本文選題：重慶市　切入點(diǎn)：人口老齡化　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,在國(guó)家簡(jiǎn)政放權(quán)、放管結(jié)合、優(yōu)化服務(wù)和人口老齡化問題日益嚴(yán)重的大背景下,養(yǎng)老服務(wù)逐漸成為政府購買公共服務(wù)的重要試點(diǎn)領(lǐng)域。我國(guó)自進(jìn)入老齡化社會(huì)以來,老齡化呈現(xiàn)出速度加快和高齡化的特點(diǎn),且與國(guó)外“先富后老”相比我國(guó)是“未富先老”,老年人口增多,養(yǎng)老問題面臨前所未有的壓力。習(xí)近平總書記和李克強(qiáng)總理高度重視老齡問題,多次對(duì)老齡工作做出重要指示,強(qiáng)調(diào)要將應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化問題放到重要位置。因?yàn)轲B(yǎng)老問題關(guān)系到國(guó)家全局和社會(huì)發(fā)展,同時(shí)也關(guān)系到億萬人民群眾的福祉。根據(jù)重慶市2016年統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,至2015年底,重慶市總?cè)丝谶_(dá)3016.55萬人,65歲及以上人口數(shù)達(dá)到367.11萬人,占全市人口總數(shù)的12.17%,高出國(guó)際人口老齡化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)5.17個(gè)百分點(diǎn),80歲以上高齡老年人數(shù)量占老年人口總數(shù)的13.76%,失能、半失能老年人數(shù)量占老年人口總數(shù)的8.86%。根據(jù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局2016年統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,重慶市人口老齡化程度高達(dá)13.29%,老年人口撫養(yǎng)比高達(dá)18.7%,雙雙排名全國(guó)第一,成為全國(guó)“最老”的城市,養(yǎng)老問題非常嚴(yán)峻,養(yǎng)老負(fù)擔(dān)非常沉重。面對(duì)如此嚴(yán)峻和復(fù)雜的人口老齡化問題,如何探索新思路、新方法,完善養(yǎng)老服務(wù)供給機(jī)制,提升養(yǎng)老服務(wù)供給能力,給重慶市政府帶來了巨大的挑戰(zhàn)。政府是供給養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的重要主體,政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)是一種新型的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)供給模式,是政府購買公共服務(wù)在養(yǎng)老服務(wù)領(lǐng)域的運(yùn)用。政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)有利于增加養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的供給、保障老年人的權(quán)益、維護(hù)社會(huì)穩(wěn)定、弘揚(yáng)中華民族尊老愛老的優(yōu)良傳統(tǒng)、轉(zhuǎn)變政府職能、減輕政府負(fù)擔(dān),構(gòu)建我國(guó)的養(yǎng)老服務(wù)體系。因此,政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)是重慶市應(yīng)對(duì)嚴(yán)峻的人口老齡化問題的一劑良藥,對(duì)它的研究具有重要的理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)是一個(gè)多學(xué)科交叉的研究領(lǐng)域,是一個(gè)嶄新的研究課題,本文從政府購買的角度來論述重慶市政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)存在的問題及對(duì)策建議,具有一定的創(chuàng)新性。本論文主體內(nèi)容包括以下六個(gè)部分,具體包括:第一部分,主要介紹了本文的選題背景和研究意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究綜述、研究的思路與框架、研究的方法與創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)、研究的不足之處;第二部分,介紹了本文的核心概念和理論基礎(chǔ)。核心概念包括:養(yǎng)老服務(wù)、政府購買、政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù);理論基礎(chǔ)包括:新公共服務(wù)理論、福利多元主義理論、第三方治理理論;第三部分,介紹了重慶市政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀,包括重慶市政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的發(fā)展歷程、現(xiàn)行政策、購買方式、購買資金、購買成效;第四部分,分析了重慶市政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)存在的問題及原因,包括五個(gè)問題:政策法規(guī)不健全,缺乏制度保障;政府財(cái)力有限,受惠老年及購買內(nèi)容受限;購買程序不規(guī)范,公開透明性不足;監(jiān)督評(píng)估制度不完善,問責(zé)機(jī)制缺失;購買對(duì)象力量薄弱,競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性不強(qiáng);第五部分,介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn),國(guó)外包括英國(guó)政府、瑞典政府、澳大利亞政府,國(guó)內(nèi)包括江蘇省、上海市、浙江省,以及他們的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)帶給重慶市政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)的啟示;第六部分,介紹了重慶市加快推進(jìn)政府購買養(yǎng)老服務(wù)發(fā)展的對(duì)策建議,包括政府應(yīng)完善并落實(shí)相關(guān)的法規(guī)政策,增強(qiáng)制度保障;政府應(yīng)加大資金投入,增多受惠老人及購買內(nèi)容;政府應(yīng)規(guī)范購買程序,體現(xiàn)公平公正;政府應(yīng)完善監(jiān)督評(píng)估制度,保障服務(wù)質(zhì)量;政府應(yīng)培育社會(huì)組織,引入競(jìng)爭(zhēng)機(jī)制。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the national decentralization, put the tube combination, the background of optimization services and the growing population aging, pension service has gradually become an important pilot areas of government purchase of public services. Since our country entered the aging society, the aging shows faster and aging, and abroad "after the rich old compared to our country is" old before getting rich, increasing elderly population, pension issues facing the hitherto unknown pressure. General Secretary Xi Jinping and Premier Li Keqiang attaches great importance to the aging problem, repeatedly made important instructions for the aging work, stressed the need to deal with the aging problem in an important position. Because of problems related to the national pension the global and social development, but also related to the well-being of millions of people in the city of Chongqing in 2016. According to statistics, by the end of 2015, Chongqing has a total population of 30 million 165 thousand and 500 people, 65 years old and The above population reached 3 million 671 thousand and 100, accounting for the city's total population of 12.17%, higher