本文選題：大學(xué)場域　切入點(diǎn)：學(xué)習(xí)慣習(xí)　出處：《南開大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：與傳統(tǒng)大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)研究大多采取實(shí)體性思維方式不同,布迪厄的社會實(shí)踐理論為我們提供了一個獨(dú)特的基于關(guān)系性思維方式的觀察視角。運(yùn)用“場域”、“資本”、“慣習(xí)”和“策略”等開放式概念,本研究形成了關(guān)于大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的分析框架：將大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)視為一種對個體的認(rèn)知、思維、情感和行動產(chǎn)生持久的、實(shí)質(zhì)的和深遠(yuǎn)的影響的社會實(shí)踐活動,即“學(xué)習(xí)即生活”、“學(xué)校即社會”,分析大學(xué)場域與外在社會的結(jié)構(gòu)對應(yīng)關(guān)系,探尋大學(xué)場域是如何作為關(guān)鍵性的中介環(huán)節(jié),來同時發(fā)揮社會性變量和個體性變量的作用共同建構(gòu)大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的,從而揭示大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的生成性動力機(jī)制、運(yùn)作邏輯及其在社會、歷史變遷中的變化機(jī)制和演進(jìn)邏輯,以及大學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐對個體發(fā)展、對社會發(fā)展的作用和意義。 從工業(yè)社會向知識社會的轉(zhuǎn)型,業(yè)已成為社會發(fā)展的一種客觀存在和必然趨勢。一種生成的、不確定的建構(gòu)主義知識觀正取代以往普遍的、確定的客觀主義知識觀,這一變化對人類的認(rèn)識論也產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。在社會轉(zhuǎn)型的外在支持機(jī)制和知識轉(zhuǎn)型的內(nèi)生動力機(jī)制的雙重影響下,大學(xué)也將朝著知識型和學(xué)習(xí)型組織的方向演進(jìn)。無論是知識社會的變遷,還是學(xué)習(xí)型大學(xué)的創(chuàng)設(shè),都意味著人即將成為知識社會和學(xué)習(xí)型大學(xué)中的核心主體�；诖�,對未來的大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)改革而言,“人的主體性發(fā)展”已不再是一個“是否需要”的問題,而是一個“如何實(shí)現(xiàn)”的問題。如何建構(gòu)一種基于大學(xué)生主體性發(fā)展的學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐,是當(dāng)前大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)改革中亟待探索的一個“真”問題。 從當(dāng)前我國大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的現(xiàn)狀來看,大學(xué)場域仍然沿襲著與工業(yè)社會相對應(yīng)的科層型結(jié)構(gòu),這一結(jié)構(gòu)又進(jìn)一步鞏固和強(qiáng)化了大學(xué)生在長期制度化學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷中業(yè)已生成的以“順從”和“服從”為特征的常規(guī)性學(xué)習(xí)慣習(xí),從而不斷形塑著他們的應(yīng)試性學(xué)習(xí)策略。盡管知識社會的轉(zhuǎn)型以及高等教育大眾化進(jìn)程的加速,在喚醒大學(xué)生主體性意識的同時,也導(dǎo)致大學(xué)生常規(guī)性學(xué)習(xí)慣習(xí)的滯后效應(yīng)及其所固化的應(yīng)試性學(xué)習(xí)策略同知識社會的發(fā)展需求之間呈現(xiàn)出一種“不合拍”甚至“脫節(jié)”現(xiàn)象。對此,本研究從大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的生成性動力機(jī)制、演進(jìn)邏輯出發(fā),結(jié)合當(dāng)前大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐中存在的問題及原因,來進(jìn)一步探討如何在知識社會的轉(zhuǎn)型背景下構(gòu)建基于大學(xué)生的主體性發(fā)展的學(xué)習(xí)型大學(xué)場域和反思性學(xué)習(xí)慣習(xí)。 本文一共分為六章進(jìn)行闡述。第一章,導(dǎo)論,介紹了論文選題的緣起和研究意義,在進(jìn)行文獻(xiàn)回顧的基礎(chǔ)上提出了本研究的核心概念、研究思路、總體框架、研究方法和可能創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。第二章分析了大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的生成性動力機(jī)制。本章力圖突破以往大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)研究中主客二分的認(rèn)識論傾向,轉(zhuǎn)向一種綜合了“結(jié)構(gòu)主義”路徑和“建構(gòu)主義”路徑的社會實(shí)踐理論,對大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的生成機(jī)制和變化機(jī)制進(jìn)行全視角的詮釋和解讀。第三章從社會轉(zhuǎn)型的視角出發(fā),采取了歷時性分析和共時性分析相結(jié)合的研究路徑,通過大學(xué)場域的中觀介入,探討社會的結(jié)構(gòu)性變遷與大學(xué)生心智結(jié)構(gòu)的生成和變化之間的關(guān)系,分析大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的發(fā)展進(jìn)程、運(yùn)作邏輯和演進(jìn)趨勢。第四章借助問卷調(diào)查和個案訪談的方式,針對當(dāng)前大學(xué)場域中大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的現(xiàn)實(shí)境遇,分別進(jìn)行了描述分析、比較分析和綜合考察。第五章在前述理論解讀、實(shí)踐探索和現(xiàn)狀分析的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步審視和思考制約大學(xué)生主體性學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐和發(fā)展的問題以及成因。第六章圍繞大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐研究的基本結(jié)論,立足于知識社會轉(zhuǎn)型的背景,結(jié)合大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的生成性動力機(jī)制及其面向未來的研究趨勢,嘗試構(gòu)建基于主體性發(fā)展的大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)實(shí)踐的現(xiàn)實(shí)路徑,以期對當(dāng)前正在進(jìn)行的大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)改革提供可供參考的有益借鑒。
[Abstract]:With the traditional college students' learning studies have taken substantial thinking in different ways, the social practice theory of Bourdieu provides us with a unique perspective of the relationship between the way of thinking. Based on the use of "field", "capital" and "habitus" and "strategy" open concept, this study formed a framework of analysis the practice of College Students' learning: Students' learning as a kind of individual cognition, thinking, emotion and action lasting, substantial and far-reaching influence of social practice, namely "learning is life", "school is society", analysis of the structure of the university field and the external social relationship, to explore the university the field is how to link the key as an intermediary, to play social variables and the individual variables of the common construction of college students to study and practice, so as to reveal the formation of College Students' learning practice Sexual driving mechanism, operation logic and its changing mechanism and evolution logic in the social and historical changes, as well as the role and significance of College Students' learning practice on individual development and social development.
