本文選題：應(yīng)收賬款融資 + 公示�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：所謂應(yīng)收賬款融資,從法學(xué)角度而言,就是將應(yīng)收賬款置于流通領(lǐng)域,以轉(zhuǎn)讓或擔(dān)保的形式實(shí)現(xiàn)債權(quán)之流轉(zhuǎn)。目前被廣泛使用的應(yīng)收賬款融資模式為應(yīng)收賬款質(zhì)押融資和應(yīng)收賬款轉(zhuǎn)讓融資,兩種融資方式之間存在彼此獨(dú)立又部分趨同的微妙關(guān)系。事實(shí)上應(yīng)收賬款的概念屬于舶來品,因而對(duì)其概念的界定尤為重要,中國人民銀行出臺(tái)的《應(yīng)收賬款質(zhì)押登記辦法》對(duì)應(yīng)收賬款的概念界定基本上滿足了創(chuàng)設(shè)應(yīng)收賬款融資制度的需要,但為維護(hù)物權(quán)法定之權(quán)威,應(yīng)在法律層面予以肯定,或至少通過司法解釋予以明確。債權(quán)地位上升已是不可忽視的潮流,進(jìn)而提出了通過公開便捷的方式將債權(quán)變動(dòng)和負(fù)擔(dān)情況予以公示以滿足確保融資秩序與安全的需求。我國《物權(quán)法》賦予應(yīng)收賬款質(zhì)押融資以登記為公示方法,并由中國人民銀行征信中心建立了全國統(tǒng)一電子登記服務(wù)系統(tǒng),但應(yīng)收賬款轉(zhuǎn)讓融資仍由《合同法》中的債權(quán)讓與制度調(diào)整,未規(guī)定應(yīng)收賬款轉(zhuǎn)讓融資的公示制度。各國為了保障應(yīng)收賬款融資安全,采用了不同公示方法,包括通知第三債務(wù)人、交付債權(quán)證書和登記。本文在分析上述公示方法后認(rèn)為,尚不存在一種可以獨(dú)立適用的完美方法,進(jìn)而得出應(yīng)收賬款融資制度應(yīng)采納通知與登記并行的公示方法的結(jié)論。通知第三債務(wù)人是在不增加債務(wù)人負(fù)擔(dān)的前提下并完成對(duì)其公示的最佳選擇,對(duì)其他潛在交易人的公示就要選擇登記公示方法。二者構(gòu)造與目的不同,相互獨(dú)立,相互配合,共同實(shí)現(xiàn)全面高效的公示效果。通知機(jī)制在兩種不同的應(yīng)收賬款融資制度中的具體適用上存在差異。在應(yīng)收賬款質(zhì)押的情形中,通知的約束力表現(xiàn)在限制第三債務(wù)人向出質(zhì)人清償債務(wù)以免除其義務(wù)。在應(yīng)收賬款轉(zhuǎn)讓的情形中,通知的拘束力表現(xiàn)在直接改變第三債務(wù)人的清償對(duì)象。對(duì)于登記效力的選擇,本文認(rèn)為根據(jù)應(yīng)收賬款融資在法律體系中的地位及其自身特性,選擇登記對(duì)抗主義更為適宜。在登記制度具體程序上,本文以中國人民銀行于2015年1月發(fā)布的《應(yīng)收賬款質(zhì)押登記辦法(修訂征求意見稿)》為切入點(diǎn),對(duì)登記流程與查詢流程進(jìn)行詳細(xì)論述。
[Abstract]:The so-called accounts receivable financing, from the legal point of view, is to put the accounts receivable in the circulation field to transfer or guarantee the transfer of creditor's rights. At present, the widely used accounts receivable financing models are accounts receivable pledge financing and accounts receivable transfer financing. The two financing methods have a subtle relationship of independence and partial convergence. In fact, the concept of accounts receivable is imported, so the definition of the concept is particularly important. The definition of the concept of accounts receivable issued by the people's Bank of China basically meets the need of establishing the financing system of accounts receivable, but in order to maintain the authority of the law of property, it should be affirmed at the legal level. Or at least by judicial interpretation. The rising status of creditor's rights has become a trend that can not be ignored, and it is put forward that the changes and burdens of creditor's rights should be publicized in an open and convenient way to meet the needs of ensuring the order and security of financing. The Real right Law of our country has given the pledge financing of accounts receivable to register as the public demonstration method, and the credit information center of the people's Bank of China has established a unified national electronic registration service system. However, the transfer financing of accounts receivable is still adjusted by the assignment of creditor's rights system in contract Law, and there is no public system of transfer financing of accounts receivable. In order to ensure the security of accounts receivable financing, different publicity methods are adopted, including notification of the third debtor, payment of debt certificate and registration. After analyzing the above methods, this paper holds that there is not a perfect method which can be applied independently, and the conclusion is that the system of accounts receivable financing should adopt the method of public announcement parallel to notification and registration. To notify the third debtor is to complete the best choice of publicity without increasing the burden of the debtor, and the public notice to other potential traders should choose the method of registration and publicity. The structure and purpose of the two are different. They are independent and cooperate with each other to achieve a comprehensive and efficient publicity effect. There are differences in the application of notification mechanism in two different accounts receivable financing systems. In the case of pledge of accounts receivable, the binding force of notice is to restrict the third debtor from paying off his debt to the mortgagor in order to relieve him of his obligation. In the case of transfer of accounts receivable, the binding force of notification is to directly change the third debtor's repayment object. As for the choice of registration effectiveness, this paper argues that it is more appropriate to choose registration antagonism according to the status of accounts receivable financing in the legal system and its own characteristics. In the specific procedure of the registration system, this paper discusses the registration process and the inquiry flow in detail from the point of view of the Registration method of accounts Receivable pledge (revised draft of soliciting opinions) issued by the people's Bank of China in January 2015.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D923.2

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