本文關(guān)鍵詞：墨學(xué)與馬克思主義中國(guó)化關(guān)系研究　出處：《西北大學(xué)》2016年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 墨學(xué) 馬克思主義 相通性 中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨人 馬克思主義中國(guó)化

【摘要】：從文化層面而言,馬克思主義中國(guó)化之所以得以實(shí)現(xiàn),離不開對(duì)本土文化的深入解析與有效汲取,換言之,共產(chǎn)黨人將馬克思主義之普遍真理和中國(guó)的具體實(shí)際相結(jié)合,與傳統(tǒng)文化相結(jié)合,才推動(dòng)和促成了馬克思主義的中國(guó)化。誠(chéng)然,中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的主要內(nèi)容是儒釋道三家,但不可否認(rèn)的是,作為獨(dú)樹一幟的先秦顯學(xué)——墨家學(xué)說(shuō)對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的形成和中華民族文化性格的塑造同樣發(fā)揮了不容忽視的重要作用,同時(shí)墨學(xué)中的某些社會(huì)理想、價(jià)值理念與倫理追求與馬克思主義雖隔閡時(shí)空卻遙相呼應(yīng)、彼此暗合。因是之故,研究馬克思主義中國(guó)化與中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的關(guān)系,不能無(wú)視或忽視墨家學(xué)說(shuō)。無(wú)論從歷史還是現(xiàn)實(shí)層面來(lái)看,墨學(xué)與馬克思主義中國(guó)化的關(guān)系都是密不可分的。清末民初,幾乎就在馬克思主義被作為一種西方社會(huì)學(xué)說(shuō)傳入中國(guó)之時(shí),中國(guó)古老的思想學(xué)說(shuō)——墨學(xué)以其獨(dú)有的特質(zhì)在學(xué)術(shù)界驟然勃興,產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)文化影響亦愈見深廣。不僅如此,傳入中國(guó)的馬克思主義學(xué)說(shuō)在這個(gè)時(shí)期與墨家學(xué)說(shuō)相接觸并初步會(huì)通,為馬克思主義早期傳播創(chuàng)造了有利條件。五四時(shí)期,深受“尊墨抑儒、以墨攻儒”思潮的洗禮,陳獨(dú)秀、李大釗、毛澤東、蔡和森、蕭楚女、鄧中夏、吳玉章等早期馬克思主義者,或是援墨批儒為時(shí)人接受馬克思主義學(xué)說(shuō)提供了適宜的文化土壤和有利的學(xué)術(shù)環(huán)境,或是重視并強(qiáng)調(diào)墨學(xué)與馬克思主義之間的融通與契合而對(duì)墨學(xué)進(jìn)行了發(fā)揮和闡揚(yáng),或是高揚(yáng)并身體力行墨家的苦行救世精神,投身于新民主主義革命實(shí)踐中。凡此種種,不僅為墨學(xué)復(fù)興奠定了堅(jiān)實(shí)基礎(chǔ),更磨練了早期共產(chǎn)黨人的思想觀念和人格品質(zhì),為認(rèn)同和接受馬克思主義提供了精神動(dòng)力與智力支持。延安時(shí)期,毛澤東、張聞天、陳伯達(dá)、艾思奇、范文瀾、郭沫若、侯外廬、呂振羽、翦伯贊等共產(chǎn)黨人以唯物史觀為指引,對(duì)墨家倫理思想、樸素唯物主義思想和民主主義思想等方面進(jìn)行了深入、細(xì)致的分析與研究,墨學(xué)中蘊(yùn)含的寶貴的唯物主義成分成為馬克思主義中國(guó)化理論成果的重要思想資源,墨家精神的弘揚(yáng)對(duì)于加強(qiáng)黨的建設(shè)及延安精神的形成也產(chǎn)生了直接影響。從馬克思主義中國(guó)化進(jìn)程的視角看,墨學(xué)復(fù)興及墨家精神的高揚(yáng)無(wú)疑對(duì)其具有積極的推動(dòng)作用。新中國(guó)成立以來(lái),墨學(xué)對(duì)馬克思主義中國(guó)化的進(jìn)程及中國(guó)社會(huì)的發(fā)展也產(chǎn)生了一定影響。綜而觀之,墨學(xué)經(jīng)歷了融入社會(huì)主義建設(shè)初期的意識(shí)形態(tài)、淪為“文化大革命”時(shí)期政治批評(píng)工具以及作為中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義理論體系之文化營(yíng)養(yǎng)三個(gè)發(fā)展階段。在協(xié)調(diào)推進(jìn)“四個(gè)全面”戰(zhàn)略布局、實(shí)現(xiàn)中華民族偉大復(fù)興的現(xiàn)時(shí)代,以習(xí)近平同志為總書記的黨中央高度重視優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的繼承和創(chuàng)造性轉(zhuǎn)化。墨學(xué)作為傳統(tǒng)文化的重要一脈,在許多方面與馬克思主義觀點(diǎn)契合貫通,歷久彌新而散發(fā)出璀璨光芒,對(duì)于現(xiàn)階段“五位一體”的中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義建設(shè)仍具有重要的理論意義和時(shí)代價(jià)值,特別是在培育踐行社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀、全面推進(jìn)從嚴(yán)治黨以及實(shí)施特色大國(guó)外交戰(zhàn)略等方面均具有一定的鑒借意義。由此可見,墨學(xué)是馬克思主義中國(guó)化的重要文化淵源。墨學(xué)與馬克思主義學(xué)說(shuō)在近現(xiàn)代中國(guó)更多地表現(xiàn)出融合和會(huì)通,而不是沖突與碰撞。在馬克思主義中國(guó)化的歷史進(jìn)程中,墨學(xué)為馬克思主義在中國(guó)的傳播與應(yīng)用以及馬克思主義中國(guó)化的促成與發(fā)展提供了重要思想文化土壤,并在馬克思主義中國(guó)化具體實(shí)踐中有著一定程度的表征。與此同時(shí),馬克思主義在中國(guó)的運(yùn)用、發(fā)展和創(chuàng)新,也對(duì)墨學(xué)研究產(chǎn)生了積極的、深刻的影響,使墨學(xué)煥發(fā)了新的學(xué)術(shù)活力。據(jù)此,墨學(xué)與馬克思主義中國(guó)化總體上是相得益彰的關(guān)系,墨學(xué)中的許多寶貴思想對(duì)整合傳統(tǒng)文化的有利資源,不斷推動(dòng)馬克思主義中國(guó)化仍具有重要的文化價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:From the cultural perspective, the Marx doctrine of China is realized, cannot do without in-depth analysis of local culture and learn, in other words, the Communist Party of the actual Marx doctrine of universal truth and Chinese combined with a combination of traditional culture, to promote and contributed to the Marx doctrine of China. Of course, the main contents of Chinese traditional culture of Confucianism is three, but it is undeniable that the pre Qin school, become an independent school in shaping the Mohist theory on the formation of Chinese traditional culture and character of Chinese culture also played an important role can not be ignored, and Mohism of certain social ideals, values and the pursuit of ethics and the Marx doctrine was echoed each other, although the gap space coincide. Because of it, the study of the relationship between the Sinicization of Marx and the traditional Chinese culture can not ignore or ignore the Mohist theory. Both in history and in reality, the relationship between Mohism and the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine is inseparable. In the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, almost when Marx doctrine was