【摘要】：意思自治原則最早由誰提出在學界并無定論,但該原則自16世紀由法國學者杜摩蘭提出來之后方引起國際社會的廣泛關注并引發(fā)激烈的爭論則是不爭的事實。該原則原本主要適用于涉外合同關系,即涉外合同關系的當事人可以共同協(xié)議選擇適用于涉外合同關系的法律。由于該原則符合資本主義自由貿(mào)易的需要以及近現(xiàn)代契約自由和人權理論的興起,意思自治原則的適用范圍遠遠超出了涉外合同關系領域,正在不斷地向諸如涉外侵權行為領域、涉外信托關系領域、涉外婚姻家庭關系領域,乃至涉外動產(chǎn)物權關系等領域快速地拓展。我國《涉外民事關系法律適用法》認真審視了該原則的適用范圍快速拓展這一客觀現(xiàn)實,于該法中不僅將意思自治原則作為一般法律適用條款予以規(guī)定,而且在規(guī)定具體的涉外民事關系之法律適用中涉及14種涉外民事關系可以適用意思自治原則。就涉外婚姻家庭關系而言,該法明確規(guī)定涉外協(xié)議離婚、涉外夫妻財產(chǎn)關系可以適用意思自治原則,而對于涉外結婚的形式要件、涉外扶養(yǎng)關系、涉外夫妻人身關系等領域并未明確規(guī)定可以適用意思自治原則。從國際社會新近的國際私法立法與實踐來看,諸多國家將意思自治原則適用于上述涉外婚姻家庭關系。基于此,本人以“論意思自治原則在涉外婚姻家庭關系中的適用”為選題,首先闡述意思自治原則適用于涉外婚姻家庭關系的理論依據(jù),繼而闡釋意思自治原則適用于涉外婚姻家庭關系的范圍,然后重點研討了我國關于意思自治原則適用于涉外婚姻家庭關系的立法特點和主要缺憾,并就如何完善我國關于意思自治原則適用涉外婚姻家庭關系的立法與實踐提出了一些具體建議,企盼能對我國相關國際私法立法的完善,從而及時、妥善地處理涉外婚姻家庭關系方面的爭議有所裨益。全文除導論和結語外,主要包括以下幾個部分:第一部分,闡釋意思自治原則適用于涉外婚姻家庭關系的理論依據(jù)。在涉外婚姻家庭關系法律適用中引入意思自治原則的理論依據(jù)主要包括:婚姻契約自由理論,該理論認為,涉外婚姻關系在本質(zhì)上仍屬于涉外契約關系,既然婚姻關系當事人可以依據(jù)雙方的意思表示締結婚姻家庭關系契約,完全也可以依據(jù)雙方當事人的意思表示共同協(xié)議選擇涉外婚姻家庭關系的法律適用;私權自治理論,該理論認為,婚姻家庭關系是典型的民商事關系,按照西方法學對法律的分類標準,調(diào)整民商事關系的法律應屬于私法,而私法領域通常國家公權不應介入其中,即私權自治,故涉外婚姻家庭關系理應可以適用當事人意思自治原則。現(xiàn)代人權理論認為,應當以人為本位,尊重人的自由和平等權利,尊重人的意思自治,故,以自然人為主體的婚姻家庭關系理應適用意思自治原則。第二部分,闡述意思自治原則適用于涉外婚姻家庭關系的范圍。盡管各國的相關國際私法立法與實踐不盡相同,但意思自治原則主要適用于涉外婚姻家庭關系的如下方面:涉外結婚的形式要件;涉外夫妻關系,它包括涉外夫妻人身關系和涉外夫妻財產(chǎn)關系;涉外離婚關系和涉外扶養(yǎng)關系等。第三部分,研討我國關于意思自治原則適用于涉外婚姻家庭關系的立法特點和主要缺憾。迄今為止,我國關于意思自治原則適用于涉外婚姻家庭關系的立法主要見之于《民法通則》、《涉外民事關系法律適用法》等民事立法之中。這些法律僅僅規(guī)定意思自治原則適用于涉外夫妻財產(chǎn)關系和涉外協(xié)議離婚關系等,而對于意思自治原則是否可以適用于涉外結婚的形式要件、涉外夫妻人身關系和涉外扶養(yǎng)關系并無明確的法律規(guī)定,且對意思自治原則適用于上述涉外婚姻家庭關系并無明確的限制。第四部分,論述我國關于意思自治原則適用于涉外婚姻家庭關系的立法完善�；谏鲜鲅杏懞蛧H社會新近的相關國際私法立法與實踐,筆者認為,我國在將來修訂相關國際私法立法時,應當將意思自治原則擴展適用于如下領域:涉外結婚的形式要件;涉外夫妻人身關系;涉外扶養(yǎng)關系、涉外離婚關系等領域,同時應當對意思自治原則適用于上述領域做出明確的、必要的限制,從而為妥善處理涉外婚姻家庭關系方面的爭議提供更為科學的法律依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:The principle of autonomy was first proposed in the academic world, but it was an indisputable fact that the principle was brought out by the French scholar Du Molan in sixteenth Century and caused a fierce debate. The principle was originally applied to foreign contractual relations, that is, the parties involved in foreign contractual relations can jointly cooperate. Because the principle conforms to the needs of the free trade of capitalism and the rise of the modern freedom of contract and the theory of human rights, the scope of the principle of autonomy of autonomy is far beyond the field of foreign contractual relations, and is constantly moving to the field of foreign torts, such as the foreign-related field of trust, and the field of trust relations, The field of foreign marriage and family relations, and even the relation of real right of foreign movable property has been expanded rapidly. China's law applicable to the law of civil relations concerning foreign affairs has carefully examined the objective reality of the application of this principle. In this law, it not only stipulates the principle of autonomy as the applicable clause of general law, but also stipulates that the principle is applicable. In the legal application of the foreign-related civil relations, 14 kinds of foreign-related civil relations can be applied to the principle of autonomy of the meaning. In terms of marriage and family relations involved in foreign affairs, the law clearly stipulates the divorce in the foreign-related agreement, the property relationship of the husband and wife involved in foreign affairs may apply the principle of autonomy of autonomy, and the form elements of the foreign marriage, the relationship of foreign support and the husband and wife involved in foreign affairs. On the basis of the new international private law legislation and practice, many countries apply the principle of autonomy to the above-mentioned foreign marriage and family relations. Based on this, I choose the topic of "the application of the principle of autonomy in the relationship of marriage and family in foreign affairs", first of all, This paper expounds the theoretical basis of the principle of autonomy for the application of the principle of autonomy to the relationship between foreign marriage and family, then explains the scope of the application of the principle of autonomy to the relationship between foreign marriage and family, and then focuses on the legislative characteristics and shortcomings of our country on the application of the principle of autonomy to the relationship between foreign marriage and family, and how to perfect our country's meaning. The principle of autonomy applies to the legislation and practice of the relationship between foreign marriage and family and puts forward some specific suggestions. It is expected to be beneficial to the improvement of relevant