本文選題：社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老 + 日間照料　； 參考：《河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)80年代,在改革開放政策的推動(dòng)下,我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展速度逐年增長(zhǎng),國(guó)民生活質(zhì)量明顯改善,醫(yī)療水平大幅提高,因此人們的平均壽命得到整體延長(zhǎng)。除此之外,計(jì)劃生育政策的實(shí)施,使我國(guó)老年人口總數(shù)所占的全國(guó)人口總數(shù)的比例不斷攀升,養(yǎng)老問題已發(fā)展為影響我國(guó)社會(huì)安定的突出問題。人口老齡化的加劇和“421”型家庭數(shù)量的不斷增加,使家庭的養(yǎng)老負(fù)擔(dān)過重;受傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老觀念、經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)和供需矛盾的影響,機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老也面臨著諸多難以解決的弊端。社區(qū)居家養(yǎng)老則結(jié)合了家庭養(yǎng)老和機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老的優(yōu)點(diǎn),它的突出優(yōu)勢(shì)是可以有效整合社區(qū)內(nèi)的各種資源,為老年人提供優(yōu)質(zhì)的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)。因此受到了政府和社會(huì)的青睞,政府和社會(huì)各種力量的支持使之得到迅速發(fā)展。近年來,石家莊市老齡化、高齡化趨勢(shì)越來越明顯,空巢老人數(shù)量不斷增加,老年群體的日常生活照料、醫(yī)療保健、精神文化需求日益凸顯,然而目前養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的供給還不能滿足這種日益增長(zhǎng)的養(yǎng)老需求,養(yǎng)老服務(wù)供給不足給家庭和社會(huì)帶來諸多問題和挑戰(zhàn)。2011年8月,石家莊市政府辦公廳為解決人口老齡化帶來的的養(yǎng)老難題,推動(dòng)養(yǎng)老事業(yè)快速發(fā)展,印發(fā)了《關(guān)于加快推進(jìn)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系建設(shè)的意見》,該意見指出了推進(jìn)養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系建設(shè)的目標(biāo),即到2015年底,基本建立與經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展相協(xié)調(diào)、與人口老齡化進(jìn)程相適應(yīng),以居家養(yǎng)老為基礎(chǔ)、社區(qū)服務(wù)為依托、機(jī)構(gòu)養(yǎng)老為補(bǔ)充的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系,該體系具有投資主體多元化、服務(wù)方式多樣化、服務(wù)隊(duì)伍專業(yè)化、居家養(yǎng)老普及化、覆蓋城鄉(xiāng)等優(yōu)點(diǎn)。除此之外,該意見還把推進(jìn)街道(鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn))綜合養(yǎng)老服務(wù)中心和社區(qū)為老服務(wù)站的建設(shè)作為任務(wù)之一。在這一政策的號(hào)召下,2012年10月30日,石家莊市第一家老年日間照料中心——N日間照料中心開始掛牌運(yùn)營(yíng),這是一家專門服務(wù)居家老人尤其是空巢老人的日間照料中心�，F(xiàn)階段,我國(guó)各個(gè)城市都開始探索老年日間照料中心的建設(shè)與發(fā)展,一些發(fā)達(dá)的一線城市最早開始創(chuàng)建日間照料中心,如上海、天津等,作為欠發(fā)達(dá)的二線城市——石家莊也開始建立老年日間照料中心。本研究立足于石家莊市人口眾多、老年人口比重大且經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平相對(duì)較低的特點(diǎn),以石家莊N日間照料中心為例,通過調(diào)查問卷、無結(jié)構(gòu)訪談、實(shí)地觀察等方法,在匯總調(diào)查問卷數(shù)據(jù)及訪談內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用模糊綜合評(píng)價(jià)方法對(duì)N老年日間照料中心的服務(wù)質(zhì)量進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),了解N老年日間照料中心的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與問題,通過借鑒發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的經(jīng)驗(yàn),并結(jié)合石家莊的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展現(xiàn)況,在構(gòu)建服務(wù)隊(duì)伍、調(diào)整養(yǎng)老觀念、構(gòu)建多元化籌資模式、完善評(píng)估監(jiān)管機(jī)制、挖掘老年人人力資源優(yōu)勢(shì)等方面提出相關(guān)的對(duì)策建議,為以后石家莊市老年日間照料中心的發(fā)展提供借鑒。
[Abstract]:In the 1980s, with the promotion of the reform and opening up policy, the economic development rate of our country increased year by year, the quality of life of the people obviously improved, the medical treatment level increased substantially, so the average life span of the people was lengthened as a whole.In addition, with the implementation of family planning policy, the proportion of the elderly population in the total population of our country has been rising, and the problem of old-age support has developed into a prominent problem affecting the social stability of our country.With the aggravation of population aging and the increasing number of 421 type families, the burden of providing for the aged is too heavy for the family, and the institutional old-age support is faced with many problems which are difficult to solve because of the traditional concept of the aged, the economic burden and the contradiction between supply and demand.Community at home pension combines the advantages of family pension and institutional pension, its outstanding advantage is that it can effectively integrate all kinds of resources in the community, and provide high-quality old-age services for the elderly.As a result, it is favored by the government and society, and the support of various forces of the government and society makes it develop rapidly.In recent years, the trend of aging and aging in Shijiazhuang is more and more obvious, the number of empty nesters is increasing, the daily life care, medical care and spiritual and cultural needs of the elderly are increasingly prominent.However, at present, the supply of old-age services cannot meet the increasing demand for the aged, and the insufficient supply of old-age services has brought many problems and challenges to families and society. In August 2011,The General Office of the Shijiazhuang Municipal Government has promoted the rapid development of the pension industry in order to solve the problem of providing for the aged brought about by the aging of the population.The opinion on speeding up the construction of the old-age service system was issued and published, which pointed out the goal of promoting the construction of the old-age service system, that is, by the end of 2015, it will be basically coordinated with economic and social development and adapted to the aging process of the population.The pension service system, which is based on home pension, supported by community service and supplemented by institutional pension, has the advantages of diversification of investment subject, diversification of service mode, specialization of service team, popularization of home pension, coverage of urban and rural areas and so on.In addition, the opinion also promoted the street (township) comprehensive old-age service center and community for the old service station as Ren Wuzhi.Under the call of this policy, on October 30, 2012, the first day care center for the elderly in Shijiazhuang City, the N day care center, which is a special day care center for the elderly at home, especially for the empty nesters, began to be put on the market.At this stage, every city in China has begun to explore the construction and development of day-care centers for the elderly. Some first-tier developed cities have started to establish day-care centers, such as Shanghai, Tianjin, and so on.Shijiazhuang, an underdeveloped second-tier city, also started to set up day care centers for the elderly.Based on the characteristics of Shijiazhuang with large population, large proportion of elderly population and relatively low level of economic development, this study takes Shijiazhuang N day care center as an example, through questionnaire, unstructured interview, field observation and other methods.On the basis of collecting questionnaire data and interview contents, the service quality of N day care center for the elderly was evaluated by fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, and the present situation and problems of the development of N day care center for the elderly were understood.Through drawing lessons from the experience of developed countries and regions and combining with the current situation of economic and social development in Shijiazhuang, this paper tries to establish a service team, adjust the concept of old-age support, construct a diversified financing model, and improve the evaluation and supervision mechanism.In order to provide reference for the development of day care center for the elderly in Shijiazhuang city, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions on exploiting the advantages of human resources for the elderly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北經(jīng)貿(mào)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D669.6

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