本文關(guān)鍵詞：改進的限制性隨機測試算法及其在面向?qū)ο筌浖䴗y試中的應(yīng)用　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 軟件測試 面向?qū)ο筌浖䴗y試 自適應(yīng)隨機測試 時間開銷 限制性區(qū)域

【摘要】：軟件測試作為一種保證軟件質(zhì)量的有效方法,在軟件開發(fā)過程中不可缺少。隨著市場對軟件產(chǎn)品的需求日益增多,軟件產(chǎn)品的開發(fā)技術(shù)也越來越多,其中面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)因為在重用性及擴展性等方面具有獨特的優(yōu)勢,使得其成為應(yīng)用最廣的軟件開發(fā)技術(shù)之一。但同時面向?qū)ο蠹夹g(shù)具有的特性也給軟件開發(fā)帶來了很多新的問題,對軟件測試的影響最為明顯。當(dāng)前,面向?qū)ο筌浖䴗y試方法中常用的是隨機測試(Random Testing,RT)。實驗證明,RT減少了挑選測試用例時的時間開銷,降低了軟件開發(fā)的成本,但是RT的有效性并不好。為了提高RT檢測錯誤的有效性,T.Y.Chen等人提出了改進后的RT方法即自適應(yīng)隨機測試(Adaptive Random Testing,ART)方法。ART算法有多種實現(xiàn)方案,其中基于限制性區(qū)域的自適應(yīng)性隨機測試(Restricted Random Testing,RRT)算法是一種常用的ART實現(xiàn)方案。RRT在所有已執(zhí)行測試用例周圍生成一個排斥區(qū)域,下一個測試用例在所有排斥區(qū)域之外選取。實驗證明RRT算法的有效性優(yōu)于RT算法,但是RRT算法挑選測試用例的時間開銷過大,這意味著在使用RRT進行軟件測試時要花費過多的時間,不利于軟件開發(fā)商節(jié)省人力物力,所以提高RRT算法的時間效率很有必要。本文針對上述問題提出了RRTtp算法,同時為了驗證RRTtp的有效性和正確性,論文對兩種算法做了大量的實驗對比分析;并將兩種算法應(yīng)用到了面向?qū)ο蟪绦虻臏y試。論文的主要工作闡述如下:1.針對RRT在挑選測試用例時的時間開銷過大的缺點,提出了一種改進的RRTtp算法。RRTtp的主要思想是在所有已執(zhí)行測試用例周圍生成排斥區(qū)域和可選區(qū)域,然后將所有可選區(qū)域進行比較挑出其中最大的一個,下一個測試用例就在該最大區(qū)域中隨機生成。在進行最大可選區(qū)域的挑選時,首先對所有已執(zhí)行測試用例進行排序,得到兩個測試用例間可選區(qū)域的大小;然后對比所有的可選區(qū)域并挑出最大的一個;在每次比較時都需要記錄并更新最大可選區(qū)域的起始點和終點,以便在最大區(qū)域隨機生成下一個測試用例。2.實現(xiàn)了RRT和RRTtp算法在面向?qū)ο笾械膽?yīng)用。在測試數(shù)值型程序時,測試用例間的距離即為數(shù)值上的差異,但是將兩種算法應(yīng)用到面向?qū)ο蟪绦驕y試時,無法直接計算測試用例之間的距離�；谶@個問題論文首先給出了本文所使用的測試用例間的距離表現(xiàn)形式;然后對測試用例的結(jié)構(gòu)進行了研究分析;將測試用例的距離定義動態(tài)距離和靜態(tài)距離之和,并分別給出了具體的動態(tài)部分和靜態(tài)部分的距離計算公式,從而結(jié)合RRT和RRTtp算法實現(xiàn)了測試用例間的距離計算及其在面向?qū)ο筌浖䴗y試中的應(yīng)用。3.設(shè)計并實現(xiàn)了基于RRT和RRTtp算法的測試原型系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)根據(jù)RRT和RRTtp在數(shù)值型程序和面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛑g的應(yīng)用,分別設(shè)計了數(shù)值型程序測試模塊和非數(shù)值型程序測試模塊。其中數(shù)值型程序模塊主要包括算法執(zhí)行和結(jié)果分析兩大模塊;非數(shù)值型程序測試模塊包括類圖錄入、測試用例距離度量、算法執(zhí)行和結(jié)果分析模塊等。
[Abstract]:Software testing is a effective method to guarantee the quality of software, is indispensable in the process of software development. With the market demand for software products is increasing, the development of software products technology more and more, the object oriented technology because of unique advantages in reusability and expansibility. And makes it become one of the software development technology the most widely used object oriented characteristics. But at the same time also to the software development technology has brought many new problems, impact on software testing is the most obvious. At present, the commonly used object oriented software testing method of random testing (Random Testing, RT). The experimental results show that RT reduces the selection of test cases the time cost, reduce the cost of software development, but the effectiveness of the RT is not good. In order to improve the effectiveness of RT error detection, T.Y.Chen et al. Proposed the improved RT method is adaptive Should the random testing (Adaptive Random Testing, ART).ART algorithm is realized in various programs, which is based on adaptive random testing restricted area (Restricted Random Testing RRT) algorithm is a commonly used implementation scheme of ART.RRT in all execution of test cases generated around a rejection region, a test case in all rejection region selection. