本文選題：城市空間文本 + 生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)�。� 參考：《蘭州大學》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：過去30年,中國的城市化基本上沿襲了西方工業(yè)革命時期機械主義導向下以犧牲環(huán)境為代價的城市化發(fā)展模式,結(jié)果必然導致諸如城市蔓延、交通擁擠、環(huán)境惡化等城市病。西方國家已經(jīng)在近幾十年逐漸轉(zhuǎn)型走上了相對集中的城市化發(fā)展之路,但我國還沒有全面的覺醒,國內(nèi)城市空間發(fā)展幾乎都有連片高密度擴展的趨勢。生態(tài)城市是可持續(xù)思想在城市領域的具體化,它強調(diào)城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)與自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)之間的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,對于指導我國未來城市空間的健康發(fā)展意義重大。目前,由于對生態(tài)城市認識的不足,以及缺乏系統(tǒng)的理論指導,國內(nèi)外生態(tài)城市的建設和發(fā)展面臨眾多問題和挑戰(zhàn),因此,生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)的研究是建設生態(tài)城市的客觀需要,對解決城市問題具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。本文正是基于系統(tǒng)論的觀點,運用生態(tài)學有關原理,引入城市空間文本的概念,對生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)進行理論和研究方法體系的構(gòu)建,為城市地理學在城市空間領域的研究提供了新視角,具有重要的理論意義。文本定義的生態(tài)城市是廣義生態(tài)城市的概念,它不局限于某一類城市,更確切地說是一種方法論,是從生態(tài)化的角度來思索城市空間組織的應有之義,它突破了原有的物理界線和行政范圍,不再是一個封閉的區(qū)域,是不斷經(jīng)歷各個中間狀態(tài)的動態(tài)過程,更著重強調(diào)城市向生態(tài)化發(fā)展高級階段演進的過程與模式。也就是說,任何城市都有發(fā)展成為生態(tài)城市的潛力,只是發(fā)展水平和所處的階段不同。本文應用文獻分析法、邏輯論證法、統(tǒng)計分析法、對比分析法和社會調(diào)查等方法,理論和實證相結(jié)合展開了系統(tǒng)的研究。論文主要研究內(nèi)容與結(jié)論如下:(1)城市空間屬于廣義文本的范疇隨著文本概念的擴展,文本已經(jīng)屬于普遍意義的哲學范疇,城市空間是具有人文性質(zhì)的具體研究對象,與文本一樣通過外在形式傳達內(nèi)在的意義,城市空間在本質(zhì)特質(zhì)上與文本有很多共同之處,都具有自身的整體性、內(nèi)部的結(jié)構(gòu)性和外部環(huán)境的開放性等特征,因此城市空間屬于文本下一層級的概念,可以納入到“文本”的范疇,是可以進行閱讀的廣義文本,基于城市空間文本觀的研究思路有助于對生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)進行全面和深入的研究。(2)生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)理論構(gòu)建(1)生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)具有與文本“言—象—意”類似的表意結(jié)構(gòu),從內(nèi)向外依次是“空間結(jié)構(gòu)層”,是城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)外在的物理表現(xiàn);“空間功能層”,表現(xiàn)為城市空間的社會、經(jīng)濟文化功能;“空間價值層”,是推動城市空間發(fā)展的人文動力的集合。(2)生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)是“空間結(jié)構(gòu)—空間功能—空間價值”的辯證統(tǒng)一體,表現(xiàn)為在城市主體文化觀和價值觀影響下,城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)與空間功能的互適。(3)生態(tài)城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)子系統(tǒng)的模式與評價研究(1)生態(tài)城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)模式必須能有效應對人口和經(jīng)濟活動的快速增長,滿足不同社會、經(jīng)濟和技術發(fā)展水平的需要,這里的模式并不是指一種萬能的模式,而是能充分體現(xiàn)城市環(huán)境特色,有效組織生產(chǎn)和生活,并能集中反映城市居民普遍愿望和共同需求的城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)模式。(2)生態(tài)城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)的評價包括宏觀層面區(qū)域生態(tài)空間格局和中觀層面城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)的評價。生態(tài)城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)評價構(gòu)成體系包括生態(tài)環(huán)境質(zhì)量性、城市用地合理性、綜合交通綠色化、社會服務均衡性和市政設施便捷性,研究建立了生態(tài)城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)子系統(tǒng)的客觀和主觀評價指標體系,以蘭州、武漢和珠海市為例,評價了三個城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)的合理性,結(jié)果顯示客觀評價與主觀評價結(jié)果具有一致性。(4)生態(tài)城市空間功能子系統(tǒng)的模式與評價研究(1)生態(tài)城市空間功能模式也不是一種萬能的模式,各個城市根據(jù)自己的資源優(yōu)勢和環(huán)境優(yōu)勢選擇城市空間的主導功能,只要能體現(xiàn)和呼吁時代、地方和文化的特色,最大限度的滿足人們生活和生產(chǎn)需求,為人們提供方便的空間功能模式,都是生態(tài)城市所追求的目標,包括文化型城市、創(chuàng)新型城市、包容型城市、特色城市、信息城市,以及經(jīng)濟主導型城市、社會服務主導型城市和環(huán)境主導型城市等。(2)生態(tài)城市空間功能評價的內(nèi)容包括城市空間功能影響力、城市空間功能對外服務能力和城市空間功能綜合實力。以蘭州、武漢和珠海市為例,對這三個城市進行了生態(tài)城市空間功能客觀和主觀評價,結(jié)果顯示客觀評價和主觀評價結(jié)果具有一致性。(5)生態(tài)城市空間價值子系統(tǒng)的評價研究(1)生態(tài)城市空間價值主要表現(xiàn)為城市居民的思想意識和價值觀,人們的生活方式、對城市和世界的認知在很大程度上影響城市空間的發(fā)展。(2)生態(tài)城市空間價值的評價構(gòu)成體系包括城市居民的生態(tài)環(huán)境觀、生態(tài)發(fā)展觀、生態(tài)出行觀、生態(tài)消費觀和生態(tài)社會觀。研究構(gòu)建了生態(tài)城市空間價值子系統(tǒng)的評價指標體系,以蘭州、武漢和珠海為研究對象,評價了三個城市居民的生態(tài)價值觀。(3)生態(tài)城市倡導的是一種最大限度擺脫物性,發(fā)揮個人的主動性和創(chuàng)造精神,體現(xiàn)對其他人和非人生命的尊重,這樣一種全面而有意義的生活。對于轉(zhuǎn)型期的中國,“文明始于心、生態(tài)踐于行”、“勿以惡小而為之,勿以善小而不為”等新的人文精神的塑造,更應該是生態(tài)城市空間價值的所在。(6)生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)的研究方法對生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)的研究和發(fā)展評價應該同時包括城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)、城市空間功能和城市空間價值這三個子系統(tǒng),各個子系統(tǒng)之間形成層層遞進的關系,每一個子系統(tǒng)都可以進行單獨的研究,但是終歸要進行整合研究,因為沒有一個子系統(tǒng)能夠既不影響其他系統(tǒng)的發(fā)展,又不受其他系統(tǒng)的影響,最終三個子系統(tǒng)的內(nèi)容框架共同構(gòu)成了一個科學、完整的生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)的研究方法體系。(7)蘭州、珠海、武漢生態(tài)城市空間系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀和未來發(fā)展的方向珠海城市空間結(jié)構(gòu)組織比較合理,城市居民生態(tài)自覺意識較好,但是要想促進城市空間的持續(xù)發(fā)展,需要進一步克服空間與距離上的阻隔,與區(qū)域其他城市保持多樣的空間聯(lián)系,形成更加開放的城市空間格局。蘭州市和武漢市不僅要開放城市空間格局,在城市發(fā)展過程中,積極了解市民迫切需要解決的問題,優(yōu)化城市內(nèi)部各要素的空間布局和組合方式,加強生態(tài)城市的宣傳力度,培養(yǎng)市民的生態(tài)意識,最終形成“生態(tài)城市,共建共享”的城市文化風氣。
