【摘要】：3D打印技術(shù)是最近二十年來制造業(yè)最熱門的技術(shù),被稱為新一代的工業(yè)革命。3D打印技術(shù)由于其數(shù)字化、小批量、個(gè)性化制造,縮短了產(chǎn)品的研發(fā)周期,提高了生產(chǎn)效率,更好地滿足了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)需求。在工業(yè)制造領(lǐng)域內(nèi),3D打印技術(shù)得到了飛速的發(fā)展和廣泛的應(yīng)用,但是,3D打印也有一些不足,成型精度不高、成型效率低、力學(xué)性能不高。FDM成型工藝是3D打印技術(shù)中較常見的一種成型工藝,具有設(shè)備便宜、材料環(huán)保、較易推廣等優(yōu)點(diǎn),然而,產(chǎn)品的翹曲變形和臺(tái)階效應(yīng)等缺點(diǎn)還是很難避免。本文通過對(duì)FDM成型工藝進(jìn)行分析,著重研究了不同掃描路徑對(duì)制造產(chǎn)品的成型精度和成型效率的影響。主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:(1)本文介紹了 FDM成型工藝過程的幾種基本掃描路徑。掃描路徑分別是:往復(fù)直線掃描、偏置掃描、分層掃描和復(fù)合掃描等。實(shí)現(xiàn)了對(duì)往復(fù)直線掃描和偏置掃描的計(jì)算算法;復(fù)合掃描是由這兩種掃描相結(jié)合,算法也類似。(2)對(duì)重要的工藝參數(shù)進(jìn)行理論分析和數(shù)值仿真,不同的打印溫度、掃描速度、層厚對(duì)成型精度和成型效率的影響。利用ANSYS的熱—結(jié)構(gòu)耦合分析,得出打印溫度、層厚等工藝參數(shù)的選擇要適度。(3)本文利用ANSYS分析軟件,以長(zhǎng)方體模型為例,探索對(duì)幾種不同的掃描路徑分別進(jìn)行了數(shù)值模擬的方法。通過對(duì)不同的掃描路徑進(jìn)行ANSYS熱分析和結(jié)構(gòu)分析,使用APDL腳本語(yǔ)言編寫代碼程序,得到模型節(jié)點(diǎn)的溫度梯度變化和應(yīng)力分布。分析得出不同掃描路徑對(duì)成型精度變化規(guī)律,成型精度最好的是內(nèi)外混合偏置掃描,成型效率和成型精度都較好的是復(fù)合掃描,為實(shí)際應(yīng)用提供一定意義的參考。(4)對(duì)不同工藝參數(shù)和填充路徑進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,以長(zhǎng)方體為例作為3D打印制造模型,測(cè)量模型的絕對(duì)翹曲值。
[Abstract]:3D printing technology is the most popular technology in the manufacturing industry in the last two decades, it is called the new generation of industrial revolution. 3D printing technology has shortened the product research and development cycle and improved the production efficiency because of its digitization, small batch, individualized manufacture. Better meet the needs of modern society. In the field of industrial manufacturing, 3D printing technology has been rapidly developed and widely used. However, 3D printing also has some shortcomings, such as low precision and low efficiency. The mechanical properties are not high. FDM molding technology is a common forming process in 3D printing technology, which has the advantages of cheap equipment, environmental protection of materials and easy to be popularized. However, it is difficult to avoid the disadvantages of warpage and step effect of the products. Based on the analysis of FDM forming process, the influence of different scanning paths on the forming accuracy and forming efficiency of manufacturing products is studied. The main contents are as follows: (1) this paper introduces several basic scanning paths of FDM molding process. Scanning paths are: reciprocating linear scan, offset scan, stratified scan and composite scan. The calculation algorithm of reciprocating line scanning and offset scanning is realized. Composite scanning is a combination of these two scans and the algorithm is similar. (2) theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of important process parameters, different printing temperature, scanning speed, layer thickness on the forming accuracy and efficiency. By using the thermal-structural coupling analysis of ANSYS, it is concluded that the selection of process parameters such as printing temperature and layer thickness should be moderate. (3) in this paper, the cuboid model is taken as an example by using ANSYS analysis software. Several methods for numerical simulation of different scanning paths are explored. By ANSYS thermal analysis and structural analysis of different scanning paths, the temperature gradient and stress distribution of model nodes are obtained by using APDL script language to write code programs. The analysis shows that different scanning paths change the forming accuracy, the best one is the internal and external mixed bias scanning, and the best one is the compound scanning, which has better forming efficiency and precision. It provides a reference for practical application. (4) the experimental study of different process parameters and filling paths is carried out. The cuboid is taken as a 3D printing manufacturing model to measure the absolute warping value of the model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP391.73

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