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the RRT algorithm is better than RT, but the RRT algorithm to select the test time overhead is too large, which means that in the use of RRT software to spend too much time, not conducive to software developers to save manpower and material resources, so it is necessary to improve the RRT algorithm's time aiming at the above problems. The efficiency of RRTtp algorithm is proposed. At the same time in order to verify the effectiveness and correctness of RRTtp, this paper has done a lot of experiments on the contrast analysis of the two algorithms; and two An algorithm is applied to the test object oriented program. The main work is described as follows: 1. for the RRT in the selection of test cases when the time overhead of big shortcomings, puts forward the main idea of an improved RRTtp.RRTtp algorithm is in all executed test cases generated around the rejection region and the optional area, then all the optional area compared to pick one of the biggest, the next test case in the largest area randomly generated. The maximum area of optional choose, first of all executed test cases are sorted to two test cases between the optional area size; then a comparison of all the available area and pick out the biggest; record and update the starting point and end point of the largest optional fields are needed in each comparison, in order to the maximum area under a randomly generated test case.2. RR The application of T and RRTtp algorithm in object oriented process. In the numerical test program, the test case is the distance between the numerical difference, but the two kinds of object oriented program to test algorithm, test cases can not calculate the distance between this problem directly. This paper gives the test cases used in this article the distance between the forms based on; then studies the structural analysis of the test case; test case definition of distance and static dynamic distance and distance, and gives the calculation formula of dynamic and static parts of a specific part of the distance, and the combination of RRT and RRTtp algorithm of distance calculation between test cases and in the application of.3. design in object oriented software testing and implementation of test and prototype system of RRT based on RRTtp algorithm. The system based on RRT and RRTtp in the numerical program and object oriented Between applications, design numerical program test module and non numeric program testing module. The two modules of the numerical program modules include algorithm implementation and results; non numeric program testing module including class entry, test distance measurement, algorithm implementation and results analysis module.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP311.53

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前6條

1 涂徑玄;陳林;許蕾;盧紅敏;徐寶文;;考慮類特性的面向?qū)ο箦e誤定位[J];計算機學(xué)報;2013年12期

2 陳錦富;盧炎生;謝曉東;;一種構(gòu)件安全測試錯誤注入模型[J];計算機研究與發(fā)展;2009年07期

3 陳錦富;盧炎生;謝曉東;;軟件錯誤注入測試技術(shù)研究[J];軟件學(xué)報;2009年06期

4 鄭卿卿;辛?xí)暂x;;面向?qū)ο筌浖臏y試方法[J];信息技術(shù)與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化;2008年11期

5 趙榮利;崔志明;陳建明;;面向?qū)ο筌浖䴗y試技術(shù)的研究與應(yīng)用[J];計算機技術(shù)與發(fā)展;2007年01期

6 金凌紫;面向?qū)ο筌浖䴗y試技術(shù)進展[J];計算機研究與發(fā)展;1998年01期

，

本文編號：1358276