international private law legislation in China, so as to timely and properly deal with disputes concerning foreign marriage and family relations. The full text includes the following parts except introduction and conclusion: the first part, interpretation The theoretical basis for the application of the principle of autonomy to the relationship between marriage and family involved in foreign affairs. The theoretical basis for introducing the principle of autonomy in the legal application of marriage and family relations involved in foreign affairs mainly includes the theory of freedom of marriage contract. The theory holds that the relationship of marriage in foreign affairs is still in essence the contractual relationship of foreign affairs, since the parties to the marriage may be based on the basis of the theory. The meaning of the two parties means to conclude the contract of marriage and family relations, and it can also be used to choose the legal application of the relationship of foreign marriage and family according to the mutual agreement of the parties, and the theory of autonomy of private rights. The theory holds that the relationship between marriage and family is a typical civil and commercial relationship, and the civil and commercial standards are adjusted according to the classification standard of law to the law in the western jurisprudence. The law of the relationship should belong to the private law, and the private law field usually should not intervene in it, that is, private autonomy, so the relationship between the marriage and family should be applicable to the principle of party autonomy. Modern human rights theory holds that it should be people-oriented, respect human freedom and equal rights, and respect human autonomy, so the natural person is a natural person. The principle of autonomy of meaning should be applied to the relationship of marriage and family for the main body. The second part is to elaborate the scope of the principle of autonomy for the application of the principle of autonomy to the relationship between marriage and family involved in foreign affairs. Although the legislation and practice of relevant international private law in various countries are different, the principle of autonomy mainly applies to the following aspects of the relationship of foreign marriage and family: the form of marriage involving foreign affairs. The third part of the relationship between husband and wife involved in foreign affairs, including the relationship between husband and wife and husband and wife, property relations of foreign husband and wife, the relationship of foreign divorce and the relationship between foreign support and so on. The paper discusses the legislative characteristics and main shortcomings of the principle of meaning autonomy applicable to the relationship of foreign marriage and family. The legislation of external marriage and family relations is mainly seen in the general principles of the civil law, the law applicable to the civil relations of foreign affairs, and other civil legislation. These laws only stipulate that the principle of autonomy of autonomy applies to the relationship between husband and wife in foreign affairs and the divorce relation of foreign-related agreements, and whether the principle of autonomy can be applied to the form elements of foreign marriage. There is no clear legal provision for the relationship between man and wife involved in foreign affairs and the relation of foreign-related foster care, and there is no definite restriction on the application of the principle of autonomy of autonomy to the relationship between the above-mentioned foreign marriage and family. The fourth part discusses the legislative perfection of the application of the principle of autonomy of autonomy to the relationship between foreign marriage and family. In the relevant international private law legislation and practice, the author believes that when China revises the relevant international private law legislation in the future, the principle of autonomy should be extended to the following fields: the form elements of marriage involving foreign affairs, the relationship between husband and wife involved in foreign affairs, the relation of foreign-related foster care, the relation of foreign divorce and so on, and the principle of autonomy should be applied to the above principles. We should make clear and necessary restrictions in the field so as to provide a more scientific legal basis for properly handling disputes over marriage and family relations in foreign countries.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D997

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