introduced into China as a western social theory, Mohist school, with its unique characteristics, flourishing in academia, and its social and cultural influence is more and more extensive. Moreover, the theory of Marx's introduction to China in this period contacted with Mohist School and initially communicated, creating favorable conditions for the early spread of Marx doctrine. The 54 period, by respecting Confucianism, Confucianism was in ink or thought of baptism, Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao, Mao Zedong, Cai Hesen, Xiao Chunv, Deng Zhongxia, Wu Yuzhang and other early Marx doctrine, or aid group for people to accept Marx ink Confucian doctrine provides appropriate cultural soil and favorable academic environment, or attention and emphasize the ink between science and the Marx doctrine of financing and fit of Mohism to play and play, or praise and personally Mohist ascetic salvation spirit, participate in the new democratic revolution practice. All of these not only laid a solid foundation for the Renaissance of Mohism, the more honed the early communist ideology and personality quality, provide spiritual impetus and intellectual support for the recognition and acceptance of the Marx doctrine. During the period of Yanan, Mao Zedong, Zhang Wentian, Chen Boda, Ai Siqi, Fan Wenlan, Guo Moruo, Hou Wailu, Lv Zhenyu, Jian Bozan and other Communist Party with historical materialism as the guidance of Mohist ethics thought, naive materialism and democratic thoughts and other aspects of the in-depth and detailed analysis and research, valuable materialism composition of Mohism contains a Marx's China theory and results of an important ideological resources, promote the Mohist spirit to strengthen the construction of the party and the spirit of Yanan also has a direct impact. From the perspective of the process of the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine, the revival of the Mohism and the spirit of the Mohist school undoubtedly have a positive effect on it. Since the founding of new China, Mohism has also had a certain influence on the process of the Sinicization of Marx doctrine and the development of Chinese society. To sum up, Mohism has gone through three developmental stages: the integration of ideology in the early stage of socialist construction, the tool of political criticism in the period of "Cultural Revolution" and the cultural nutrition as the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics. In the era of coordinating and promoting the "four overall" strategic layout and realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China with Comrade Xi Jinping as the general secretary attached great importance to the inheritance and creative transformation of the excellent traditional culture. Mohism as an important cultural tradition, in many aspects and the Marx doctrine fit through, timeless and exudes a bright light, still has important theoretical significance and value for the construction of socialism China characteristics at this stage of the "five in one", especially in some are in cultivation practice the socialist core values and comprehensive to promote the implementation of strict and characteristic diplomacy strategy by significance. Thus, Mohism is an important cultural origin of the Sinicization of Marx's doctrine. The theory of Mohism and Marx's doctrine in modern China showed more convergence and convergence than conflicts and collisions. In the history of the Marx doctrine of China, Mohism spread and application in the Marx doctrine and the Marx doctrine of China China to provide cultural soil important thought and development, and has a certain degree of characterization in practice in Marx's Chinese. Meanwhile, the application, development and innovation of Marx doctrine in China also had a positive and profound influence on Mohist research and made the Mohist School glow with new academic vitality. Accordingly, the relationship between Mohism and Sinicization of Marx is complementary. In general, many valuable ideas in Mohism still have important cultural value to integrate traditional culture's resources and push Marx doctrine into China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：B224;D61
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本文編號(hào)：1339518