【摘要】：隨著全面深化改革的呼聲越來越高,我國在經(jīng)濟、文化、政治領(lǐng)域都開始了改革之路,眾所周知,我國是世界人口大國,也是個農(nóng)業(yè)人口大國,農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)事業(yè)的發(fā)展不僅事關(guān)農(nóng)村的健康穩(wěn)定發(fā)展,還關(guān)系到社會的和諧穩(wěn)定、人民安居樂業(yè),甚至是關(guān)系到整個國家長期穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的頭等大事,在公共服務(wù)事業(yè)發(fā)展進(jìn)程中,構(gòu)建農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)供給機制是發(fā)展農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)事業(yè)的關(guān)鍵。而一個國家的公共服務(wù)建設(shè)情況往往能反映出這個國家的文明程度。近幾年我國步入了快速發(fā)展的改革時期,國家發(fā)改委在農(nóng)村科教文衛(wèi)領(lǐng)域制定了很多新的制度,使得農(nóng)民的生活水平得到整體提升,但是取得種種成就的同時也不得不承認(rèn),暫且不說中國中西部與沿海城市的差別,單單是在同一城市的不同鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)公共服務(wù)建設(shè)步伐也是參差不齊。國家對農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)建設(shè)的支持力度顯然沒有與城市建設(shè)同步,而農(nóng)村人口占比占大多數(shù),他們對這種重城輕農(nóng)的現(xiàn)狀表示非常不滿。這種城鄉(xiāng)非均衡發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀也不利于我國建成和諧社會主義國家,農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)事業(yè)的發(fā)展受到了社會各界關(guān)注的同時,我們應(yīng)該反思,政府應(yīng)該從哪些方面改進(jìn)并加快農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)機制構(gòu)建的步伐,政府要解決的不僅是推進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)公共服務(wù)均等化,加大對農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的支持力度,更多的是讓廣大農(nóng)民群眾民主的參與到創(chuàng)新農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)建設(shè)進(jìn)程中來,共同分享公共服務(wù)現(xiàn)代化成果,而不是僅僅政府唱獨角戲,群眾被動的接受,沒有發(fā)言權(quán)。這是目前急需要解決的問題。特別是在現(xiàn)在全面深化改革的轉(zhuǎn)型期,創(chuàng)新農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)供給機制可以為這一項偉大工程的實現(xiàn)提供理論基礎(chǔ)和途徑支持。本文通過對X縣的公共服務(wù)供給現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查,發(fā)現(xiàn)其在需求表達(dá)、籌資、決策、管理、事后監(jiān)督等方面存在諸多問題,本文分析調(diào)查結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,借鑒了三個不同國家的成功經(jīng)驗,從“需求表達(dá)機制”、“決策機制”、“管理機制”、“籌資機制”、“監(jiān)督機制”五個維度提出了提出并完善農(nóng)村公共服務(wù)供給機制改革的主要途徑。
[Abstract]:With the increasing demand for comprehensive deepening of reform, China has embarked on the road of reform in the economic, cultural and political fields. As we all know, China is a large country with a large population in the world, as well as a country with a large agricultural population. The development of rural public service is not only related to the healthy and stable development of rural areas, but also related to social harmony and stability, people living and working in peace and contentment, and even related to the long-term stable development of the whole country. In the process of the development of public service, the construction of rural public service supply mechanism is the key to the development of rural public service. And the public service construction of a country can often reflect the civilization of the country. In recent years, our country has stepped into a period of rapid development. The National Development and Reform Commission has formulated many new systems in the field of science, education, culture, and health care in rural areas, which have made farmers' living standards improve as a whole, but they also have to admit that they have made all kinds of achievements at the same time. Apart from the differences between central and western China and coastal cities, the pace of construction of public services in different towns in the same city is also uneven. The state's support for the construction of rural public services is obviously not in line with urban construction, and the rural population accounts for the majority. They are very dissatisfied with the situation of emphasizing cities and neglecting agriculture. This unbalanced development of urban and rural areas is also not conducive to the establishment of a harmonious socialist country in China. While the development of rural public services has received attention from all walks of life in society, we should reflect on it. What the government should do to improve and speed up the construction of rural public service mechanism is not only to promote the equalization of urban and rural public services, but also to increase the support for rural public service infrastructure construction. More is to let the broad peasant masses democratic participation in the innovation countryside public service construction process, shares the public service modernization achievement together, rather than just the government sings the monologue, the masses passively accepts, has no right to say. This is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Especially in the transformation period of deepening the reform in an all-round way, innovating the rural public service supply mechanism can provide the theoretical basis and the way support for the realization of this great project. Through the investigation of the current situation of public service supply in X County, we find that there are many problems in the aspects of demand expression, financing, decision making, management, supervision after the event and so on. On the basis of the analysis of the survey results, Drawing on the successful experiences of three different countries, from "demand expression mechanisms", "Decision-making mechanisms", "Management mechanisms" and "financing mechanisms", The five dimensions of "supervision mechanism" put forward the main ways to improve the rural public service supply mechanism reform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D422.6

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