本文選題：道德健康　切入點：道德健康教育　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：健康是促進人的全面發(fā)展的必然要求,對每個人都有著普遍的價值。隨著人類社會的發(fā)展,人們對健康的認(rèn)識逐步深入,從僅重視生理健康,到生理健康與心理健康并重,再到生理、心理、道德健康三位一體的綜合健康觀,健康的內(nèi)涵從生物學(xué)到心理學(xué)再到倫理學(xué),不斷發(fā)展深化。道德健康的提出,反映了人們對健康認(rèn)識的深化,也反映了人們對自身本質(zhì)認(rèn)識的深化。人的健康問題,不僅要用生物的眼光看待,還要從道德的角度去審視,即從個體如何對待和處理面臨的各種現(xiàn)實關(guān)系時所體現(xiàn)的德性水平來判斷,從個體以怎樣的方式去適應(yīng)社會來判斷,這就是個體的道德健康水平。道德健康的重要性需要我們重視道德健康教育,道德健康教育是實現(xiàn)道德健康的必要途徑。道德健康教育是一個涉及多學(xué)科的綜合性內(nèi)容,可以從健康學(xué)、教育學(xué)等角度來研究,本文對道德健康教育的研究從倫理學(xué)的角度展開。文章立足于馬克思主義的立場,從倫理學(xué)的視角,綜合運用教育學(xué)、心理學(xué)、社會學(xué)等多學(xué)科知識,運用理論與現(xiàn)實相結(jié)合、歷史與邏輯相結(jié)合、比較研究等方法,嘗試對道德健康教育進行研究。主要內(nèi)容和觀點包括:第一,對道德健康、道德健康教育進行基礎(chǔ)理論研究。首先對“道德健康教育”的內(nèi)涵進行闡釋。在闡釋健康、道德健康、“健康的道德”內(nèi)涵的基礎(chǔ)上,提出“道德健康教育”的內(nèi)涵:所謂道德健康教育,就是社會以個體道德健康的實現(xiàn)為目標(biāo),通過“健康的道德”有計劃、有組織地對個體的道德發(fā)展進行干預(yù)的活動。道德健康教育既以個體道德健康的實現(xiàn)為目標(biāo),又對社會的道德健康提出一定要求。道德健康教育有兩層內(nèi)涵:一是針對個體的道德健康所進行的教育,以個體道德上的健康為目標(biāo);二是通過“健康的道德”來對個體進行教育�！敖】档牡赖隆笔菍�人與社會的雙重制約、雙向要求,這就使得道德健康教育在以個體道德健康的實現(xiàn)為目標(biāo)的同時,又對社會的道德健康提出一定要求。其次對道德健康教育的理論來源及學(xué)科基礎(chǔ)進行分析。從中國傳統(tǒng)思想史、西方思想史以及馬克思主義的道德理論中尋求道德健康教育的理論依據(jù),同時對道德健康教育的學(xué)科基礎(chǔ)進行論證。第二,對道德健康教育的現(xiàn)實依據(jù)進行分析。一定的道德意識是一定社會政治和經(jīng)濟的反映。道德健康教育的提出,是我國社會歷史發(fā)展進程中市場經(jīng)濟、民主政治、先進文化不斷發(fā)展的結(jié)果。同時,道德健康教育是個人全面發(fā)展、利益滿足的需要,是提升個體的社會認(rèn)同、為社會發(fā)展提供強大精神動力的需要,也是提升道德教育實效性的需要。第三,分析道德健康教育的基本內(nèi)容。道德健康教育的目標(biāo)是實現(xiàn)個體道德上的健康,是一種道德上的良好狀態(tài),道德健康教育的基本內(nèi)容首先應(yīng)圍繞這一目標(biāo)來確定。同時應(yīng)注重“健康的道德”的要求,這是道德健康教育區(qū)別于一般道德教育的特殊要求。具體而言,道德健康教育主要應(yīng)包括以下基本內(nèi)容:首先確立道德健康的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、明確道德健康的基本要求,在此基礎(chǔ)上圍繞激發(fā)道德需要、提升道德認(rèn)識、強化道德態(tài)度、提升道德能力四個方面展開。第四,提出道德健康教育的方法論原則。道德健康教育的方法論原則需要體現(xiàn)道德健康教育具體方法的共性,對道德健康教育具體方法的選擇和運用具有普遍性的指導(dǎo)作用。同時,道德健康教育的方法論原則應(yīng)滿足邏輯和實踐兩方面的要求:它一方面應(yīng)是道德健康教育含義的邏輯展開,另一方面則應(yīng)反映每個社會成員的健康利益,成為道德健康教育中應(yīng)遵循的普遍道德原則。因篇幅所限,本文探討了道德健康教育的一般方法論原則:教育主體與教育客體相統(tǒng)一、社會價值與個體價值相統(tǒng)一、理想性與現(xiàn)實性相統(tǒng)一。第五,探索道德健康教育的實現(xiàn)路徑。關(guān)于道德健康教育的實現(xiàn)路徑,主要從四個方面進行了探討:一是以“健康的道德”為立足點,一方面樹立道德權(quán)利與道德義務(wù)相統(tǒng)一的觀念,另一方面正確處理道德權(quán)利與道德義務(wù)之間的關(guān)系;二是注重道德健康教育方法的選擇,并具體分析了幾種主要的道德健康教育方法:理論灌輸法、生活體驗法、榜樣示范法、無痕滲透法、道德獎懲法;三是優(yōu)化道德健康教育的社會環(huán)境,從制度、輿論兩方面就如何營造公正的社會環(huán)境進行了探索;四是注重個體道德健康的自教自律,并探索了個體道德健康自教自律的主要途徑:學(xué)思結(jié)合、反躬自省、慎獨慎微、積善成德。本論文的研究意義在于:一是有利于人的全面而自由的發(fā)展。從縱向的方面看,道德健康教育不僅能夠促進個體的生理、心理健康,而且能夠滿足個體的道德需要,實現(xiàn)個體精神上的追求。從橫向的方面看,道德健康教育能夠幫助個體合理解決自我需要與社會需要之間的矛盾,使個體自覺地適應(yīng)社會。二是有利于和諧社會的構(gòu)建。和諧社會是以和諧的個體為基礎(chǔ)的。對于和諧社會的構(gòu)建而言,個體的道德健康與公平正義的制度安排具有同等的重要性,個體的道德健康水平是構(gòu)建和諧社會的關(guān)鍵因素。同時,道德健康教育對社會本身健康性的要求也有利于社會的發(fā)展與完善,有利于和諧社會的構(gòu)建。三是有利于德育理論的豐富及德育實效性的增強。如何適應(yīng)時代要求從傳統(tǒng)德育向新型德育轉(zhuǎn)變,是德育理論在新情況、新形勢下面臨的嶄新課題。只有在理論上不斷提高自身的創(chuàng)新能力,更富“時效性”,德育理論才能不斷增強其“實效性”。隨著人們對健康認(rèn)識的深化,健康的倫理維度——道德健康的重要性受到越來越多人的重視,這就需要德育理論也與時俱進,加強道德健康教育研究。
[Abstract]:Health is the inevitable requirement of promoting the all-round development of people, for everyone has a universal value. With the development of human society, people's understanding of health gradually, from only pays attention to the physiological and physical health, health and psychological health, and then to the physical, psychological, moral health three-in-one comprehensive health concept, health the connotation from biology to psychology and ethics, continuously deepening development. Moral health, reflects the deepening of people's health awareness, reflects a profound understanding of the nature of their own. People with health problems, not only to look at the biological vision, but also to examine from the angle of morality, namely virtue level reflected