【摘要】：行政合同是順應(yīng)現(xiàn)代行政管理民主化、靈活化的趨勢(shì)而產(chǎn)生的一種創(chuàng)新的行政治理手段。行政合同糾紛的大量發(fā)生是行政合同在行政管理實(shí)務(wù)中廣泛應(yīng)用必然會(huì)帶來的一個(gè)無法忽視的問題。平衡公益與私益,順暢地解決行政合同糾紛成為當(dāng)務(wù)之急。2014年新修改的《行政訴訟法》將行政主體違約的行政合同糾紛納入了行政訴訟的受案范圍,但并未解決相對(duì)人違約產(chǎn)生的糾紛如何解決的問題,其他相關(guān)法律規(guī)范也沒有做出明確的規(guī)定。因此本文以相對(duì)人違約的行政合同糾紛的解決途徑為核心,試著在現(xiàn)有的法律框架下尋找解決相對(duì)人違約的行政合同糾紛的最佳途徑。本文分為四部分。第一部分是對(duì)我國相對(duì)人違約的行政合同糾紛解決途徑的現(xiàn)狀分析。首先,要找到相對(duì)人違約的行政合同糾紛的解決途徑,必須厘清行政合同的概念以及特點(diǎn),這是展開本研究的基礎(chǔ)。通過對(duì)2015年最高法《行政訴訟法》解釋中的行政協(xié)議概念的限縮解釋,本文界定了行政合同的概念,行政合同是行政主體為實(shí)現(xiàn)行政管理目標(biāo),在法定職責(zé)范圍內(nèi),和行政相對(duì)人以協(xié)商一致的方式,設(shè)立、變更或消滅行政法上權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系的合同。而行政合同作為一種特殊的合同,其特點(diǎn)是兼具行政性與合意性。其次,根據(jù)行政合同的概念和特點(diǎn),把目前我國立法中分散的行政合同識(shí)別出來,進(jìn)而梳理相關(guān)法律規(guī)范中關(guān)于相對(duì)人違約解決途徑的規(guī)定,發(fā)現(xiàn)我國現(xiàn)行法律并未規(guī)定明確、可行的解決途徑。最后通過相關(guān)案例的分析,認(rèn)識(shí)到司法實(shí)踐中解決途徑的混亂狀況。通過第一部分對(duì)現(xiàn)狀的分析,得出對(duì)相對(duì)人違約的行政合同糾紛的解決途徑問題進(jìn)行探討的必要性和緊迫性。第二部分是對(duì)于我國的三種救濟(jì)途徑的批駁。分別就民事訴訟救濟(jì)途徑說、行政訴訟救濟(jì)途徑說以及申請(qǐng)強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行說進(jìn)行了闡釋和評(píng)析,認(rèn)識(shí)到這三種解決途徑的不妥之處。第三部分是行政處理先行的解決途徑的證成,這部分是本文的重點(diǎn)。首先,介紹域外的相對(duì)人違約的行政合同糾紛的解決途徑,分別分析了英國、法國、德國的相關(guān)規(guī)定及其可借鑒性。然后,重點(diǎn)證成行政處理先行的解決途徑的可行性。目前有部分法官和少數(shù)學(xué)者支持這種觀點(diǎn),其最大優(yōu)勢(shì)在于契合現(xiàn)有法律框架,既可以保證相對(duì)人違約糾紛適用行政法律規(guī)范加以解決,又免于對(duì)《行政訴訟法》“傷筋動(dòng)骨”的修改;既可以維護(hù)公共利益不受損害,又能夠充分保障相對(duì)人的合法權(quán)益。第四部分是行政處理現(xiàn)行制度的具體展開,是本文的核心。首先,探討行政處理先行的幾種方式并探尋其法律依據(jù);其次,討論正當(dāng)程序原則在行政處理先行的解決方式中的適用性問題,本文認(rèn)為,雖則有特殊性,但行政合同畢竟是一種合同。相對(duì)人違約的行政合同糾紛的解決過程中適用正當(dāng)程序原則,會(huì)加重行政主體一方的程序負(fù)擔(dān)。雖然不適用正當(dāng)程序原則,但行政主體可以通過自由裁量決定是否使用協(xié)商、調(diào)解程序。再次,探討比例原則在行政處理先行的解決方式中的適用性問題,本文認(rèn)為,應(yīng)當(dāng)適用比例原則,以防止行政主體濫用職權(quán),損害相對(duì)人的合法權(quán)益。最后,梳理申請(qǐng)人民法院強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的程序。總的來說,本文認(rèn)為,實(shí)踐中客觀存在的相對(duì)人違約的行政合同糾紛的最佳解決途徑就是行政處理先行的解決途徑。行政合同既是一種新的行政管理手段,又是一種特殊的合同,在解決相對(duì)人違約的行政合同糾紛的過程中,既要把握好行政合同的行政性又要把握好其合意性,只有這樣才能在現(xiàn)行的法律框架內(nèi)平衡公益與私益的關(guān)系,發(fā)揮行政合同制度最大的價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The administrative contract is an innovative administrative control method which is based on the trend of the democratization and the spiritual activation of the modern administration. The large number of administrative contract disputes is an inevitable problem that the administrative contract is widely used in the practice of administrative management. It is an urgent task to balance the public interest and private benefit and to smoothly resolve the administrative contract dispute. The new amendment to the Administrative Procedure Law in 2014 has included the administrative contract dispute of the default of the administrative subject in the scope of the case of the administrative litigation, but the problem of how the dispute arising from the default of the relative person is solved is not solved. Other relevant legal norms have not made clear provisions. Therefore, in this paper, the author tries to find the best way to solve the administrative contract dispute of the relative person's default under the existing legal framework. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part is the analysis of the present situation of the dispute resolution of the administrative contract for the relative default of our country. First, it is necessary to clear the concept and characteristics of the administrative contract, which is the basis of the research. By the limitation of the concept of the administrative agreement in the interpretation of the Supreme Law of the People's Republic of China in 2015, this paper defines the concept of the administrative contract, and the administrative contract is the objective of the administrative subject to realize the administrative management. A contract to change or eliminate the relationship between rights and obligations in administrative law. The administrative contract, as a special contract, is characterized by administrative and desirability. Secondly, according to the