【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)教育體制改革的不斷深入,各高校校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)對(duì)寬帶需求、多業(yè)務(wù)需求和安全問(wèn)題等要求不斷增高,IPv4網(wǎng)絡(luò)的校園網(wǎng)已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)目前校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)的應(yīng)用需求。當(dāng)前,我國(guó)下一代互聯(lián)網(wǎng)示范工程(CNGI)核心網(wǎng)CERNET2采用純IPv6技術(shù),為全國(guó)200余所高校和科研單位提供IPv6接入服務(wù),IPv6技術(shù)及相關(guān)的設(shè)備都已趨于成熟。由此,IPv6校園網(wǎng)建設(shè)需引起高度重視,研究和設(shè)計(jì)基于IPv6的智慧校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)具有十分重要的意義。IPv6智慧校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)中面臨著諸多挑戰(zhàn)。首先,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)作為IPv6智慧校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的主要技術(shù),缺乏統(tǒng)一的IPv6通信標(biāo)準(zhǔn),現(xiàn)有的TCP/IP協(xié)議棧不能滿足這一需求,需要一種新型的協(xié)議棧來(lái)解決物體之間、物體與人之間的信息交互問(wèn)題。其次,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)底層的傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)使用的是IEEE802.15.4協(xié)議,而IEEE802.15.4的物理層可負(fù)載使用的報(bào)文長(zhǎng)度非常有限,想要IPv6運(yùn)行在IEEE802.15.4上需要提高負(fù)載的傳輸效率,把報(bào)頭進(jìn)行壓縮。最后,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)底層網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)相比普通網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)通信能力較差,而類似于DHCP這樣的傳統(tǒng)地址自動(dòng)配置方案在網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的通信延遲較高且需要較高的能量和帶寬消耗,因此不適合應(yīng)用在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中,所以,需要研究適用于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的新的地址自動(dòng)配置方案。本文就IPv6智慧校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)中遇到的這三個(gè)問(wèn)題,從現(xiàn)實(shí)角度針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題,在使用6LoWPAN協(xié)議基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種基于三維空間的地址配置解決辦法和改進(jìn)的LOWPAN_IPHC報(bào)頭壓縮設(shè)計(jì)方案。本文的主要研究?jī)?nèi)容及研究成果包括如下幾個(gè)方面:1、基于三維空間的地址配置方案。在該方案中,當(dāng)6LoWPAN節(jié)點(diǎn)申請(qǐng)IPv6地址時(shí),利用節(jié)點(diǎn)的三維空間坐標(biāo)唯一性,將三維坐標(biāo)設(shè)計(jì)成16bit短地址,再將16bit短地址映射成128bit的IPv6地址,并進(jìn)行IPv6地址重復(fù)檢測(cè)。此外,通過(guò)方針軟件平臺(tái)對(duì)三維空間地址配置方案進(jìn)行方針測(cè)試,并與Strong DAD和LISAA地址配置方案進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比和分析以驗(yàn)證本方案的有效性。2、改進(jìn)的LOWPAN_IPHC報(bào)頭壓縮方案。該方案采用上述無(wú)狀態(tài)三維空間地址配置方法前提下,只保留LoWPAN_IPHC中的無(wú)狀態(tài)模式,去除了編碼中CID、SAC、DAC字段,加入GL(Global/Local)地址控制字段,設(shè)計(jì)了一種傳輸效率更高的報(bào)頭壓縮方案,最后在仿真環(huán)境下,與LoWPAN_IPHC報(bào)頭壓縮方案進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)對(duì)比和分析以驗(yàn)證其有效性。3、基于6LoWPAN的智慧校園物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)仿真實(shí)現(xiàn)。以云南師范大學(xué)正在建設(shè)中的智慧校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)為例,設(shè)計(jì)了基于6LoWPAN的智慧校園物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)感知底層采用6LoWPAN協(xié)議,采用三維空間地址配置方案組成星型網(wǎng)絡(luò),并使用改進(jìn)的LOWPAN_IPHC報(bào)頭壓縮方案進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸,從實(shí)際應(yīng)用角度進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了三維空間地址配置方案和改進(jìn)的LOWPAN_IPHC報(bào)頭壓縮方案的可行性。在我國(guó)高校智慧校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)建設(shè)背景下,分析了當(dāng)前IPv6智慧校園發(fā)展中所遇到的問(wèn)題,并從實(shí)際角度出發(fā),提出和設(shè)計(jì)了三維空間地址配置方案和改進(jìn)的LOWPAN_IPHC報(bào)頭壓縮方案,并將其應(yīng)用于智慧校園物聯(lián)網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)建設(shè)中。