【摘要】：在民航領(lǐng)域,物聯(lián)網(wǎng)常被應(yīng)用于機場設(shè)備作業(yè)的監(jiān)測和控制中,以提高設(shè)備運行的穩(wěn)定性、航班的準(zhǔn)點率以及機場的運營效率。機場設(shè)備所處環(huán)境廣闊復(fù)雜,飛機航班由于天氣或人為等因素有著很強的隨機性和突發(fā)性,因此在對設(shè)備工況數(shù)據(jù)進行采集和傳輸?shù)臅r候面臨著很大的挑戰(zhàn)。在無線傳感器節(jié)點儲能、網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)載有限的條件下,文章針對機場設(shè)備監(jiān)控?zé)o線網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由層,如何選擇合理的路由方式,有效且準(zhǔn)確地將數(shù)據(jù)傳輸至上位機進行研究。首先提出基于物聯(lián)網(wǎng)的機坪設(shè)備工況監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)架構(gòu);其次對LEACH協(xié)議進行優(yōu)化,通過選擇合理的簇頭節(jié)點轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)簇內(nèi)節(jié)點數(shù)據(jù),采用基于分簇的數(shù)據(jù)融合方法,減少WSN中過多的冗余數(shù)據(jù)。MATLAB仿真說明優(yōu)化后算法能更好地提高各節(jié)點的數(shù)據(jù)通信量,進而延長各節(jié)點的存活時間,保證機坪設(shè)備工況監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)的可靠性。針對民航機坪設(shè)備監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)中存在過量數(shù)據(jù)分組,造成數(shù)據(jù)擁塞和網(wǎng)絡(luò)時延等問題,提出基于機會轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)的CRAMP路由算法。緊密結(jié)合機坪實際生產(chǎn)情況和場景建立數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)先級體系模型,在消息副本的數(shù)量控制、傳送、緩存與釋放等過程中都考慮進數(shù)據(jù)優(yōu)先級等元素。結(jié)合車載節(jié)點的移動路線和方向模型,選擇合適的下一跳節(jié)點。ONE驗證表明,優(yōu)化后的算法能有效減緩消息副本數(shù)量過多造成的數(shù)據(jù)冗余,降低通信時延和網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由開銷。文章通過優(yōu)化網(wǎng)絡(luò)路由算法,提升機場地面設(shè)備監(jiān)控網(wǎng)絡(luò)的節(jié)點能效和網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能,使機坪設(shè)備工況數(shù)據(jù)及時準(zhǔn)確地傳輸至上位機,為整個工況監(jiān)控系統(tǒng)提供可靠的通信保障,具有一定的實用性與參考價值。
[Abstract]:In the field of civil aviation, the Internet of things is often used in the monitoring and control of airport equipment operations, in order to improve the stability of equipment operation, flight punctuality and airport operation efficiency. The airport equipment is located in a wide and complex environment. Because of the strong randomness and sudden occurrence of the aircraft flight due to weather or human factors, it is faced with great challenges when collecting and transmitting the data of the equipment operating conditions. Under the condition of wireless sensor node energy storage and limited network load, this paper studies how to select a reasonable routing method for airport equipment monitoring wireless network routing layer and transfer data to the host computer effectively and accurately. First of all, this paper puts forward the network architecture of platform equipment condition monitoring based on Internet of things. Secondly, the LEACH protocol is optimized, and the data fusion method based on clustering is adopted by selecting reasonable cluster head node to forward the data of intra-cluster node. The simulation shows that the optimized algorithm can improve the data traffic of each node, prolong the survival time of each node, and ensure the reliability of the monitoring system of platform equipment. A CRAMP routing algorithm based on opportunistic forwarding is proposed to solve the problems of excessive data packet, data congestion and network delay in civil aviation platform equipment monitoring network. The data priority system model is established in close combination with the actual production situation and scene of the aerodrome, and the data priority elements are taken into account in the control, transmission, cache and release of message replicas. Combined with the mobile route and direction model of vehicle nodes, the selection of appropriate next hop node. One verification shows that the optimized algorithm can effectively reduce the data redundancy caused by the excessive number of message replicas, and reduce the communication delay and network routing overhead. By optimizing the network routing algorithm, the paper improves the node energy efficiency and network performance of the airport ground equipment monitoring network, and makes the working condition data of the aerodrome equipment transmit to the upper computer in time and accurately, thus providing reliable communication guarantee for the whole operating condition monitoring system. It has certain practicability and reference value.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：V351.3;TP277

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