concept and characteristics of the administrative contract, the current administrative contract which is dispersed in our country's legislation is identified, and then the regulations of the relevant laws and regulations on the way to solve the problem of the relative person's default are sorted out, and it is found that the current law in our country does not provide a clear and feasible solution. Finally, through the analysis of the relevant cases, it is realized that the chaos of the solution in the judicial practice is realized. Through the analysis of the present situation in the first part, the necessity and urgency of the solution to the problem of the settlement of the administrative contract dispute with respect to the default of the person are obtained. The second part is the refutation of three kinds of relief way in our country. On the basis of the way of the relief of the civil action, the way of the remedy of the administrative litigation and the application of the enforcement of the application have been explained and analyzed, and it is realized that the three solutions are not appropriate. The third part is the proof of the solution of administrative processing, this part is the focus of this paper. First of all, the paper introduces the solution of the administrative contract dispute over the territory of the relative person, and analyzes the relevant regulations of the UK, France and Germany and its reference. Then, the paper points out the feasibility of the solution to the administrative process. At present, some judges and a few scholars support this view, and the best advantage is to fit the existing legal framework, so as to ensure that the relative person's default dispute is to be solved by the administrative law standard, and is exempt from the modification of the "injured bone" of the Administrative Procedure Law. Not only can the public interest be maintained, but also the legitimate rights and interests of the relative people can be fully guaranteed. The fourth part is the concrete expansion of the current system of administrative processing, which is the core of this paper. First of all, the paper discusses several ways of administrative processing and explores its legal basis; secondly, the applicability of the principle of due process in the way of administrative processing is discussed, and in this paper, it is considered that the administrative contract is a kind of contract after all. The application of the principle of due process in the settlement process of the administrative contract dispute with respect to the default of the person will increase the procedural burden of the administrative subject. While the principle of due process is not applied, the administrative subject can decide whether to use a consultation or a conciliation procedure through a discretionary decision. Thirdly, the applicability of the proportional principle in the way of the solution of the administrative process is discussed, and the principle of proportionality should be applied in order to prevent the administrative subject from abusing the power and to damage the legitimate rights and interests of the relative. And finally, combing the procedures for enforcement by the people's court. In general, the author thinks that the best way to solve the administrative contract dispute that exists objectively in practice is the solution of the administrative process. The administrative contract is not only a new administrative management means, but also a special contract. In the process of resolving the administrative contract dispute with respect to the person's default, the administrative contract should not only grasp the administrative nature of the administrative contract but also grasp its desirability, Only in this way can the relationship between the public interest and the private interest be balanced within the existing legal framework, and the maximum value of the administrative contract system can be played.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D925.3

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本文編號(hào)：2508573