[Abstract]:In the past 30 years, the urbanization of China has basically followed the urbanization development model at the expense of the environment at the cost of mechanism in the period of the western industrial revolution. The result will inevitably lead to urban diseases such as urban sprawl, traffic congestion and environmental deterioration. In the past few decades, western countries have gradually transformed into relatively centralized urbanization. However, our country has not fully awakened, and the development of urban space in China almost all has the trend of continuous high density expansion. The ecological city is the concrete of the sustainable thought in the city field. It emphasizes the coordinated development between the urban ecosystem and the natural ecosystem, which is of great importance to guiding the healthy development of the future urban space in our country. At present, because of the lack of understanding of the ecological city and the lack of systematic theoretical guidance, the construction and development of ecological cities at home and abroad are faced with many problems and challenges. Therefore, the study of the ecological urban space system is an objective need for the construction of an ecological city, and is of great practical significance to the solution of the urban problem. This paper is based on the system. On the basis of the theory of ecology, the concept of urban spatial text is introduced and the theory and research method system of the ecological urban space system is constructed. It provides a new perspective for the study of urban geography in the field of urban space and has important theoretical significance. The ecological city defined by the text is the concept of the generalized ecological city. It is not limited to a certain type of city, more specifically a methodology, is an ecological perspective to think about the proper meaning of urban spatial organization. It breaks through the original physical boundaries and administrative scope, is no longer a closed area, is a dynamic process that constantly experiences various intermediate states, and emphasizes the ecological development of the city. The process and model of the evolution of the advanced stage, that is to say, any city has the potential to develop into an ecological city, only the level of development and the different stages. This paper applies the methods of literature analysis, logical demonstration, statistical analysis, comparative analysis and social investigation, and the combination of theory and empirical research. The main contents and conclusions of the thesis are as follows: (1) the category of urban space belongs to the generalized text, with the expansion of the concept of text, the text has been a universal philosophical category. The urban space is a specific research object with the nature of the humanities, and the inner meaning is conveyed through the external form like the text, and the urban space is in the essence and the nature. The text has a lot in common, which has its own integrity, internal structure and the openness of the external environment. Therefore, the urban space belongs to the concept of the next level of text, which can be incorporated into the category of "text", which is a broad text that can be read, and the research idea based on the view of urban space text is helpful to the ecology. The urban space system is fully and deeply studied. (2) the theoretical construction of the ecological urban space system (1) the ecological city space system has the ideographic structure similar to the text "speech - image - meaning". From the inside to the outside, it is the "spatial structure layer", which is the physical manifestation of the urban spatial structure, and the "space function layer" is manifested as the urban space. The society, the function of economy and culture and the "space value layer" are the collection of human power to promote the development of urban space. (2) the ecological city space system is a dialectical unity of "space structure space function space value", which is manifested by the interaction of urban spatial structure and space function under the influence of the cultural outlook and value view of the city subject. (3) study on the model and evaluation of the spatial structure subsystem of eco city (1) the ecological urban spatial structure model must have the rapid growth of the population and the economic activity and meet the needs of different social, economic and technological development levels. The model here is not a universal model, but a full embodiment of the urban environmental characteristics. It can organize the production and life effectively, and can concentrate on the urban spatial structure model which reflects the common desire and common demand of urban residents. (2) the evaluation of the spatial structure of the ecological city includes the macro level regional ecological spatial pattern and the evaluation of the urban spatial