本文選題：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡 + MAC協(xié)議��； 參考：《云南財經(jīng)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(WSN)是一門具有高度發(fā)展?jié)摿Φ膽脤W科,被認為是二十一世紀最為熱點的研究領域之一。無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡拓展了人們的信息獲取能力,能夠為人們提供最為直接、準確、真實的信息,因此具有十分廣泛的應用前景,能應用于軍事國防、工農業(yè)控制、智慧城市、生物醫(yī)療、環(huán)境監(jiān)測、危險區(qū)域遠程控制等諸多領域。而無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡中的MAC(介質訪問控制層)協(xié)議對于無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡性能有著直接的影響,故而許多研究人員專注于對MAC協(xié)議的研究。MAC協(xié)議通常有隨機多址和輪詢系統(tǒng)兩種控制方式,輪詢系統(tǒng)由于其公平性、控制的有效性,在計算機、通信、工業(yè)制造等方面有著廣泛的應用,本文針對于輪詢系統(tǒng)進行研究。輪詢系統(tǒng)一般由一個服務器和N個隊列構成,主要分為門限、完全和限定k)1((28)三類服務系統(tǒng),輪詢系統(tǒng)的優(yōu)化和改進一般從查詢順序、服務策略等方面進行。另外伴隨著無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡技術的發(fā)展,在軟件方面出現(xiàn)了大量開源的、半開源的以及商業(yè)應用的無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡操作系統(tǒng),在硬件方面出現(xiàn)了許多面向無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡應用的廉價、低功耗、高性能微處理器。本文在對現(xiàn)有無線傳感器網(wǎng)絡MAC協(xié)議進行深入分析的基礎上,結合輪詢控制的思想,提出一種區(qū)分優(yōu)先級的輪詢控制MAC協(xié)議,以實際的硬件節(jié)點來探究MAC層協(xié)議改進和對其性能的驗證。本文基于此做了以下的研究:1、研究了門限、完全、限定k)1((28)三類輪詢系統(tǒng)的數(shù)學模型,通過嵌入式馬爾可夫鏈和概率母函數(shù)的方法,對三類系統(tǒng)的平均排隊隊長、平均時延展開分析。2、基于TinyOS的MAC協(xié)議設計,在IEEE 802.15.4 MAC協(xié)議的基礎上進行設計,設計了一種以超幀為周期的MAC幀結構,對系統(tǒng)工作過程中的輪詢控制功能進行了設計。3、開發(fā)并實施了門限、完全、限定k)1((28)三類輪詢系統(tǒng),以CC2538節(jié)點作為硬件平臺,以TinyOS作為軟件平臺,結合改進的MAC幀在實驗平臺上進行實施,通過計算分析三類輪詢系統(tǒng)的實驗值與建立的數(shù)學模型理論值比較,結果表明建立的數(shù)學模型精確分析了三類輪詢系統(tǒng)的指標。4、研究了區(qū)分優(yōu)先級的輪詢控制系統(tǒng),對區(qū)分優(yōu)先級的輪詢控制系統(tǒng)建立數(shù)學模型并且在實驗平臺上實施了該系統(tǒng),高優(yōu)先級節(jié)點使用完全服務方式,低優(yōu)先級節(jié)點使用門限服務方式,在MAC幀結構中添加優(yōu)先級別字段標識節(jié)點的優(yōu)先級別,最終將計算得到的系統(tǒng)平均排隊隊長和平均時延理論值和實驗值與門限、完全、限定k)1((28)三類輪詢系統(tǒng)進行比較,實驗結果表明區(qū)分優(yōu)先級的輪詢控制系統(tǒng)有效的區(qū)分了中心高優(yōu)先級節(jié)點和低優(yōu)先級節(jié)點,能夠保證高優(yōu)先級節(jié)點的服務質量,同時低優(yōu)先級節(jié)點也得到了一定程度的優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is an application subject with high development potential and is considered to be one of the hottest research fields in the 21 century. Wireless sensor network (WSN) expands people's ability to obtain information, and can provide people with the most direct, accurate and true information, so it has a very wide application prospect, and can be used in military defense, industrial and agricultural control, intelligent cities. Biomedicine, environmental monitoring, remote control of dangerous areas and many other fields. The MAC (medium access Control layer) protocol in wireless sensor networks has a direct impact on the performance of wireless sensor networks. Therefore, many researchers focus on the research of MAC protocol. The MAC protocol usually has two kinds of control methods: random multiple access protocol and polling system. Polling system because of its fairness, control effectiveness, in computer, communication, Industrial manufacturing has a wide range of applications, this paper studies polling system. Polling system is generally composed of a server and N queues, which is mainly divided into three types of service systems: threshold, complete and limited, and the optimization and improvement of polling system are generally carried out from the aspects of query order, service strategy and so on. In addition, with the development of wireless sensor network technology, a large number of open source, semi-open source and commercial wireless sensor network operating systems have emerged in software. There are many low-cost, low-power and high-performance microprocessors for wireless sensor network applications in hardware. Based on the in-depth analysis of the existing MAC protocols in wireless sensor networks and the idea of polling control, this paper proposes a priority polling control MAC protocol. The hardware node is used to explore the improvement of MAC layer protocol and its performance verification. In this paper, we do the following research: 1, and study the mathematical models of three kinds of polling systems: threshold, complete, and limit K1 / 28. By using the method of embedded Markov chain and probabilistic generating function, we study the average queue length of the three kinds of systems. The analysis of average delay expansion. 2. The design of MAC protocol based on TinyOS, and the design of MAC frame structure based on IEEE 802.15.4 MAC protocol. The polling control function in the working process of the system is designed. 3. Three kinds of polling systems are developed and implemented. The CC2538 node is used as the hardware platform and the TinyOS as the software platform. The improved MAC frame is implemented on the experimental platform. By calculating and analyzing the experimental values of the three polling systems, the theoretical values of the mathematical model are compared. The results show that the established mathematical model accurately analyzes the indexes of three kinds of polling systems. 4. The polling control system with differentiated priorities is studied. The mathematical model of polling control system with different priorities is established and the system is implemented on the experimental platform. The high priority node uses full service mode, the low priority node uses the threshold service mode, and the priority level field is added to the MAC frame structure to identify the priority level of the node. Finally, the calculated theoretical and experimental values of the average queue length and average delay are compared with the threshold. The experimental results show that the polling control system can effectively distinguish the central high priority node from the low priority node, which can guarantee the quality of service of the high priority node, and at the same time, the low priority node can be optimized to a certain extent.
【學位授予單位】：云南財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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