安全遮攔搬運(yùn)機(jī)器人優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)及其控制算法研究
本文選題:搬運(yùn)機(jī)器人 + 移動(dòng)機(jī)械臂; 參考:《中國民航大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文
【摘要】:隨著移動(dòng)機(jī)器人技術(shù)的發(fā)展,帶有機(jī)械臂的搬運(yùn)機(jī)器人成為人們研究的技術(shù)熱點(diǎn)。機(jī)場航站樓等公共場所在客流高峰時(shí)段會(huì)利用安全遮攔疏導(dǎo)人流、規(guī)范秩序。針對(duì)安全遮攔需求量多、不易搬運(yùn)等問題,本課題設(shè)計(jì)了一款安全遮攔搬運(yùn)機(jī)器人,可以實(shí)現(xiàn)自主搬運(yùn)、收放并且合理布置安全遮攔的功能。根據(jù)安全遮攔的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式和工作任務(wù)要求,采用圓柱坐標(biāo)式機(jī)械臂結(jié)構(gòu),分析機(jī)械臂的各個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)和移動(dòng)平臺(tái)的結(jié)構(gòu)及其工作原理,對(duì)各模塊的驅(qū)動(dòng)電機(jī)進(jìn)行動(dòng)力學(xué)性能匹配。利用靜力學(xué)仿真,模擬在工作狀態(tài)時(shí)機(jī)械臂結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)力分布和變形程度,驗(yàn)證設(shè)計(jì)方案的合理有效性。結(jié)合改進(jìn)的機(jī)械臂,建立運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)模型,通過運(yùn)動(dòng)學(xué)正解計(jì)算末端執(zhí)行器的工作范圍。結(jié)合機(jī)械臂的工作流程,對(duì)機(jī)械臂進(jìn)行關(guān)節(jié)空間軌跡規(guī)劃,通過MATLAB仿真得到機(jī)械臂末端的空間運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡和各個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)的運(yùn)動(dòng)曲線。針對(duì)搬運(yùn)機(jī)器人在較少磁帶引導(dǎo)過程中存在的路徑偏差,設(shè)計(jì)了一種基于模糊迭代學(xué)習(xí)的路徑糾偏控制器。結(jié)合六輪中驅(qū)差速式移動(dòng)平臺(tái),設(shè)計(jì)基于“粗磁帶定位”和“精確磁帶定位”的路徑偏差定位系統(tǒng),利用模糊迭代學(xué)習(xí)糾正不同轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑的路徑偏差。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明該控制方法可以實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)器人精確定位和循跡跟蹤;赑C+PLC控制系統(tǒng),搭建搬運(yùn)機(jī)器人實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證平臺(tái)。PC上位機(jī)用于接收和處理傳感器信息,給PLC發(fā)送相應(yīng)指令,PLC主要完成機(jī)械臂的軌跡規(guī)劃和移動(dòng)平臺(tái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)控制,F(xiàn)場實(shí)驗(yàn)測試表明該方案可以實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械臂合理的運(yùn)動(dòng)規(guī)劃和移動(dòng)平臺(tái)在極少磁帶下的循跡,能夠自主高效地完成放置、回收安全遮攔的工作任務(wù)。
[Abstract]:With the development of mobile robot technology, moving robot with robot arm has become the focus of research.Airport terminal and other public places will use safety to clear the passenger flow and regulate the order during the rush hour.In order to solve the problems such as high demand for safe blocking and difficult to carry, this paper designs a safe sheltering and handling robot, which can realize the function of self-handling, receiving and reasonably arranging safe blocking.According to the special structure form and work task requirement of safety shielding, the structure and working principle of each joint and moving platform of the manipulator are analyzed by using the cylindrical coordinate structure of the manipulator.The dynamic performance of the driving motor of each module is matched.The stress distribution and deformation degree of the manipulator structure are simulated by static simulation, and the validity of the design scheme is verified.Combined with the improved manipulator, the kinematics model is established, and the working range of the end actuator is calculated by the kinematics forward solution.Combined with the work flow of the manipulator, the joint space trajectory of the manipulator is planned, and the space motion trajectory of the end of the manipulator and the motion curve of each joint are obtained by MATLAB simulation.A path correction controller based on fuzzy iterative learning is designed for the path deviation of the handling robot in the process of less tape guidance.Combined with the six-wheel drive differential mobile platform, a path deviation positioning system based on "coarse tape positioning" and "accurate tape positioning" is designed, and the path deviation with different turning radius is corrected by fuzzy iterative learning.The experimental results show that the proposed control method can realize the precise localization and tracking of the robot.Based on PC PLC control system, an experimental verification platform for moving robot is built. PC is used to receive and process sensor information, and the corresponding instruction is sent to PLC to complete the trajectory planning of the manipulator and the motion control of the mobile platform.The field test shows that the scheme can realize the reasonable motion planning of the manipulator and the tracking of the mobile platform under very few tapes, and it can accomplish the task of placing and recovering the safe shelter independently and efficiently.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:中國民航大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:TP242
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