【摘要】：2004開始實施的普通高中課程改革,于2012年在全國全面推行。伴隨著高中課程改革的推進,課程實施的研究也不斷深化,但是基于學校層面的普通高中課程實施的研究還不多。為此,本項研究在基礎教育課程改革的背景下,依據(jù)國家制定的《普通高中課程方案(實驗稿)》(以下簡稱《方案》),以一個普通高中L中學為研究個案,考察學校層面的課程實施狀況,分析課程實施中各種要素及其關系,探究影響課程實施的因素,以期提出有效的實施高中課程的建議。本研究通過對個案學校L中學的課程實施狀況的深入分析,剖析出學校層面課程實施的若干核心問題。為探索學校如何有效地落實國家制定的《方案》,L中學把握實施過程中的眾多因素,以《方案》為依據(jù),以學校自身的發(fā)展歷史和學校文化為依托,以學�，F(xiàn)有條件和現(xiàn)狀為基礎,力爭創(chuàng)造性地在學校層面做好課程體系構建,促進課程實施。L中學的課程實施是基于多年形成的學校理念與文化特征,以“構建喚醒心靈課程體系”為主線開展的。喚醒心靈課程體系的構建是依據(jù)《方案》的要求,將喚醒心靈教育理念作為學校發(fā)展特色的靈魂,融入學校課程體系的構建,同時滿足社會和家長的需求。喚醒心靈課程體系落實體現(xiàn)在三個維度：一是國家課程的自覺落實,力求保障學生發(fā)展的國家課程的全面落實,力求給學生較為充分的選擇性,尤其是真正落實能體現(xiàn)學生個性化的課程,全面落實國家課程才能真正達到全面的喚醒心靈；二是加大校本課程的選擇性,通過建設符合學校自身特點的課程用以體現(xiàn)課程選擇性,力求讓每個學生追求自由,放飛心靈,促進學生個性化發(fā)展；三是以自主為核心變革教學方式和學習方式,以此支撐國家課程、校本課程在課堂上的落實,同時增強學生的自主性。研究表明,學校層面的課程實施中,以課程體系構建為載體的課程規(guī)劃是至關重要的,它保障了課程實施過程中的方向正確,也保障了過程中的調控和反思；學校課程體系構建不能簡單照抄照搬《方案》的要求,要構建符合自身理念的課程體系,形成有靈魂的課程規(guī)劃,保障學校發(fā)展特色的持續(xù)；學校課程體系構建要依據(jù)學生發(fā)展特點,滿足學生發(fā)展需求。通過研究,初步探索出了學校層面創(chuàng)造性地實施國家課程的一種模式,在綜合考慮各方面因素的情況下,將《方案》調試成一種適切的選擇來構建課程體系,能夠落實國家課程的基本要求,能夠體現(xiàn)學校的文化與特色,并能夠最大限度滿足社會需求。在研究中筆者還發(fā)現(xiàn)由于高中發(fā)展的限制因素眾多而復雜,學校層面的課程實施仍然存在以下問題：《方案》自身存在缺陷,如描述的清晰度不足等；行政部門在行動的引領、政策的給予、自主權的賦予等方面的力度不足；學校層面缺乏理念、自我規(guī)劃意識淡薄等。
[Abstract]:The ordinary high school curriculum reform, which began in 2004, was fully implemented throughout the country in 2012. Along with the advancement of curriculum reform in senior high school, the research on curriculum implementation is deepening, but there are few researches on curriculum implementation of ordinary high school based on school level. Therefore, under the background of the curriculum reform of basic education, this study takes a general high school L middle school as a case study according to the "General Senior High School Curriculum Program (Experimental draft)" (hereinafter referred to as "the Program"), which is formulated by the State. This paper reviews the implementation of the curriculum at the school level, analyzes the various elements and their relations in the implementation of the curriculum, probes into the factors that affect the implementation of the curriculum, and puts forward some effective suggestions for the implementation of the curriculum in the senior middle school. Based on the analysis of the implementation of curriculum in L middle school, this study analyzes some core problems of curriculum implementation at school level. In order to explore how to effectively implement the "plan" made by the state, and how to grasp the many factors in the process of implementation, the school should take the "plan" as the basis, and rely on the school's own development history and school culture. On the basis of the existing conditions and present situation of the school, we strive to creatively construct the curriculum system at the school level and promote the curriculum implementation in the middle school of .L, which is based on the school concept and cultural characteristics formed for many years. The main line is to construct the curriculum system of arousing the mind. The construction of the arousal mind curriculum system is based on the requirements of the "plan". The concept of arousal mind education is regarded as the soul of the school's development characteristics, which is integrated into the construction of the school curriculum system and meets the needs of the society and the parents at the same time. The realization of the curriculum system of arousal mind is reflected in three dimensions: first, the conscious implementation of the national curriculum, the full implementation of the national curriculum that guarantees the students' development, and the full selection of the students. In particular, to truly implement the curriculum that can embody the individuation of students and fully implement the national curriculum can truly awaken the soul; second, it is necessary to increase the selectivity of school-based curriculum. Through the construction of curriculum according to the school's own characteristics to reflect the curriculum selectivity, and strive to let every student pursue freedom, release the mind, promote the students' individual development; third, take autonomy as the core to change the teaching methods and learning methods, In order to support the national curriculum, school-based curriculum in the classroom implementation, while enhancing the autonomy of students. The research shows that the curriculum planning with curriculum system construction as the carrier is very important in the curriculum implementation at the school level, which ensures the correct direction in the course of curriculum implementation, and also ensures the regulation and reflection in the process. The construction of school curriculum system should not simply copy the requirements of "Plan", but should construct the curriculum system that conforms to its own idea, form a soulful curriculum planning, and ensure the continuity of the characteristics of school development. The school curriculum system should be constructed according to the characteristics of students' development and meet the needs of students' development. Through the research, we have preliminarily explored a kind of mode of creatively implementing the national curriculum at the school level. Under the condition of synthetically considering the various factors, we have debugged the "Plan" as an appropriate choice to construct the curriculum system. Can fulfill the basic requirements of the national curriculum, can reflect the culture and characteristics of the school, and can meet the needs of society to the maximum extent. In the study, the author also found that because of the numerous and complex constraints of high school development, the curriculum implementation at the school level still has the following problems: the "plan" itself has defects, such as the lack of clarity in the description, and so on; the administrative department leads the action. Policy giving, autonomy giving and so on are not enough; school level lacks of idea, self-planning consciousness is weak, etc.
【學位授予單位】：東北師范大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：G632.3
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本文編號：2197153