物理高考與內(nèi)容標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一致性研究
[Abstract]:In recent years, standard-based curriculum reform has been widely implemented all over the world. At the turn of the century, the reform of basic education curriculum in our country has been regarded as unprecedented in its degree of conceptual innovation and scope of implementation. In this context, this study focuses on the consistency relationship between college entrance examination and curriculum standards.
Firstly, based on the literature review and the actual situation of our country, this paper constructs the consistency research tools and analysis methods of physical college entrance examination and content standards, determines the SEC model and Weber model of consistency research, constructs two-dimensional matrix from two dimensions of knowledge content and corresponding cognitive level, and then analyzes one of the two matrices. Secondly, the consistency between the physical college entrance examination and the content standard is further analyzed from three aspects: the distribution of knowledge content topics, the balance of specific knowledge content items and the distribution of cognitive level. Then it studies the general characteristics of the consistency level between the physical college entrance examination and the internal standards, the background characteristics of the curriculum reform, the regional characteristics, and the characteristics of the module entrance examination.
The study is composed of three parts.
The first part is to construct a consistency research tool of physics entrance examination and content standard on the basis of literature combing and combining with the actual situation of our country; then to expound the analysis method and result of content standard in high school physics curriculum standard, as well as the analysis method and sample distribution of knowledge content and cognitive requirement of physics entrance examination paper; finally to introduce The reliability and validity of this study.
Study 2: According to the differences of the subjects involved in the Physics College Entrance Examination, the consistency level between the physical college entrance examination papers and the content standards in the past six years was analyzed and statistically analyzed in terms of the overall level of consistency, the consistency level of the subject of the knowledge content, the balance of the distribution of the knowledge content and the consistency level of the cognitive level. Examination paper samples include six types of standard test papers according to the selection module, and the other is the nearly six-year syllabus test papers.
Research 3, the characteristic analysis of the consistency level between the physical college entrance examination and the content standard. The overall characteristics of the consistency level between the physical college entrance examination and the content standard are analyzed, and then the consistency level analysis of the characteristic variables is carried out, which are the background of curriculum reform, the type of regional and module examination.
The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:
(1) Physics college entrance examination papers and high school physics content standards generally do not have significant consistency. The consistency coefficients of 77 physics college entrance examination papers and high school physics content standards are lower than their corresponding statistical significance reference values. Big difference.
(2) The consistency level of knowledge content distribution between Physics College Entrance Examination Paper and High School Physics Content Standard is generally low. Compared with content standard, Physics College Entrance Examination Paper strengthens the examination of common compulsory module and "optional 3-1" module. The descriptions, the laws of interaction and motion, the circuits, and the electric fields are examined; most of the papers have increased the intensity of the "mechanical energy" and "projectile motion and circular motion"; and the physical papers have less power to examine the "achievements and limitations of classical mechanics" than the content of the standard. In the past six years, besides "collision and conservation of momentum", the examinations of "elective 3-3", "elective 3-4" and "elective 3-5" in the Physics College Entrance Examination Papers have been weakened. Only a few examinations have been made on "energy and sustainable development", "relativity", "electromagnetic oscillation and wave-particle duality". Examination of the common compulsory module focuses on uniform-speed linear motion, Newton's law of motion, force synthesis and decomposition, uniform circular motion, centripetal force, kinetic energy, conservation of mechanical energy, law of gravity, etc., among which the knowledge content of "achievements and limitations of classical mechanics" is the least balanced, and "projectile motion and gravity" Circumferential motion, description of motion, etc. are relatively good. In the electrics "elective 3-1" and "elective 3-2" modules, high frequency knowledge includes common electrical components, Ohm's law, electrostatic field, electric field strength, magnetic field, magnetic induction strength, ampere force, Lorentz force, Lenz's law, Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, etc. The key points of the 3-3 elective course are the laws of gas experiment, internal energy, temperature, the first law of thermodynamics, etc. The balance of knowledge distribution on the subject of "collision and conservation of momentum" in the test paper is relatively good, while that on the subject of "nucleus" and "wave-particle duality" is relatively poor.
(3) The consistency between the physical college entrance examination papers and the high school physical content standards is generally low in terms of the distribution of the cognitive level corresponding to the knowledge content. At the level of cognition, the consistency of physical examination paper and content standard is relatively high.
(4) The consistency level between the standard version and the content standard is obviously higher than that between the syllabus version and the content standard. However, there are some differences in the following three modules. The proportion of collision and conservation of momentum is relatively low, while the proportion of solid liquids and gases, laws of thermodynamics and conservation of energy, electromagnetic oscillation and wave, relativity and nuclear is relatively low. And the proportion of "wave particle two iconicity" is relatively high.
(5) Analyzing the consistency of the physical college entrance examination and the content standard with the regional characteristics, it is found that the consistency between the physical college entrance examination papers and the content standard is the highest in Hainan Province in the past six years, followed by Jiangsu, Shandong, Zhejiang, Guangdong and Chongqing. The discrepancy is relatively small, while the differences in the knowledge content of the 5 elective modules are relatively large in some provinces.
(6) By analyzing the consistency between the physical college entrance examination and the content standard, it is found that "elective 3-3" is relatively better than "elective 3-5" and "elective 3-4" is relatively worse, so "elective 3-3" or "elective 3-3" plus "elective 3-5" can be chosen. The consistency between the test sample and the content standard is the highest, while the consistency between the test sample and the content standard is the lowest for the "elective 3-4" or "elective 3-4" plus "elective 3-5".
This study has important theoretical significance to enrich and test the consistency between examination evaluation and curriculum standards. It also has important reference value to the basic education teaching reform, curriculum standard revision, college entrance examination system and content reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2013
【分類號(hào)】:G633.7
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