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  本文關(guān)鍵詞：影響明朝滅亡的軍事因素探究　出處：《云南師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 明朝滅亡 原因 軍事因素 影響 轉(zhuǎn)型 對接

【摘要】：軍事,乃國政之本,是維護(hù)和穩(wěn)定國家統(tǒng)治秩序的基礎(chǔ)。明王朝龐大復(fù)雜的軍事體系,在長時間地運(yùn)行和轉(zhuǎn)變之后,積累了愈來愈多的頑疾,成為影響明王朝滅亡的核心因素。從明朝中期開始,較為完善的軍事體系在國家內(nèi)外交困的環(huán)境下愈來愈顯得弊端重重。面對王朝盛極而衰的循環(huán),明王朝做了巨大的調(diào)整來抵抗前所未有的大變局,但體系愈是龐大全面,所面臨的問題就愈復(fù)雜,每個小制度的調(diào)整都會牽一發(fā)而動全身,一旦處理不當(dāng),就會將缺點(diǎn)無限放大,傷及全身。分析明代軍事體系自身的弊端,可以從中看出一個王朝從發(fā)展到衰亡的基本形態(tài)和變化趨勢,可以折射出舊體制面臨新事物時的對接與差異,繼承與移植的成效及問題。故本文旨在通過探究影響明朝滅亡的重大軍事因素,深層次地考察國家圍繞軍事衰敗進(jìn)行的改革,具有較好借鑒意義和學(xué)術(shù)價值。全文分為五個部分,主要從明代軍制的變化、軍事建設(shè)特點(diǎn)和軍事思想建設(shè)的轉(zhuǎn)變、新技術(shù)的應(yīng)用失當(dāng)與明末重大戰(zhàn)役的處理等方面來展開,具體分析其對明朝滅亡的深刻影響。明代軍制的變化以兵役制度的演變、軍隊(duì)組織編制的演變、軍隊(duì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)體制的演變、軍餉供應(yīng)主體的轉(zhuǎn)變四個方面為中心闡述軍制變化對國家軍事衰敗的重大影響;明代軍事建設(shè)特點(diǎn)和軍事思想分為兩個部分,分別論述明代軍事布防、統(tǒng)領(lǐng)、補(bǔ)給等特點(diǎn)和明人戰(zhàn)爭觀、儒家思想為指導(dǎo)的軍事思想、選將、選兵的原則、新式技術(shù)的應(yīng)用等方面,通過分析其各自的弊端,得出軍事建設(shè)特點(diǎn)與軍事思想對國家滅亡的重大影響。最后以萬歷年間開始的明末重大戰(zhàn)役:萬歷三大征(東征朝鮮、西征寧夏、南征播州)、明金戰(zhàn)爭、明末農(nóng)民戰(zhàn)爭為代表,挖掘明朝政府在重大戰(zhàn)役上的用人、協(xié)調(diào)、指揮等方面的處理,對明末國家走勢的影響。
[Abstract]:Military affairs is the foundation of national politics and the foundation of maintaining and stabilizing the ruling order of the state. After a long period of operation and transformation of the military system of the Ming Dynasty, more and more stubborn diseases were accumulated. Since the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the relatively perfect military system has become more and more malpractice in the difficult environment of the country's internal and diplomatic affairs, facing the cycle of the dynasty's prosperity and decline. The Ming Dynasty made great adjustments to resist the unprecedented great changes, but the more comprehensive the system, the more complex the problems, and the adjustment of each small system would lead to the whole body, once handled improperly. By analyzing the shortcomings of the Ming military system itself, we can see the basic form and changing trend of a dynasty from development to decline. It can reflect the docking and difference when the old system is facing new things, the effect and problems of inheritance and transplantation. Therefore, this paper aims to explore the major military factors affecting the demise of the Ming Dynasty. It is of great significance and academic value to make a deep investigation of the reform of the country around the military decline. The full text is divided into five parts, mainly from the changes of the military system in Ming Dynasty. The characteristics of military construction and the transformation of military thought construction, the misapplication of new technology and the handling of major battles in the late Ming Dynasty were carried out. The changes of military system in Ming Dynasty include the evolution of military service system, the evolution of military organization and the evolution of military leadership system. The change of the main body of pay supply is the center of the paper, which explains the great influence of the change of the military system on the national military decline. The characteristics of military construction and military thought in Ming Dynasty are divided into two parts, which respectively discuss the characteristics of military deployment, command and supply in Ming Dynasty, and the military ideology guided by Confucianism, the selection of generals and the principle of selecting soldiers. The application of new technology and other aspects, through the analysis of their respective shortcomings. Finally, in the end of the Wanli period, the three major battles of Ming Dynasty: the east march of Korea, the west of Ningxia, the south of Xizhou, the Ming and Jin wars. The peasant war in the late Ming Dynasty represented the influence on the trend of the state in the late Ming Dynasty by excavating the handling of personnel, coordination, command and other aspects of the Ming government in the major campaigns.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：K248

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