from a variety of realistic individual how to deal with the face of the judge, to judge from the individual how to adapt to the society, which is the individual moral health level of moral health. We need to pay attention to the importance of moral education, moral education is a necessary means to achieve moral health. Moral education is a multi-disciplinary comprehensive content, can learn from the health, education and other angles to study, this paper research on the moral health education from the perspective of ethics. The article is based on the Marx doctrine the position, from the angle of ethics, comprehensive use of education, psychology, sociology and other disciplines of knowledge, using the combination of theory and reality, the combination of history and logic, comparative research methods, attempts to research on the moral education. The main contents and viewpoints include: first, to moral health, research on basic theory of morality health education. First, the connotation of "moral education" interpretation. In the interpretation of health and moral health, "based on the connotation of moral health", put forward "moral health The connotation of health education ": the so-called moral education, is to realize the social individual moral health as the goal, through the" healthy moral "plan, intervention of the organization of individual moral development activities. Moral education is to realize the individual moral health as the goal, and put forward certain requirements of society moral health. Moral education has two connotations: one is for the individual moral health education to individual moral health as the goal; the two is through the" healthy moral "to carry out the education of the individual." healthy morality "is the dual constraints of individual and society two requirements, this makes the moral education in the realization of individual moral health as the goal at the same time, and put forward certain requirements of social moral health. Secondly on the moral education theory origin and subject foundation of From the traditional analysis. Chinese thought history, seeks the theoretical basis of moral education to the history of Western thought and Marx's moral theory, at the same time, on the basis of moral education for the demonstration. Second, according to the reality of moral education are analyzed. Some moral consciousness is the reflection of social politics and economy. The moral health education, is the market economy, China's social and historical development in the process of democratic politics, the result of the development of advanced culture. At the same time, moral education is the comprehensive development of individuals, to meet the interests, is to enhance the individual social identity, the need to provide a powerful spiritual force for social development, but also need to improve the effectiveness of moral education third. Analysis of basic content of moral education. Moral education is to achieve the goal of individual moral health, is a good form of morality State, the basic content of moral education should first focus on this target is determined. At the same time should focus on "moral health", this is the difference between the special requirements of moral education in general moral education. Specifically, moral education should include the following basic contents: firstly establish the moral health standards, clear the basic requirements of moral health, on the basis of this around to stimulate moral needs, enhance moral understanding, strengthen the moral attitude, four aspects to enhance the moral ability. Fourth, put forward methods of