【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)創(chuàng)新驅(qū)動(dòng)戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施,包括商標(biāo)權(quán)在內(nèi)的知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)的價(jià)值與作用愈來愈得到彰顯,知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)對(duì)于各個(gè)國(guó)家乃至各個(gè)行業(yè)的重要性顯而易見。而商標(biāo)權(quán)正是知識(shí)產(chǎn)權(quán)中的重要的一部分。商標(biāo)的價(jià)值也正不斷的得到各個(gè)國(guó)家、各個(gè)行業(yè)的重視。商標(biāo)是一種符號(hào),但是并不是所有的符號(hào)都可以天然的稱之為商標(biāo),符號(hào)只有經(jīng)過使用,使其與商品產(chǎn)生一一對(duì)應(yīng)的聯(lián)系才可以稱之為商標(biāo)法意義上的商標(biāo),正所謂“商標(biāo)的生命在于使用”,只有經(jīng)過使用,商標(biāo)的標(biāo)識(shí)商品或者服務(wù)來源的基本功能才可以得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。商標(biāo)使用的認(rèn)定具有重要的意義和作用,首先,商標(biāo)的確權(quán)方面,從本質(zhì)上來說商標(biāo)權(quán)來自于商標(biāo)使用,只是出于政策和效率的考慮當(dāng)今大多數(shù)國(guó)家采取注冊(cè)取得制;其次,商標(biāo)的撤銷和維持方面,現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)國(guó)家采取多年不使用商標(biāo)可以被申請(qǐng)撤銷的法律規(guī)定,這就使得商標(biāo)使用對(duì)于商標(biāo)是被撤銷或者維持產(chǎn)生了決定性意義;最后,商標(biāo)的保護(hù)范圍和侵權(quán)判定方面,商標(biāo)使用在一定程度上決定了商標(biāo)的保護(hù)范圍大小和保護(hù)力度的強(qiáng)弱,并且在很大程度上決定著商標(biāo)是否構(gòu)成侵權(quán)的判定。商標(biāo)使用的認(rèn)定對(duì)于商標(biāo)法來說具有重要的意義和價(jià)值,對(duì)于商標(biāo)使用認(rèn)定的研究也越來越多。然而,在我國(guó)的立法、行政執(zhí)法乃至司法實(shí)踐中,對(duì)于商標(biāo)使用的認(rèn)定卻還是缺乏明確而清晰的判斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn),以至于經(jīng)常在相似的案件中得出了不同的結(jié)論,嚴(yán)重影響了法律的公正性,損害了司法的權(quán)威性。本文擬結(jié)合國(guó)內(nèi)商標(biāo)使用的認(rèn)定現(xiàn)狀及不足,借鑒域外法關(guān)于商標(biāo)使用認(rèn)定的先進(jìn)理論及實(shí)踐操作,在總結(jié)歸納的基礎(chǔ)上,提出比較明確而清晰的關(guān)于商標(biāo)使用的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。本文首先通過案例的形式,引出了商標(biāo)使用認(rèn)定的相關(guān)問題,介紹了商標(biāo)的本質(zhì)與功能,商標(biāo)使用的含義與類型及商標(biāo)使用認(rèn)定的意義;然后從立法、司法文件及司法實(shí)踐等各個(gè)方面對(duì)我國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)商標(biāo)使用的認(rèn)定規(guī)定進(jìn)行了相應(yīng)的考察,并分析了我國(guó)商標(biāo)使用認(rèn)定現(xiàn)行規(guī)定的不足;其次,本文對(duì)域外如美國(guó)、歐盟及日本等發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家或者地區(qū)的商標(biāo)使用認(rèn)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行了考察及借鑒;最后,本文在通過搜集眾多案例,查閱大量文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,學(xué)習(xí)和借鑒域外發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家或者地區(qū)關(guān)于商標(biāo)使用的認(rèn)定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),結(jié)合我國(guó)的國(guó)情,提出了自己的相對(duì)比較清晰而明確的商標(biāo)使用的認(rèn)定原則及標(biāo)準(zhǔn),即商標(biāo)使用是指具有真實(shí)使用意圖的商標(biāo)使用者,為區(qū)分商品或者服務(wù)的來源,在商業(yè)行銷活動(dòng)中,自主而持續(xù)地公開使用商標(biāo)的行為。認(rèn)定商標(biāo)使用時(shí)要堅(jiān)持能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)區(qū)分商品或者服務(wù)來源這一基本功能及其其他衍生功能、利益平衡、明確商業(yè)使用目的、堅(jiān)持具有細(xì)微差別但不改變商標(biāo)顯著特征的使用亦為商標(biāo)使用的四個(gè)原則。在具體認(rèn)定是否構(gòu)成商標(biāo)使用時(shí)可以從商標(biāo)使用的主體,是否具有真實(shí)的使用意圖,是否是在商業(yè)活動(dòng)中公開、持續(xù)使用,是否能夠區(qū)分商品或者服務(wù)來源,使用的“商標(biāo)”有沒有改變組合形式等幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行綜合判定。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of China's innovation driven strategy, the value and role of intellectual property, including trademark rights, is becoming more and more evident. The importance of intellectual property to various countries and industries is obvious. And trademark right is an important part of intellectual property. The trademark is a symbol, but not all the symbols can be called the trademark naturally. The symbol can be called the trademark in the meaning of the trademark law only after the use of the symbol. It is called "the life of the trademark is in use", and only the trademark is used to mark the commodity. Or the basic functions of the source of service can be realized. The identification of the use of a trademark has an important meaning and role. First, the trademark right is in essence from the use of a trademark, only by