經(jīng)過(guò)仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)測(cè)試,證明了本文所提出的三維空間地址配置方案和改進(jìn)的LOWPAN_IPHC報(bào)頭壓縮方案具有一定的可行性和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of the reform of education system in China, the demand for broadband, multi-service and security in campus network of colleges and universities is increasing. The campus network of IPv4 network can no longer meet the application demand of campus network. At present, the core network CERNET2 of China's Next Generation Internet Demonstration Project (CNGI) adopts pure IPv6 technology. More than 200 universities and research institutes across the country provide IPv6 access services. IPv6 technology and related equipment have become mature. Therefore, the construction of IPv6 campus network needs to be highly valued. It is of great significance to study and design IPv6-based smart campus network. IPv6 smart campus network construction is facing many challenges. First, the Internet of Things. As the main technology of IPv6 smart campus network, there is no unified IPv6 communication standard. The existing TCP/IP protocol stack can not meet this requirement. A new protocol stack is needed to solve the problem of information exchange between objects and between objects. Secondly, the sensor nodes in the bottom layer of the Internet of Things use IEEE 802.15.4 protocol, while IEEE 8 protocol. The physical layer of 02.15.4 has a very limited payload length. To run IPv6 on IEEE 802.15.4, it is necessary to improve the transmission efficiency of the payload and compress the header. Finally, the underlying network nodes of the Internet of Things (IOT) have a poor communication capability compared with ordinary network nodes, while traditional address auto-configuration schemes such as DHCP are used in the network. Because of the high communication delay and high energy and bandwidth consumption, it is not suitable to be used in the Internet of Things. Therefore, it is necessary to study a new automatic address configuration scheme for the Internet of Things. This paper presents an address configuration solution based on three-dimensional space and an improved LOWPAN_IPHC header compression design scheme. The main contents and research results of this paper include the following aspects: 1. Address configuration scheme based on three-dimensional space. The uniqueness of the standard is achieved by designing the three-dimensional coordinates into 16-bit short addresses, mapping the 16-bit short addresses to 128-bit IPv6 addresses, and repeatedly detecting the IPv6 addresses. The scheme only retains the stateless mode in LoWPAN_IPHC, eliminates the CID, SAC, DAC fields in the coding, and adds GL (Global/Local) address control field to design a more efficient header compression scheme. Finally, the scheme is compared and analyzed with LoWPAN_IPHC header compression scheme in simulation environment to verify its effectiveness. 3. The simulation of intelligent campus Internet of Things system based on 6LoWPAN is realized. Taking the intelligent campus network under construction of Yunnan Normal University as an example, the intelligent campus Internet of Things system based on 6LoWPAN is designed. In the bottom layer of the Internet of Things, 6 LoWPAN protocol is adopted, three-dimensional spatial address configuration scheme is adopted to form a star network, and improved LOWPAN_IPHC header compression scheme is used for data transmission. The feasibility of the three-dimensional spatial address configuration scheme and the improved LOWPAN_IPHC header compression scheme is further verified from the practical application point of view. Under the background of the construction of smart campus network in Chinese universities, this paper analyzes the problems encountered in the development of IPv6 smart campus, and puts forward and designs the three-dimensional spatial address configuration scheme and the improved LOWPAN_IPHC header compression scheme from the practical point of view, and applies it to the construction of smart campus Internet of Things system. It is proved that the proposed three-dimensional spatial address configuration scheme and the improved LOWPAN_IPHC header compression scheme have certain feasibility and application value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：云南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TN929.5;TP391.44

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