than the international standard of aging population of 5.17 percentage points, the number of elderly aged over 80 years old accounted for 13.76% of the total population, disability, semi disabled elderly accounted for 8.86%. of the total number of the elderly population according to the National Bureau of statistics 2016 statistics show that in Chongqing the population aging degree is as high as 13.29%, the elderly population dependency ratio as high as 18.7%, both ranked first in the country, became the "oldest" of the city, the pension problem is very serious, the pension burden is very heavy. In the face of such a severe and complicated problem of population aging, a new way to explore new ideas, and improve the pension service the supply mechanism, improving the service supply capacity, brings a great challenge to the Chongqing municipal government. The government is an important part of the supply of pension services, government purchase pension service is a new type of support The old service supply mode, is the use of government purchase of public services in the field of pension services. The government purchase pension services to increase the supply of pension services, safeguard the rights and interests of the elderly, maintaining social stability, promoting Chinese fine tradition of respecting the old, the transformation of government functions, reduce the burden on the government, the construction of China's pension service system therefore, the government purchase pension service is a panacea for Chongqing to cope with the serious problem of aging population, has important theoretical significance and practical significance to study it. The government purchase pension service is a multidisciplinary research field is a new research topic, this paper from the perspective of government purchase this Chongqing municipal government purchase pension service existing problems and countermeasures, has certain innovation. The main content of this thesis includes the following six parts: the first part, including And this paper mainly introduces the research background and significance, the domestic and foreign research review, research ideas and framework, research methods and innovation, the inadequacies of the study; the second part introduces the core concepts and the theoretical basis of this paper. Key concepts include: the government purchase pension services, and government purchase pension service; the theoretical basis includes: new public service theory, welfare pluralism theory, the third party governance theory; the third part introduces the current situation of Chongqing municipal government purchase pension services, including the development process, the Chongqing municipal government purchase pension service policy, the purchase, purchase funds, purchase effectiveness; fourth part, analysis of the Chongqing municipal government to buy the problems and reasons existing pension services, including five problems: policies and regulations are not perfect, the lack of institutional guarantee; the government limited financial resources, benefit elderly and buy content restriction; purchase program Not standardized, lack of transparency; supervision and evaluation system is not perfect, lack of accountability mechanisms; the purchase power is weak, the competition is not strong; the fifth part introduces the successful experience of domestic and foreign government purchase pension services, including the British government, foreign government of Sweden, Leah Australia government, including Jiangsu Province, Shanghai city Zhejiang Province, as well as their successful experience to the Chongqing municipal government purchase pension service enlightenment; sixth part, introduced the Chongqing city to accelerate the government purchase pension service development countermeasures, including the government should improve and implement the relevant policies and regulations, enhance the system security; the government should increase capital investment, increase benefit and the elderly to buy content; the government should regulate the purchase program, reflecting the fair; the government should improve the supervision and evaluation system, guarantee the quality of service; the government should nurture social organization, the introduction of competition mechanism.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D669.6

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