本文關(guān)鍵詞： 奶牛 體征檢測 傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn) 協(xié)調(diào)器節(jié)點(diǎn) ZigBee 溫度傳感器 三軸加速度傳感器　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在傳統(tǒng)奶牛飼養(yǎng)過程中,一般通過人力低效率飼養(yǎng),只能夠通過飼養(yǎng)員發(fā)現(xiàn)和記錄奶牛的成長、患病、妊娠和發(fā)情等身體特征數(shù)據(jù)。然而,隨著規(guī)�；⒓s化養(yǎng)殖的快速發(fā)展,傳統(tǒng)方式無法準(zhǔn)確測知牛只個(gè)體身體特征數(shù)據(jù),且遺漏數(shù)據(jù)或因個(gè)人經(jīng)驗(yàn)判斷失誤導(dǎo)致做出錯誤決策的情況時(shí)有發(fā)生。國內(nèi)外研究基于無線傳感器的奶牛體征信息檢測及健康管理系統(tǒng),并取得了許多成果,但目前仍存在體溫?cái)?shù)據(jù)不準(zhǔn)確、節(jié)點(diǎn)體積較大等問題。為了實(shí)現(xiàn)奶牛體溫、運(yùn)動量等體征信息的實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測,本文研究基于ZigBee的奶牛體征監(jiān)測節(jié)點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì),擬部署在奶牛畜牧場中,利用傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測每只奶牛的信息,經(jīng)路由節(jié)點(diǎn)將數(shù)據(jù)通過串口上傳至PC進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)處理,匯集每頭牛的實(shí)時(shí)數(shù)據(jù),可為養(yǎng)殖者提供決策依據(jù)。本文的主要工作和結(jié)論如下:(1)在對比、分析常見無線組網(wǎng)技術(shù)優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)的基礎(chǔ),確定了硬件軟件系統(tǒng)的奶牛體征數(shù)據(jù)采集方案。采用基于2.4GHz頻段的CC2530芯片作為實(shí)現(xiàn)整個(gè)網(wǎng)絡(luò)自組網(wǎng)的核心芯片,負(fù)責(zé)網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)的發(fā)送和接收,并且針對溫度傳感器及三軸加速度傳感器的應(yīng)用場景進(jìn)行了選型,對傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件和協(xié)調(diào)器節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件的相關(guān)技術(shù)要求進(jìn)行了論述。(2)設(shè)計(jì)、開發(fā)了奶牛運(yùn)動與體征監(jiān)測節(jié)點(diǎn)。詳細(xì)論述了整個(gè)信息傳輸系統(tǒng)中各個(gè)模塊、節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件的具體參數(shù)和電路設(shè)計(jì)過程。主要闡述了同時(shí)應(yīng)用在傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)和協(xié)調(diào)器節(jié)點(diǎn)電路上的CC2530整體模塊電路、CC2530的供電及I/0針腳濾波電路、SMA天線收發(fā)電路、傳感器底板電路、電源供電模塊、LED指示燈電路以及各傳感器的工作配合電路、協(xié)調(diào)器節(jié)點(diǎn)底板電路、RS232串口以及USB轉(zhuǎn)串口電路的設(shè)計(jì)。(3)設(shè)計(jì)、開發(fā)了網(wǎng)絡(luò)化奶牛個(gè)體信息傳輸軟件系統(tǒng)。在對Z-Stack協(xié)議分析的基礎(chǔ)上設(shè)計(jì)了傳感器電路驅(qū)動程序、協(xié)調(diào)器組網(wǎng)子函數(shù)和傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)發(fā)送函數(shù),實(shí)現(xiàn)協(xié)調(diào)器對數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的建立、傳感器節(jié)點(diǎn)加入與退出管理、傳感器檢測數(shù)據(jù)的實(shí)時(shí)獲取、各節(jié)點(diǎn)發(fā)送對協(xié)調(diào)器數(shù)據(jù)的發(fā)送以及串口上傳給PC的功能。(4)在完成節(jié)點(diǎn)硬件設(shè)計(jì)及軟件設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)上,對于數(shù)據(jù)網(wǎng)絡(luò)采集傳輸系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行了功能測試,測試結(jié)果表明,系統(tǒng)成功獲取了傳感器的溫度、加速度數(shù)據(jù),并通過協(xié)調(diào)器上傳給計(jì)算機(jī)設(shè)備,在LabVIEW監(jiān)測軟件上獲得了節(jié)點(diǎn)測得的數(shù)據(jù)。經(jīng)過測試,節(jié)點(diǎn)在正常距離的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸過程中,丟包率低于5%,信號強(qiáng)度在-33dBm~-75dBm之間,可以符合使用需求。
[Abstract]:In the traditional dairy cattle breeding process, generally through human inefficiency feeding, only through the breeders to find and record cow growth, illness, pregnancy and estrus and other physical characteristics. However, with the scale. With the rapid development of intensive farming, the traditional method can not accurately measure the body characteristics of cattle. And the omission of data or the error of personal experience leads to the making of wrong decisions. Domestic and foreign research based on wireless sensors based on the signs of dairy cattle information detection and health management system, and achieved a lot of results. However, there are still some problems such as inaccurate body temperature data, large node size and so on. In order to realize real-time monitoring of physical information such as body temperature and exercise volume of dairy cows. This paper studies the design of dairy cow physical sign monitoring node based on ZigBee, which is to be deployed in dairy cattle pastures, and the sensor node is used to monitor the information of each cow in real time. The routing node uploads the data to PC through the serial port for data processing, collects the real-time data of each cow, can provide the decision basis for the breeders. The main work and conclusions of this paper are as follows: 1) contrast. The advantages and disadvantages of common wireless networking technologies are analyzed. The data acquisition scheme of dairy cow sign is determined in the hardware and software system. The CC2530 chip based on 2.4 GHz band is used as the core chip to realize the whole network ad hoc network. Responsible for the network data transmission and reception, and for the temperature sensor and three-axis acceleration sensor application scenarios are selected. The related technical requirements of sensor node hardware and coordinator node hardware are discussed. The cow movement and sign monitoring node is developed. Each module of the whole information transmission system is discussed in detail. The specific parameters of node hardware and the circuit design process. This paper mainly describes the CC2530 integrated module circuit which is used in the sensor node and coordinator node circuit at the same time. CC2530 power supply and I / 0 pin filter circuit SMA antenna transceiver circuit, sensor bottom circuit, power supply module CC2530 indicator lamp circuit and the work of each sensor circuit. The design of RS232 serial port and USB to serial port circuit. Based on the analysis of Z-Stack protocol, the driver of sensor circuit, the network function of coordinator and the sending function of sensor node are designed. It realizes the establishment of the data network by the coordinator, the join and exit management of the sensor node, and the real-time acquisition of the sensor detection data. On the basis of the hardware design and software design of the node, the function test of the data acquisition and transmission system of the data network is carried out on the basis of the sending of the data to the coordinator and the function of uploading the serial port to the PC. The test results show that the system has successfully acquired the temperature and acceleration data of the sensor and uploaded it to the computer equipment through the coordinator. The data measured by the node are obtained on the LabVIEW monitoring software. After testing, the packet loss rate of the node is less than 5% during the normal distance data transmission. The signal intensity is between-33 dBm and-75 dBm, which can meet the need of use.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TN92;S823;TP274

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本文編號：1461355