taking into account the policy and efficiency of the majority of the countries of today's registered acquisition system; secondly, the revocation and maintenance of the trademark. Now, most countries take the legal provisions that can be revoked for many years without the use of a trademark, which makes the use of a trademark decisive for the revocation or maintenance of a trademark. Finally, the scope of the protection of the trademark and the determination of the infringement, to a certain extent, the use of the trademark determines the scope and protection of the protection of the trademark. The strength of the strength, and to a large extent determines whether the trademark constitutes a judgment of infringement. The identification of trademark use is of great significance and value to the trademark law, and more and more research on the identification of trademark use. However, in our country's legislation, administrative law enforcement is in judicial practice, and the identification of trademark use is still It is lack of clear and clear judgment standard so that it often draws different conclusions in similar cases, which seriously affects the justice of the law and damages the authority of the judiciary. This article is to combine the status and shortcomings of the identification of the use of domestic trademarks, and draw lessons from the advanced theory and Practice of the application of foreign law on the identification of commercial standards. On the basis of concluding, it puts forward a clear and clear standard for the identification of the use of trademarks. First, this article, through the form of case, leads to the related problems of trademark use identification, introduces the essence and function of the trademark, the meaning and type of trademark use and the meaning of trademark use, and then from the legislation, judicial documents and judicial facts. This paper makes a corresponding investigation on the identification of the use of the domestic trademark in China and analyzes the shortcomings of the current regulations of the use of the trademark in our country. Secondly, this article examines and draws lessons from the standards for the identification of trademarks in developed countries or regions, such as the United States, the European Union and Japan. On the basis of a large number of cases and referring to a large number of documents, learning and drawing on the identification standards for the use of trademarks in developed countries or regions outside the country, and combining with the national conditions of our country, we put forward a relatively clear and clear identification principle and standard for the use of trademarks, namely, trademark use is a trademark user with a real intention of use. In order to distinguish the source of goods or services, in the business marketing activities, the act of using the trademark freely and continuously. The basic function and other derivative functions of the product or service source should be maintained when the trademark is used. The balance of interests, the clear use of the business use, the insistence on the subtle difference but not the change. The use of marked characteristics of a trademark is also the four principle of the use of a trademark. Whether it is possible to use the subject of a trademark when the trademark is used or not, whether it has the true intention of use, whether it is open in business activities, and whether it can be used continuously, whether it can distinguish the commodity or service source, and whether the "trademark" used is changed. A comprehensive decision is made in several aspects, such as form and form.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.43

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