本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益問題研究　出處：《吉林大學》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 中國共產(chǎn)黨 群眾權(quán)益 歷史進程 實踐經(jīng)驗

【摘要】：致力于實現(xiàn)最廣大人民的根本利益是馬克思主義最鮮明的政治立場。中國共產(chǎn)黨在結(jié)合自身建設和國情實際推進馬克思主義中國化時,也緊緊抓住了維護群眾權(quán)益這一根本問題,提出了“一切為了群眾,一切依靠群眾”、“始終代表中國最廣大人民的根本利益”、“實現(xiàn)好、維護好、發(fā)展好最廣大人民的根本利益”等一系列維護群眾權(quán)益的理論主張。伴隨社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制的建立和經(jīng)濟社會的迅猛發(fā)展,中國社會的階級、階層結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了變化,不再是簡單地由工人階級、農(nóng)民階級和知識分子階層,即我們常說的“兩個階級一個階層”構(gòu)成,一些其它階層,如社會管理者、私營企業(yè)主、專業(yè)技術(shù)人員等新興階層逐漸形成。不同階層的權(quán)益需求日益多元化,權(quán)益關(guān)系愈發(fā)復雜化,權(quán)益主體之間產(chǎn)生矛盾與沖突的可能性加大。中國共產(chǎn)黨作為我國執(zhí)政黨,在協(xié)調(diào)權(quán)益關(guān)系、解決權(quán)益沖突、維護群眾權(quán)益方面發(fā)揮著難以替代的重要作用。在改革攻堅期、社會轉(zhuǎn)型期和矛盾凸顯期下,研究中國共產(chǎn)黨如何更好地維護人民群眾權(quán)益問題,對于中國共產(chǎn)黨履行好為人民服務的宗旨、深化經(jīng)濟社會與行政體制改革、構(gòu)建和諧社會、鞏固執(zhí)政地位、實現(xiàn)國家治理體系和治理能力現(xiàn)代化等,都具有重要意義。在論文的論證過程中,首先全面梳理了中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的理論依據(jù),緊接著總結(jié)了中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的歷史進程和實踐經(jīng)驗。隨后,對西方社會維護公民權(quán)益的理論和經(jīng)驗進行概括總結(jié),以期加以鏡鑒。在這之后,對中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益所取得的成就、面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及存在的問題進行了闡釋。最后,針對這些問題,對當前中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的對策進行了積極探索和理論回應。論文從六個章節(jié)對中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益問題展開全面而深入的研究,擇要言之:第1章為緒論部分。對研究意義、研究思路與方法、創(chuàng)新之處與不足等進行了說明,對國內(nèi)外學術(shù)界的研究現(xiàn)狀進行了梳理和述評。本文在理論觀點方面主要有三個可能的創(chuàng)新之處:一是對中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益問題的理論依據(jù)進行了系統(tǒng)梳理;二是對西方社會維護公民權(quán)益的參考與批判進行概述;三是對中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的對策進行了積極探索。第2章為中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的理論依據(jù)。主要概述了馬克思恩格斯在其唯物史觀、對資本的批判、無產(chǎn)階級政黨理論及人本思想體系中對維護群眾權(quán)益問題的理論論述;列寧在建立無產(chǎn)階級國家的實踐中對維護群眾權(quán)益問題的理論探索;中國共產(chǎn)黨在自身建設發(fā)展以及推進馬克思主義中國化的進程中,對維護群眾權(quán)益問題的理論繼承和新的理論推進。第3章為中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的歷程與經(jīng)驗。在研究中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的歷史進程方面,按照新民主主義革命時期、社會主義革命和建設時期、改革開放以來等三個主要歷史時期進行概述;在總結(jié)中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的基本經(jīng)驗方面,凝練出堅持黨的領導、貫徹群眾路線、黨員率先垂范、始終面向?qū)嵺`、維護根本利益等五條基本經(jīng)驗;在維護群眾權(quán)益的時代吁求方面,從中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益是實現(xiàn)為人民服務宗旨、推進服務型政府轉(zhuǎn)型、構(gòu)建和諧社會、鞏固執(zhí)政地位和推進國家治理現(xiàn)代化的需要等五個層面展開論述。第4章為西方社會維護公民權(quán)益的參考與批判。首先梳理了西方社會較有代表性的政治思潮在維護公民權(quán)益方面的理論,包括自由主義理論、福利國家理論、“第三條道路”理論和社會治理理論。在此基礎上,剖析了西方社會維護公民權(quán)益的經(jīng)驗,即通過權(quán)力的制約、依賴發(fā)達的公民社會組織、提高公民的政治參與等來維護公民權(quán)益。最后,反思并批判了西方社會在維護公民權(quán)益中存在的問題,包括西方政治制度與維護公民權(quán)益存在的悖反、西方福利國家模式的債務危機與效率困境、西方自由主義思潮對維護公民權(quán)益的困擾等,并分析其對中國共產(chǎn)黨維護公民權(quán)益的警示意義。第5章為中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的現(xiàn)狀。主要論述中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益取得的成就、面臨的挑戰(zhàn)以及存在的問題。在取得的成就方面,論述了經(jīng)濟和社會發(fā)展、“兩個根本性轉(zhuǎn)變”、依法治國分別為維護群眾權(quán)益提供了物質(zhì)保障、政治保障和法律保障;在面臨的挑戰(zhàn)方面,論述了群眾的階層分化、權(quán)益協(xié)調(diào)與民生問題等為維護群眾權(quán)益帶來的挑戰(zhàn);在存在的問題方面,總結(jié)了中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益尚存在不同程度的形式主義和官僚主義、社會管理與公共服務落后于時代發(fā)展、行政權(quán)力向基層治理中的過度延伸以及相關(guān)機制不夠健全等四個主要問題,本文認為只有清楚地認識現(xiàn)狀、直面問題和挑戰(zhàn)才能更好地維護群眾權(quán)益。第6章為當前加強中國共產(chǎn)黨維護群眾權(quán)益的對策。主要從切實踐行群眾路線的基本要求、完善維護群眾權(quán)益機制、深入探索基層自治的有效途徑、更加注重社會組織的協(xié)同參與等四個方面進行探討。在論述踐行群眾路線的基本要求時,從強化宗旨意識、加強作風建設和加快政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)齻�方面著力;在論述社會組織協(xié)同參與時,從鼓勵社會組織參與社會管理、提高其公共服務能力、拓展其活動空間等方面著力;在論述基層自治途徑時,從提高自治能力和積極性、依法依規(guī)進行、擴大自治范圍等方面著力;在論述完善維護群眾權(quán)益機制時,從完善訴求表達機制、利益調(diào)節(jié)機制、矛盾調(diào)處機制及權(quán)益保障機制等方面著力。