moral health education on moral principles. The method of health education on the principle of moral education needs to reflect the specific methods in common use and specific guidance the method of moral education choice is universal. At the same time, the method of health education on moral principles should meet the requirements of two aspects: the logic and practice it It is a moral education meaning of logic development, on the other hand should reflect every member of society's health benefits, become the universal moral principles and moral health education. Due to limited space, this paper discusses the general method of health education on moral principles: the subject of education and education object unity, social value and the individual value of unity, unity of ideal and reality of. Fifth, explore the path to achieve moral health education. On the realization path of moral education, mainly from four aspects: one is to "moral health" as the starting point, a set of moral rights and obligations of unity the concept on the other hand, correctly handle the relationship between moral rights and moral obligation; the two is to pay attention to health education methods of moral choice, and analyzes several main methods: physical and moral health education Theory of indoctrination method, experience method, model demonstration method, seamless penetration method, moral rewards and punishment method; three is to optimize the moral education to the social environment, from the system, two aspects of public opinion of how to create a fair social environment is explored; the four is to pay attention to the health of individual moral self-education and self-discipline, and explore the individual moral since the main way to teach health: self learning and thinking, read, Shendu Shenwei, jishanchengde. The research meaning of this paper is: one is beneficial to people's free and all-round development. From the longitudinal perspective, moral education can not only promote the individual's physical, mental health, but also to meet the individual moral to realize the individual spiritual pursuit. From the horizontal perspective, moral health education can help individuals solve self contradiction and social need between the needs, to consciously adapt to the society. The two is favorable To build a harmonious society. A harmonious society is a harmonious individual basis. For the construction of a harmonious society, with equal importance to individual moral health and justice system, the individual moral health level is the key factor to build a harmonious society. At the same time, the moral requirements of health education on the health of society itself but also conducive to the development of society and improvement, is conducive to building a harmonious society. The three is conducive to enhancing the effectiveness of moral education and moral education theory. How to adapt to the times change from traditional moral education to the new moral education, is the theory of moral education in the new situation, a new challenge under the new situation. Only in theory to improve their ability to innovate more "timeliness", the theory of moral education in order to continue to enhance its effectiveness. With the deepening of people's health awareness, health -- ethical dimension The importance of moral health has been paid more attention by more and more people. This requires the theory of moral education to keep pace with the times and strengthen the research of moral health education.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D648
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本文編號：1576641