structure at the meso level. The ecological urban spatial structure evaluation system includes the ecological environment quality. In terms of rationality, urban land use rationality, comprehensive traffic green, social service equilibrium and convenience of municipal facilities, the objective and subjective evaluation index system of the ecological urban spatial structure subsystem is established. Taking Lanzhou, Wuhan and Zhuhai as an example, the rationality of the three urban space structures is evaluated. The results show the objective evaluation and subjective evaluation. The price results are consistent. (4) the model and evaluation study of the ecological urban spatial function subsystem (1) the ecological urban spatial function model is not a universal model. Each city chooses the dominant function of the urban space according to its own resource advantages and environmental advantages, as long as it can reflect and appeal to the times, the local and cultural characteristics, the largest. The limit to meet people's life and production needs and provide people with a convenient spatial function model is the goal pursued by ecological cities, including cultural cities, innovative cities, inclusive cities, characteristic cities, information cities, economic leading cities, social service leading cities and environmental leading cities. (2) eco city. The content of city spatial function evaluation includes the influence of urban space function, the ability of urban space function and the comprehensive strength of urban space function. Taking Lanzhou, Wuhan and Zhuhai as an example, the three cities have carried out the objective and subjective evaluation of the spatial function of the ecological cities, and the results show that the objective evaluation and the subjective evaluation result are consistent. (5) study on the evaluation of the spatial value subsystem of ecological city (1) the spatial value of the ecological city is mainly manifested by the ideology and values of urban residents, the way of life and the cognition of the city and the world affect the development of urban space to a great extent. (2) the evaluation of the spatial value of the urban city includes the urban residents. The ecological concept of ecological environment, ecological development, ecological travel, ecological consumption and ecological society. The evaluation index system of ecological urban spatial value subsystem is constructed. The ecological values of the three urban residents are evaluated in Lanzhou, Wuhan and Zhuhai. (3) the ecological city advocates a maximum out of physical property. To give full play to the initiative and creative spirit of the individual, to reflect the respect for other people and nonhuman life, such a comprehensive and meaningful life. For the transition period of China, "civilization begins with the heart, the ecology is practiced", "do not take the evil and be small but do not be small but not" to shape the new humanistic spirit, and more should be the ecological city space. (6) the research and development evaluation of ecological urban space system should include the three subsystems of urban space structure, urban space function and urban space value, and each sub-system forms a hierarchical and progressive relationship, and each subsystem can carry out a separate research. But in the end, the integration research should be carried out, because no subsystem can neither affect the development of other systems nor affected by other systems. The final three subsystems' content framework together constitute a scientific and integrated research method system for the ecological urban space system. (7) Lanzhou, Zhuhai, Wuhan ecological city space system The present situation of the development and the direction of the future development of Zhuhai urban spatial structure is reasonable and the urban residents' consciousness of ecological consciousness is better. But in order to promote the sustainable development of urban space, it is necessary to further overcome the barrier between space and distance, maintain more spatial relations with other cities in the region, and form a more open urban space. Lanzhou and Wuhan should not only open the spatial pattern of the city, but also actively understand the problems that the citizens need to solve urgently in the process of urban development, optimize the spatial distribution and combination of the elements in the city, strengthen the publicity of the ecological city, cultivate the public consciousness of the citizens, and finally form the "ecological city, build and share together". The cultural atmosphere of the city.

【學位授予單位】：蘭州大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：C912.81

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