The transition from industrial society to knowledge society, has become a kind of objective existence of social development and the inevitable trend. A generation of Constructivism knowledge uncertainty concept is to replace the previous general knowledge, the concept of objectivism epistemology, the change of human also had a profound impact. The dual influence of dynamic mechanism in the social transformation of the external support mechanism and the transformation of knowledge in the University, will be towards the knowledge and learning organization in the direction of evolution. Both the changes in the knowledge society, or the creation of learning type university, means that people will become the core of social knowledge and learning in the University. Based on this, the future reform of College Students' learning, "subject development" is no longer a "need", but a "how to realize" problem. How to construct a Yu Da base The learning practice of the development of students' subjectivity is a "true" problem that needs to be explored in the current study reform of college students.
From the current situation of China's College Students' learning practice, the university field still followed the hierarchical structure corresponding to the structure of industrial society, and further consolidate and strengthen the college students in long-term institutionalized learning experience has been generated by "obedience" and "subject" as the characteristics of the conventional learning habit, in order to shape the examination of their learning strategy. Despite the accelerated transformation of the knowledge society and the popularization of higher education, in the wake of the students' subjectivity consciousness at the same time, also lead to college students' learning habitus lag effect of conventional and curing test between learning strategies with the development needs of the knowledge society presents a "in" or "out of touch" phenomenon. In this regard, the study of the dynamic mechanism from the practice of college students, the evolution of logical starting, combined with the current college students' learning. Problems and reasons existing in the practice, to further explore how the transformation of knowledge society under the construction of learning university development of College Students' subjectivity of field and habitus based on reflective learning.
This paper is divided into six chapters. The first chapter, introduction, introduces the topics of the origin and significance of the study, based on the literature review of the core concepts, the research framework, research ideas, research methods and possible innovations. Chapter second analyzes the college students' learning practice of dynamic mechanism this chapter tries to break through the learning of college students on the tendency of objective and subjective understandings of two points to a comprehensive study, the path of "structuralism" and "constructivism" path theory of social practice, forming mechanism and the changing mechanism of College Students' learning practice are in full view of interpretation and interpretation. The third chapter embarks from the social transformation from the perspective of the research path of diachronic analysis and synchronic analysis unifies, through the concept of university field intervention, explore structural changes and the college students' mental structure of society The relationship between generation and change, analysis of College Students' learning practice development process, operation logic and trend of evolution. The fourth chapter through the questionnaire and interview method, according to the reality of the situation of the current university students to learn and practice in the field, were carried out descriptive analysis, comparative analysis and comprehensive study. In the fifth chapter, the theoretical interpretation. Based on the analysis of the present situation of exploration and practice, to further examine and thinking of restricting college students' subjective learning practice and development problems and causes. The sixth chapter focuses on the basic conclusion of practice of college students, based on the knowledge of the background of social transformation, combined with the practice of the research trend of generative mechanism of learning of college students and for the future, try to construct reality study and practice the path oriented development of college students based on the work in order to reform the current college students can provide A useful reference for reference.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：C913.4

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