【摘要】：我國(guó)現(xiàn)階段正是經(jīng)濟(jì)變革,社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的攻克期,各種問(wèn)題和矛盾也接踵而至,如社會(huì)矛盾,人與自然的共處問(wèn)題,突發(fā)公共事件的發(fā)生等等。突發(fā)公共事件的深層誘因是社會(huì)多重不和諧因素共同的作用,突發(fā)公共事件的大量發(fā)生是社會(huì)各領(lǐng)域不和諧的表征。城市是人口、文化、經(jīng)濟(jì)等現(xiàn)代文明資源的集散地,其功能的正常運(yùn)作與否,直接作用于社會(huì)秩序的安定和有序。位于廣東珠三角地區(qū)的河源市隨著城市的不斷發(fā)展,物質(zhì)財(cái)富不斷增加,城市人口密度也越來(lái)越高,這使得突發(fā)性公共事件也越發(fā)復(fù)雜化。目前,河源市戰(zhàn)略管理中有待解決的重要任務(wù)是城市應(yīng)急管理工作的加強(qiáng),應(yīng)急處理能力的提升,最大程度地降低突發(fā)性事件的不良影響,提供可持續(xù)性發(fā)展的穩(wěn)定環(huán)境。本文立足于河源市現(xiàn)階段的公共安全問(wèn)題,在系統(tǒng)分析河源市現(xiàn)階段面對(duì)的各種突發(fā)公共事件的發(fā)展情況及趨勢(shì)的基礎(chǔ)上,從危機(jī)的四個(gè)生命周期——預(yù)防階段、準(zhǔn)備階段、反應(yīng)階段、恢復(fù)階段四個(gè)階段探討河源市突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理的現(xiàn)狀以及存在的問(wèn)題。在參照國(guó)內(nèi)外在相關(guān)方面案例的基礎(chǔ)上,提出完善河源市突發(fā)公共事件應(yīng)急管理的政策建議。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)前河源市的應(yīng)急管理體制已經(jīng)初具形態(tài),該體制以領(lǐng)導(dǎo)統(tǒng)籌、綜合協(xié)作、層級(jí)分工、屬地有責(zé)為主要內(nèi)容。應(yīng)急管理工作已取得一定的成績(jī),但仍存在一些不足:預(yù)防階段方面,存在應(yīng)急管理社會(huì)力量薄弱、應(yīng)急資源不足且整合程度不高的問(wèn)題;準(zhǔn)備階段方面,存在缺乏整合與協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制、不完善的應(yīng)急預(yù)案體系等問(wèn)題;反應(yīng)階段方面,存在缺乏設(shè)置獨(dú)立的部門處理突發(fā)公共事件、缺乏信息公開(kāi)機(jī)制和處理機(jī)制的問(wèn)題;恢復(fù)階段方面,存在社會(huì)參與機(jī)制缺位、恢復(fù)重建缺乏整體規(guī)劃的問(wèn)題。針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題,本文認(rèn)為可從以下幾個(gè)方面對(duì)河源市的應(yīng)急管理工作進(jìn)行改善:在預(yù)防階段,要加強(qiáng)專業(yè)救援隊(duì)伍的建設(shè),深入開(kāi)展應(yīng)急科普宣傳教育工作和加強(qiáng)應(yīng)急資源的管理;在準(zhǔn)備階段,要建立高效的預(yù)警機(jī)制來(lái)防止突發(fā)事件的產(chǎn)生,完善應(yīng)急預(yù)案體系,設(shè)置應(yīng)急管理協(xié)調(diào)機(jī)制來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)突發(fā)事件;在反應(yīng)階段,要完善城市應(yīng)急聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制,同時(shí)塑造良好的政府形象也非常重要;在恢復(fù)階段,要發(fā)動(dòng)非政府組織的參與,相關(guān)政府部門則要統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、有條不紊地開(kāi)展重建。
[Abstract]:The present stage of our country is the period of economic change and social transformation, and all kinds of problems and contradictions also follow, such as the social contradiction, the coexistence of man and nature, the occurrence of unexpected public events and so on. The deep inducement of public emergencies is the common function of many social disharmony factors, and the mass occurrence of sudden public events is the symbol of disharmony in various fields of society. City is the distribution center of modern civilized resources such as population, culture and economy. The normal operation of its function directly affects the stability and order of social order. With the development of the city, Heyuan City in the Pearl River Delta area of Guangdong Province has been increasing its material wealth and population density, which makes the sudden public events more complicated. At present, the important task to be solved in the strategic management of Heyuan city is to strengthen the urban emergency management, to improve the ability of emergency management, to minimize the adverse effects of sudden events, and to provide a stable environment for sustainable development. Based on the public safety problems in Heyuan City at present, this paper systematically analyzes the development and trend of various unexpected public events in Heyuan City at this stage, from the four life cycles of crisis, the prevention phase, the preparation stage. The present situation and existing problems of emergency management of public emergencies in Heyuan City are discussed in the four stages of response and recovery. Based on the relevant cases at home and abroad, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions on how to improve the emergency management of public emergencies in Heyuan City. It is found that the emergency management system of Heyuan City has already taken shape. The main content of this system is leadership coordination, comprehensive cooperation, hierarchical division of labor and territorial responsibility. The work of emergency management has made some achievements, but there are still some shortcomings: in the prevention stage, the social strength of emergency management is weak, the emergency resources are insufficient and the degree of integration is not high; In the preparation stage, there are some problems such as the lack of integration and coordination mechanism, the imperfect emergency plan system, the lack of setting up independent departments to deal with public emergencies, the lack of information disclosure mechanism and the problem of handling mechanism. In the stage of recovery, there are some problems such as the absence of social participation mechanism and the lack of overall planning for restoration and reconstruction. In view of these problems, this paper thinks that the emergency management of Heyuan City can be improved from the following aspects: in the prevention stage, the construction of professional rescue teams should be strengthened. Carrying out the propaganda and education work of popularizing science in emergency and strengthening the management of emergency resources; In the preparation stage, we should establish an efficient early warning mechanism to prevent the emergence of emergencies, improve the emergency plan system, and set up emergency management coordination mechanism to deal with emergencies; In the response stage, it is also very important to perfect the linkage mechanism of urban emergency response and to create a good government image. In the recovery stage, non-governmental organizations should be involved, and the relevant government departments should plan as a whole and carry out reconstruction methodically.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D63

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