本文關(guān)鍵詞：基于總線控制技術(shù)的光纖定位系統(tǒng)設(shè)計　出處：《中國科學技術(shù)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 光纖光譜天文望遠鏡 光纖定位 CAN總線 分布式控制系統(tǒng)

【摘要】：在光纖光譜望遠鏡,實時精確位置測量的光纖是跟蹤恒星的關(guān)鍵。LAMOST(The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope)是一個反射式施密特天文望遠鏡,它的最重要組成部分就是一個直徑為1.75m的焦面板,并且在焦面板上安裝有4000根光纖。除此之外,焦面板上還裝有4000個光纖定位.單元,每一個定位單元都對應(yīng)著一根光纖,使其能夠達到精確定位的效果。如何讓這4000個光纖節(jié)點相互連接,并能夠準確驅(qū)動光纖定位單元,使其轉(zhuǎn)過特定角度,是光譜望遠鏡的技術(shù)難點。與其他的工業(yè)總線相比,CAN總線系統(tǒng)可以實時的對子節(jié)點進行控制,驅(qū)動能力十分穩(wěn)定且可以應(yīng)用于多種場合,所以選用CAN總線構(gòu)建串行通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò),對步進電機分布式系統(tǒng)進行有效驅(qū)動。因而本文將采用CAN總線來搭建光纖定位系統(tǒng)的通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)。在LAMOST光纖定位系統(tǒng)中每個光纖定位單元上都有兩個步進電機,用于控制光纖在三個維度上進行轉(zhuǎn)角定位,采用無線技術(shù)完成各個單元間的通訊。然而無線通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)會有無法克服的問題,本設(shè)計比較了多種分布式控制系統(tǒng)最終選定了以CAN總線通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)為基礎(chǔ)設(shè)計有限有線通訊子節(jié)點并對步進電機進行細分驅(qū)動的總體方案。每個CAN總線子節(jié)點選用的主控制芯片都集成了 CAN控制器以便于簡化硬件電路的設(shè)計。由4000個子節(jié)點共同組成CAN總線通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)從而搭建整個系統(tǒng)的底層。每個子節(jié)點通過主控芯片的1/0配置細分驅(qū)動芯片,從而實現(xiàn)對步進電機的細分驅(qū)動。為了完成CAN總線應(yīng)用層的協(xié)議,對CAN總線的技術(shù)規(guī)范進行了深入研究,對它的功能做了充分調(diào)研。為了給CAN總線通訊節(jié)點設(shè)計軟件程序,需要分配通訊報文的標識符,從而進一步確定報文的幀格式、通信方式和濾波機制,并對報文的收發(fā)、電機控制軟件做出了設(shè)計。給出了 CAN總線節(jié)點主函數(shù),完成了子節(jié)點的軟件設(shè)計。在完成軟硬件設(shè)計之后,通過制作多個子節(jié)點來搭建CAN總線通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型,對系統(tǒng)分別進行CAN總線通訊實驗和步進電機細分驅(qū)動實驗。經(jīng)過實驗調(diào)試,CAN總線節(jié)點間可以進行正常通訊,并且能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對兩相步進電機的1/16細分驅(qū)動和上位機監(jiān)控功能,實驗表明整個通訊和細分系統(tǒng)運行穩(wěn)定,實時性較好,可以滿足光纖定位系統(tǒng)對多步進電機分布式控制系統(tǒng)的需求。
[Abstract]:In the optical fiber Spectroscopy Telescope, real-time accurate position measurement is the key of.LAMOST (The Large Sky track star Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope) is a reflecting Schmidt telescope, it is the most important part of a diameter of focal plane 1.75m, and there are 4000 fibers mounted on the panel. In addition to coke in addition, the focal panel is arranged on the 4000 fiber positioning unit. And each positioning unit corresponds to a single fiber, so it can achieve accurate positioning effect. How to make the 4000 fiber nodes are connected to each other, and can accurately drive the fiber positioning unit, which turned a particular point of view, is a technical difficulty of spectrum telescope. Compared with other industrial bus control on CAN bus system can real-time, driving ability is very stable and can be used in many fields, so we choose C To construct a serial communication network of AN bus, the stepper motor drive system effectively distributed. Therefore, this paper will use the CAN bus to build the communication network. Optical fiber positioning system in LAMOST optical fiber positioning system in the positioning of each optical fiber unit has two stepper motor is used to control the fiber angle positioning in three dimensions, the wireless technology to complete the communication between each unit. However, wireless communication networks will be unable to overcome the problem of the design and comparison of a variety of distributed control system was selected by CAN bus communication network based on wired communication design Co. child nodes and the stepper motor subdivision drive. The overall scheme design of the main control chip of each sub CAN bus the nodes are integrated CAN controller in order to simplify the hardware circuit. By 4000 sub node is composed of CAN bus communication network to build the whole The bottom of the system. Each sub node 1/0 configuration through the subdivision of the main control chip driver chip to drive the stepper motor subdivision. In order to complete the CAN bus application layer protocol specification of CAN bus is studied, its function to do a full investigation. For the CAN bus communication node the design of software program, need communication message identifier allocation, so as to further determine the message frame format, communication mode and filtering mechanism, and to send and receive packets, motor control software make the design is given. The main function of CAN bus node, complete the software design of sub nodes. After the completion of the hardware and software design, to build CAN bus communication network model by making multiple child nodes, were carried on the system of CAN bus communication experiment and stepping motor subdivision drive experiment. Through testing, CAN bus nodes can be Normal communication, and can achieve two phase stepper motor 1/16 subdivision drive and host computer monitoring function. Experiments show that the whole communication and subdivision system is stable and real-time, which can meet the needs of multi positioning control system for distributed control system of multi-step motor.

【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術(shù)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP273

【參考文獻】

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本文編號：1386504