本文選題：金融消費(fèi)者 + 金融機(jī)構(gòu)��； 參考：《南京航空航天大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：在金融業(yè)日益繁榮的趨勢下，各金融機(jī)構(gòu)紛紛推出了種類繁多的金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)，尤其是復(fù)雜和高風(fēng)險金融衍生品的出現(xiàn)使得金融消費(fèi)者比一般消費(fèi)者顯得更為弱勢，金融消費(fèi)者和金融機(jī)構(gòu)的之間的這種不平等的地位也逐漸顯現(xiàn)，傳統(tǒng)的保護(hù)一般消費(fèi)者權(quán)利的制度與理念不足以為金融消費(fèi)者的保護(hù)提供保障。因而，文章中將金融消費(fèi)者作為獨(dú)立的金融市場的參與者，通過研究其權(quán)利內(nèi)容和特殊性，實現(xiàn)對金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益的有效保護(hù)。本文將以金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益的保護(hù)作為核心，并以經(jīng)濟(jì)法的基本原則為指引，從一般消費(fèi)者的概念為起點(diǎn)，完成對金融消費(fèi)者身份的界定，從而說明金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益保護(hù)的必要性和特殊性，為金融消費(fèi)者提供一個跨銀行、保險、證券等金融機(jī)構(gòu)的全面的法律保護(hù)。在特殊性方面著重對金融消費(fèi)者知情權(quán)、公平交易權(quán)、隱私權(quán)等基本權(quán)利的保護(hù)予以剖析。 由于金融業(yè)的這種特殊保護(hù)使我國在保護(hù)金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益上存在不足，分析現(xiàn)存問題的主要原因有三方面：一是立法方面，立法沒有明確對金融消費(fèi)者保護(hù)的法律目標(biāo)，各監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)制定的規(guī)章制度經(jīng)常有沖突，導(dǎo)致法律法規(guī)執(zhí)行的尷尬，法律權(quán)威的淡化，即需要制定統(tǒng)一的立法保護(hù)體系對金融機(jī)構(gòu)實現(xiàn)嚴(yán)格責(zé)任并推進(jìn)金融市場的行業(yè)規(guī)范；二是金融監(jiān)管方面，監(jiān)管手段單一，沒有強(qiáng)有力的制裁權(quán)，同時，金融監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的職責(zé)不明確，法律沒有規(guī)定其職責(zé)也沒有賦予其職責(zé)，這使監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)不能有效的保護(hù)金融消費(fèi)者的權(quán)益；三是糾紛解決機(jī)制上，目前我國沒有建立一個高效便民的保護(hù)金融消費(fèi)者的長效機(jī)制，投訴和糾紛解決途徑不暢通，金融消費(fèi)者無法選擇合適的保護(hù)自身合法權(quán)益的救濟(jì)途徑。“因為有缺陷才需要完善”，以上分析的我國在金融消費(fèi)者保護(hù)現(xiàn)狀上存在問題的原因為文章的最后部分如何完善金融消費(fèi)者法律保護(hù)體系做鋪墊。 針對我國在金融消費(fèi)者保護(hù)方面存在的問題，本文運(yùn)用比較分析的方法通過對美、英、日等金融服務(wù)業(yè)相對發(fā)達(dá)的國家或地區(qū)關(guān)于金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益法律保護(hù)情況的介紹，綜合分析了美、英、日等金融業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益法律保護(hù)的制度經(jīng)驗，以供最后一章制度的構(gòu)建和完善進(jìn)行借鑒。文章的最后根據(jù)上文分析的基礎(chǔ)上，筆者結(jié)合我國實際提出了對我國金融消費(fèi)者權(quán)益法律保護(hù)的基本構(gòu)架應(yīng)包括立法體系上預(yù)防機(jī)制的設(shè)計如確立強(qiáng)制信息披露制度、格式條款效力的限制制度、禁止強(qiáng)制交易制度、強(qiáng)化信息安全制度、建立風(fēng)險預(yù)警機(jī)制，金融操作規(guī)范和監(jiān)督，糾紛的處理與事后的補(bǔ)救和懲處等幾方面提出自己的建議，為建立和完善我國的金融消費(fèi)者保護(hù)機(jī)制，以促進(jìn)金融機(jī)構(gòu)提供的金融產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)的規(guī)范化，積極履行社會責(zé)任，，凈化金融消費(fèi)環(huán)境，促進(jìn)金融市場的穩(wěn)定、健康發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the increasing prosperity of the financial industry, various financial institutions have introduced a wide variety of financial products and services, especially the emergence of complex and high-risk financial derivatives, making financial consumers more vulnerable than ordinary consumers. The unequal position between financial consumers and financial institutions also gradually appears. The traditional system and concept of protecting the rights of general consumers is not enough to provide protection for financial consumers. Therefore, the article regards the financial consumer as the independent financial market participant, through studying its right content and particularity, realizes the effective protection to the financial consumer's rights and interests. This paper will take the protection of the rights and interests of financial consumers as the core, take the basic principles of economic law as the guide, from the general concept of consumers as the starting point, complete the definition of the identity of financial consumers. It explains the necessity and particularity of the protection of financial consumers' rights and interests, and provides a comprehensive legal protection for financial consumers across banks, insurance, securities and other financial institutions. In the aspect of particularity, the protection of financial consumers' right to know, fair trade, privacy and so on is analyzed. Because of this special protection of the financial industry, there are some shortcomings in protecting the rights and interests of financial consumers in our country. There are three main reasons for analyzing the existing problems: first, in the aspect of legislation, the legislation does not have a clear legal goal for the protection of financial consumers. The rules and regulations formulated by various regulatory bodies often conflict, which leads to the embarrassment of the enforcement of laws and regulations and the desalination of legal authority, that is, the need to establish a unified legislative protection system to realize strict liability to financial institutions and to promote the industry norms of financial markets; Second, in the area of financial supervision, the means of supervision are single and there is no strong sanction power. At the same time, the duties of financial regulatory bodies are not clear, and the law does not stipulate their duties and does not assign them duties. This makes the regulatory bodies unable to effectively protect the rights and interests of financial consumers; third, on the dispute resolution mechanism, at present, China has not established a long-term mechanism for the protection of financial consumers that is efficient and convenient to the people, and the channels for complaints and dispute resolution are not smooth. Financial consumers are unable to choose a suitable remedy to protect their legitimate rights and interests. The reasons for the problems in the current situation of financial consumer protection in our country are how to perfect the legal protection system of financial consumers in the last part of the article. In view of the problems existing in the protection of financial consumers in China, this paper uses comparative analysis to introduce the legal protection of the rights and interests of financial consumers in countries or regions with relatively developed financial services, such as the United States, Britain and Japan. This paper comprehensively analyzes the system experience of the financial consumer rights and interests protection in the developed countries such as the United States, Britain, Japan and so on, in order to provide a reference for the construction and perfection of the system in the last chapter. Finally, based on the above analysis, the author puts forward that the basic framework for the legal protection of the rights and interests of financial consumers in China should include the design of preventive mechanism in the legislative system, such as the establishment of compulsory information disclosure system. Some suggestions are put forward, such as the restriction system of the validity of the form clause, the prohibition of the compulsory transaction system, the strengthening of the information security system, the establishment of the risk warning mechanism, the regulation and supervision of the financial operation, the handling of disputes and the remedy and punishment after the event, etc. In order to establish and perfect the financial consumer protection mechanism in China, to promote the standardization of financial products and services provided by financial institutions, to carry out social responsibility actively, to purify the financial consumption environment, and to promote the stability and healthy development of financial market.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京航空航天大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D923.8;D922.28

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