控死亡,在瓦利利部落直面、超驗(yàn)死亡以及在紐芬蘭機(jī)場重生般的結(jié)局。亨德森在美國飽受與自我身體異化、與社會他人異化之苦,根源在于賴希所定義的"肌肉盔甲"與"性格盔甲"。另外,根據(jù)賴希的理論,亨德森的精神病癥應(yīng)該追溯到少年時(shí)期的精神創(chuàng)傷,而他的父親確實(shí)在亨德森年少時(shí)詛咒過他、希望在胡鬧中死去的是小兒子亨德森而不是大兒子迪克。父親的死亡詛咒一直籠罩在亨德森的心頭,何況又已年過半百行將就木,這一切使得亨德森活在對死亡深深的焦慮之中,因此,當(dāng)有機(jī)會能讓他暫時(shí)逃離這個(gè)令人窒息的地方時(shí),亨德森毫不猶豫踏上了他的非洲精神之旅。在光怪陸離的非洲大陸,亨德森在阿內(nèi)維部落與王子摔跤、覲見女王、炸毀水庫,在瓦利利部落被捕、求雨、學(xué)獅、獵獅、逃亡。看似神秘離奇、不可思議的冒險(xiǎn)之旅實(shí)際上是作家貝婁對賴希心理療法的化用。因此,非洲之旅便如同一段療程,一定程度上幫助亨德森緩解了與自我身體、與社會他人的異化之感,但遺憾的是賴希式療法并沒有直接回應(yīng)."死亡"這一終極問題。字里行間暗含的愛默生式超驗(yàn)思想才是潛移默化之中幫助亨德森從精神上戰(zhàn)勝死亡焦慮的關(guān)鍵因素,使得主人公最后與自己、與社會達(dá)到和解。小說末尾亨德森懷抱一個(gè)波斯男孩在機(jī)場雪道中奔跑,充滿了平和的力量,給予了人物、更給予了讀者以無限希望。本文主要分為四個(gè)部分。第一部分介紹了貝婁及其主要作品的共有特點(diǎn)(如主題、角色類型、敘事方式等)、《雨王亨德森》現(xiàn)有的國內(nèi)外研究,有助于讀者從整體上把握這本小說;第二個(gè)部分介紹了賴希式心理療法和愛默生式超驗(yàn)思想中與該小說息息相關(guān)的內(nèi)容,論證了從兩個(gè)理論共同視域下闡釋小說內(nèi)涵的可行性和必要性;.第三部分篇幅最長,結(jié)合賴希式心理療法和愛默生式超驗(yàn)思想,詳細(xì)詮釋了亨德森從美國、非洲到紐芬蘭,從異化到平和的精神之旅;結(jié)論部分則簡要概括了論文的主要思想,并說明貝婁通過在小說中化用賴希的心理學(xué)理論和愛默生的哲學(xué)思考,體現(xiàn)了他對現(xiàn)代人精神狀態(tài)的關(guān)懷以及不同于現(xiàn)代主義荒原觀的樂觀人文主義精神。
[Abstract]:Henderson the Rain King is one of Saul Bellow's most wonderful works, showing the writer's rich imagination and deep concern for human existence. With the help of Reich psychotherapy and Emerson's transcendental thoughts, this paper attempts to interpret Eugene Henderson's four-stage African spiritual journey from alienation to peace: fear of death in the United States. The Anawi tribe tries to control death as a god of death, facing the Walili tribe, transcendental death, and rebirth at Newfoundland airport. Henderson suffered from alienation of body and society in America, rooted in Reich's definition of "muscular armor" and "personality armor." In addition, according to Reich's theory, Henderson's mental illness goes back to the trauma of his youth, and his father did curse him when he was young. It was Henderson, the younger son, and not Dick, the eldest son, who hoped to die in nonsense. The death curse of his father had been hanging over Henderson's heart, not to mention the fact that he was dying in the middle of his life, so that he was living in deep anxiety about death. Henderson did not hesitate to embark on his African spiritual journey when he was given a chance to escape temporarily from this suffocating place. In the grotesque continent of Africa, Henderson wrestled with the Prince in the Anawi tribe, saw the Queen, blew up the reservoir, and was arrested in the Walili tribe, seeking rain, learning lions, hunting lions, and fleeing. The seemingly mysterious, unimaginable adventure journey is actually a combination of Reich's psychotherapy by writer Bellow. As a result, the trip to Africa was a course of treatment that helped Henderson to some extent ease his sense of alienation from the body and society, but unfortunately there was no direct response from the Reich therapy. " The ultimate question of death. Emerson's transcendental thought is the key factor to help Henderson overcome the anxiety of death in spirit and make the protagonist reach reconciliation with himself and society. At the end of the novel Henderson embraces a Persian boy running in the airport snowway, full of peace and power, giving characters, but also giving readers unlimited hope. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part introduces the common characteristics of Bellow and his main works (such as themes, role types, narrative methods, etc.) the existing domestic and foreign studies in Henderson, the Rain King, are helpful for readers to grasp the novel as a whole. The second part introduces the contents of Reich psychotherapy and Emerson's transcendental thought which are closely related to the novel, and demonstrates the feasibility and necessity of interpreting the connotation of the novel from the common perspective of the two theories. The third part, which is the longest in length, explains Henderson's spiritual journey from America, Africa to Newfoundland with the combination of Reich psychotherapy and Emerson's transcendental thought, and the conclusion briefly summarizes the main ideas of the thesis. It is also explained that Bellow's concern for the spiritual state of modern people and the optimistic humanism spirit different from the modernist view of wasteland are embodied by applying Reich's theory of psychology and Emerson's philosophical thinking in his novels.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：I712.074

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