[Abstract]:Is committed to the realization of the fundamental interests of the people is the most distinctive of Marx's political stance. Chinese Communist Party in the light of its own construction and the actual situation of the country promote the Marx doctrine of China, also firmly grasp the fundamental issue of the maintenance of the interests of the masses, put forward the "all for the masses, all rely on the masses", "always representing the fundamental interests" Chinese most people ", realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the people" and a series of safeguard the interests of the masses ideas. With the rapid development of socialist market economic system and the establishment of social economy, China social class, changes of class structure, is no longer simply by the workers class, the peasant class and intellectuals, that we often say "two classes and one stratum", some other sectors, such as social management, the owners of private enterprises Professional and technical personnel, and other emerging class gradually formed. The interests of different sectors increasingly diverse needs, interests increasingly complex, increase the possibility of the contradiction and conflict of interests between the subjects. Chinese Communist Party as the ruling party in China, in the coordination of relations between the interests of rights and interests, resolve conflicts, plays an important role that cannot be replaced by maintaining the rights and interests of the people in the reform period, and the period of social transformation period of prominent contradiction, research Chinese how the Communist Party to better safeguard people's rights and interests, to fulfill the China Communist Party to serve the people of purpose, deepen the reform of the system of economic society and administration, to build a harmonious society, to consolidate the ruling status, to achieve national governance systems and governance capacity modernization., are of great significance. In the process of argumentation of this thesis, firstly combed the theoretical basis of the Communist Party of China to safeguard the people's interests, then A summary of the history of the Communist Party of China to safeguard the people's interests and experience. Then, summarizes the western social civil rights theory and experience, in order to mirror. After this, the Communist Party of China and safeguard the rights and interests of achievements, challenges and problems are explained. Finally to solve these problems, to actively explore and respond to the current theory Chinese countermeasures to safeguard the people's interests. The Communist Party from the six sections of the Communist Party of China safeguard the interests of the masses of comprehensive and in-depth research, the words: the first chapter is the introduction part. The research significance, research ideas and methods, innovation and problems are described, summarize and review the research status of domestic and foreign academic circles. There are three main innovations of this paper in theory: one is to The theoretical basis and safeguard the rights and interests of the Communist Party Chinese systematically; the two is on the western society to safeguard civil rights and interests of reference and criticism are outlined; the three is explored actively the Communist Party Chinese countermeasures to safeguard the people's interests. The second chapter is the theoretical basis of the Communist Party of China to safeguard the people's interests. It mainly summarizes Marx Engels in his materialism on the view of history, criticism of capital theory, discusses the problems and safeguard the rights and interests of the proletarian party and the theory of ideology; Lenin exploration to safeguard the rights and interests of the theory in the practice of establishing proletarian state; Chinese Communist Party on the development of their construction and promote the Marx doctrine Chinese in the process, to safeguard the interests of the masses the theory of inheritance and new theoretical development. The third chapter is Chinese Communist Party History to safeguard the people's interests and experience in research. The historical process of the Communist Party of Chinese to safeguard the people's interests, in accordance with the new democratic revolution, socialist revolution and construction period, since the reform and opening up the three major historical periods are outlined; in the basic experience of the Communist Party of China to safeguard the people's interests, finds out the leadership of the party, carry out the mass line, the party has always been taking the lead, practice oriented and safeguard the fundamental interests of the five aspects of basic experience; in the era of appeal to safeguard the people's interests, from the Communist Party of China safeguard the interests of the masses is to achieve the purpose of serving the people, promote the transformation of service-oriented government, building a harmonious society, to consolidate the ruling position and promote the modernization of national governance needs five aspects. The fourth chapter is the reference and the social criticism of western civil rights. The first sort of Western society are more representative of the political thoughts in the maintenance of the rights and interests of citizens Aspects of the theory, including the theory of liberalism, the welfare state theory, the "third way" theory and the theory of social governance. On this basis, analysis of the western social rights protection experience, namely through the restriction of power, rely on the developed civil society organizations, improve the citizen's political participation and to safeguard the rights and interests of citizens. Finally, reflection and criticize the western society in the maintenance of civil rights in question, including the western political system and safeguard the rights and interests of citizens is the paradox of the debt crisis and the predicament of efficiency mode of the western welfare state, western liberalism on civil rights problems, and analyze the Chinese of warning significance to safeguard civil rights and interests of the Communist Party. The fifth chapter is the status of the Communist Party of Chinese to safeguard the people's interests. Mainly discusses the Chinese Communist Party and safeguard the rights and interests of the achievements, challenges and problems . in achievements, discusses the economic and social development, "two fundamental change", the rule of law respectively provides material guarantee and safeguard the rights and interests, political security and legal protection; in the face of challenges, discusses the stratification of the masses, the interests of coordination and livelihood issues to safeguard the interests of the masses the challenges; in the existing problems, summed up the Communist Party China safeguard the interests of the masses there are different degree of formalism and bureaucracy, social management and public service lags behind the development of the times, the administrative power over extended to the base layer and the governance mechanism is not perfect and so on four main problems, this paper argues that only a clear understanding of present situation, facing problems and challenges in order to better safeguard the interests of the masses. The sixth chapter is the countermeasure of strengthening the Chinese Communist Party to safeguard the people's interests. Mainly from the practice of cutting line group The basic requirements of the course, improve the mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests, effective way to explore grassroots autonomy, four aspects should pay more attention to the collaborative participation of social organization are discussed. The basic requirements in the discussion of the practice of the mass line, strengthen the sense of purpose, strengthen style construction and accelerate the transformation of government functions in three aspects in the paper; social organizations involved, from encourage social organizations to participate in social management, improve the capacity of public services, expand its space activities and so on; in this way from the grassroots autonomy, improve autonomous ability and enthusiasm, according to the law, expanding the scope of focus on autonomy; perfecting the mechanism for safeguarding the rights and interests, from the perfect expression mechanism, interest adjustment mechanism, the contradiction between mediation mechanism and rights protection mechanism to.

【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：D252
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本文編號：1380468